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Sociology overview vautour
- 1. Introduction to Sociology I can demonstrate an understanding of the main concepts and theories within sociology – foundations THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
- 2. BREAKING IT DOWN STUDY OF THE ACTIONS AND INTERACTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS WITHIN GROUPS
- 3. STRUCTURE SOCIAL CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES AGENCY INDIVIDUAL CHOICES AND DECISIONS
- 4. Amanda Todd – what caused her death?
- 5. SUICIDE AS A SOCIOLOGICAL ACT "Rather than a preoccupation with putting fences on bridges and what have you, I'd rather put money into ... getting to a place where we can talk about the s-word and how to do intervention." “Suicide barrier on Bloor Viaduct worked, but jumpers went elsewhere: study” - July 2010 Globe and Mail "Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge are contagious," said Michael McCamus, former executive director of the Toronto-based Family Association for Mental Health Everywhere.
- 6. Defining Sociology Social science discipline that examines development and structure of human society (institutions) Social change and social causes and consequences of human behavior Sociologists theorize on nature of changes that bring about SOCIAL ORDER AND SOCIAL INSTABILITY predictable or unpredictable gradual or sudden spontaneous or follow a specific course Sociologists investigate structure of groups, organizations, and societies, and how individuals are impacted
- 8. Main Concepts in Sociology SOCIAL ROLES HIERARCHY VALUES AND RULES NORMS
- 9. ROLES
- 10. What are Norms? Norms are behaviours that govern social action and which the majority of the members of society regards as proper, right and expected. Norms lead to the standardization of behaviour within any given society Norms are an important form of social control
- 11. Norms There are four types of norms: Mores (vital for its survival; what is right and wrong, moral and immoral) Folkways (norms governing behaviour which the society considers acceptable but does not insist upon) Taboos (are behaviours that society finds revolting) Laws (norms codified/formalized through the legislative process)
- 12. What are Social Institutions? Social institutions are established sets of norms and subsystems that support each society's survival
- 13. SOCIETY Families (reproduce and nurture) Economy (production, distribution, consumption of goods and services) Government (Controls conflict between groups and contributes to sharing of norms and values) Education (socializes young people, teaching them things they need to know in adult life)
Editor's Notes
- Individual as a member of a group You have own agency but on other hand there is a collective responsibility for your life – where you live, where you are located, what kinds of formal institutions are near you – impact your life as much as your own decisions STRUCTURE VS AGENCY
- MUST STUDY WHOLE GROUPS OF PEOPLE TO REALLY UNDERSTAND – COLLECTIVE PHENOMENA ARE NOT MERE AGGREGATIONS OF INDIVIDUAL PHENOMENA – SOMETHING WEIRD ABOUT COLLECTIVITY WHY DO GROUPS OF PEOPLE BECOME SICK? WIDESPREAD APPLICATION IN PUBLIC POLICY AND PUBLIC HEALTH – SOCIOLOGICAL INTERVENTION (HOW WE DESIGN OUR CITIES, MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGNS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH) STRUCTURE IN WHICH INDIVIDUAL IS EMBEDDED – CHANGE STRUCTURE, CHANGE INDIVIDUAL SUICIDE –WHAT KIND OF SOCIAL SYSTEM PERMITS THIS TO HAPPEN? IS IT TRULY AN INDIVIDUAL ACT? OR DOES SOCIETY HAVE SOME BEARING? THE MOST ANTI SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR IS ACTUALLY SOCIAL
- SUICIDE –WHAT KIND OF SOCIAL SYSTEM PERMITS THIS TO HAPPEN? IS IT TRULY AN INDIVIDUAL ACT? OR DOES SOCIETY HAVE SOME BEARING? THE MOST ANTI SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR IS ACTUALLY SOCIAL What would happen if there is some structure in place that could CONSTRAIN the behaviours of these people?
- In the past decade, barriers on bridges - often pricey and controversial, especially on heritage structures - have become one of the more highly regarded ways of preventing suicide: After years of debate, Montreal's Jacques Cartier Bridge got a barrier in 2004; the B.C. government has pledged to erect barriers on many of its new bridges across the province. The Toronto Transit Commission vowed earlier this year to set up barriers at each of its 69 subway stations, although the TTC doesn't know where the approximately $10-million per station will come from. Luminous Veil $5.5 million Each year, some 200 to 300 people in Toronto kill themselves "One thing we don't get is the almost spontaneous nature of the thing," said Paul Quinn, executive director of Toronto's Gerstein Centre, a crisis-intervention agency. "They're going by a bridge and they jump." But what if they can be prevented from jumping? In the late 1970s, University of California psychologist Richard Seiden tracked 515 thwarted jumpers at the Golden Gate, dating from the bridge's completion in 1937 until 1971. Only 6 per cent went on to kill themselves on another occasion, he found.
- Everyone plays certain roles within society – WE ARE ALL CONNECTED TO EACH OTHER! Social Scientists refer to this as status Roles can be ascribed (born into) Roles can also be achieved Status is used to describe our position within an institution (e.g.) cashier within a drive-through restaurant Hierarchy - ranking system used in any particular environment based on authority of power Within a hierarchy, role players expected to behave in certain ways (norms) Many different roles in society are played simultaneously (e.g.) parent at breakfast becomes an employee within the workplace Norms are behaviours that govern social action and which the majority of the members of society regards as proper, right and expected. Norms lead to the standardization of behaviour within any given society Norms are an important form of social control
- In sociology, social institutions, such as economy and government, are the 'bike parts' and the overall society is the 'bicycle.'