Symbolism in literature provides meaning beyond just the literal words. Universal symbols that most readers share cultural understanding of can represent important ideas and themes. Symbolism brings characters and plots to life in a vivid way by using symbols like seasons, colors, nature imagery, and character names to represent deeper meanings. Recognizing symbols helps readers gain new insights into the text and themes. Common symbols include nature imagery like water, fire, seasons; time of day; and character names. Symbolism is a tool authors use to emphasize ideas, develop characters, and add depth to their stories.

1. Symbolism in LiteratureKaren S Wright

2. Meaning Beyond the ObviousA symbol is what it is, but something more.

3. Universal SymbolsUniversal symbols embody ideas or emotions that the writer and the reader share in common as a result of their social and cultural heritage. For example. . .DangerWise OwlBirthdayFireIdeaDirection

4. Symbolism Makes Literature MeaningfulCharacters come alive.

5. Action becomes more vivid.

6. Impressions paint a picture in our minds.Symbolism Emphasizes Ideas or ThemesA flowing river can represent life, or as Thoreau said about Walden Pond: It represents “the depth of the human soul.”

7. Time of DayThe sunrise can be the promise of a new day, a new beginning.The sunset can be the end of day, the end of life.

8. Symbolism Stresses PlotA storm can represent an intense moment or pending trouble, such as in Shakespeare’s Macbeth.Dawn is the promise of a new day.

9. Symbolism Gives InsightsInto CharactersIn Poe’s “Telltale Heart,” the sound of the beating heart represents guiltA character’s name tells about him/her; in “The Lottery,” Mr. Graves has authority over the killing

10. Name Becomes CharacterIn Poe's, The Cask of Amontillado, Fortunato wears a fool’s costume – and indeed-- he is a fool for trusting the narrator.

11. Seasons Often Represent LifeSpring represents new life, a new opportunity, birth, or even rebirth.

12. SummerSummer is a time of experience, a time for young adults to gain wisdom, making a mark on life.

13. FallFall represents old age or older adults.

14. If there has been a good spring and summer, fall will be beautiful.WinterWinter represents death or impending death; however, after winter, there is always a new spring. In fact, winter waits impatiently by holding swollen buds on the trees, waiting for the warm sun.

15. Spotting a SymbolSince spotting a symbol can be difficult, here are some things to look for—Repeated colors or objects.

16. Unusual character names.

17. Objects that have cultural meaning—Christmas tree, owl, and flag.What do These Images Symbolize?

18. And These. . .

19. Lastly, These. . . Literary symbolism enriches a story and our lives.