chaitra-1.pptx fake news detection using machine learning
Flexible and stretchable electronics
1. EXTENDING NETWORKS FROM CHIPS TO
STRETCHABLE AND FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
SURYA SHOBHAN J
S7 EC
36
GUIDED BY: JEENA MISS
2. Outline:
• Introduction
• Stretchable Electronics
Manufacturing Techniques
• Flexible Electronics
Building blocks
Fabrication technology
Advantages and Disadvantages
• Flexible Hybrid Electronics (FHE)
• System on Chip
• System on Polymer
• Potential Application areas of FHE
• Future scope & Conclusion
• Bibliography
3. INTRODUCTION
• To design a physically flexible system capable of
sensing,computation and communication.
• Transform personalized computing by enabling next step leap
forward in the form factor design.
• Integrating flexible and rigid resources on the same substrate.
4. STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS
• Electronic components that can be elongated or twisted – known as
“stretchable” electronics.
• Stretchable electronics, also known as elastic electronics or elastic
circuits, is a technology for depositing stretchable electronic
devices and circuits onto stretchable substrates.
• The future of stretchable electronics is the surface, or
substrate.(Elastomers)
6. 2. BUCKLING MECHANISM
Stretch the substrate attach thin film of Si on top
release the stretch stretch in all directions
7. • Stretchable electronics attempts biomimicry of human
skin and flesh, in being stretchable.
Patch like interface in brain.
Pacemaker in heart.
8. FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
• `Mechanically flexible’ means anything from conformable(non
linearshape) to bendable or rollable or even foldable and stretchable.
• “Flexible electronics” refers to electronic devices that can be bent,
rolled, or folded without losing functionality.
• Flexible electronics also known as flex circuits, is a technology for
assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic devices on
flexible plastic substrates.
9. Building blocks of Flexible Electronics
Flexible electronic structure is composed of :
Substrate
Back-plane
Front-plane
Encapsulation
10. Substrates
• Flexible substrates must meet these requirements:
Optical properties
Surface roughness
Chemical properties
Electric properties
• 3 types of substrate materials are:
Thin glass
Plastic film
Metal foil
11. Backplane electronics
• It is used for processing and power/signal delivery to the
frontplane.
• Materials used for backplane electronics are:
Silicon Thin-Film Transistor
Organic Thin-Film Transistor
Transparent Thin-Film Transistor
12. Frontplane Electronics
• Frontplanes carry the specific opto-electronic application.
• The frontplane materials of displays include:
Liquid Crystal Displays
Electrophoretic Displays
Organic Light-Emitting Displays
Actuators
13. Encapsulation
• To ensure long life of materials.
• Since flexible displays utilize organic materials,a barrier layer is
essential in protecting and enclosing the functional material and
layers from oxygen and degraded water.
14. Manufacturing of flexible electronics
For the manufacturing of flexible electronics “Roll to
Roll” (R2R) processing laser ablation and soft lithography
process is used.
Steps of R2R processing
15. ADVANTAGES
light weight
Smaller dimensions required
Space saving
Foldable and bendable
Wide Viewing Angle
Eco-friendly
DISADVANTAGES
Initial investment may be
expensive
Integration of components would
be challenge for engineers
Precision machines required
Performance and capabilities are
limited.
16.
17. FLEXIBLE HYBRID ELECTRONICS [FHE]
• The architecture that combine flexible elements and rigid silicon to
overcome the performance limitations of purely flexible electronics.
• FHE refers to physically flexible systems that integrate commercial off-
the-shelf rigid integrated circuits (ICs) on flexible or stretchable
substrates.
• FHE can “deliver the functionality of current state-of-the-art mobile
platforms in a truly pervasive form factor.”
18.
19. SYSTEM ON CHIP (SoC)
• A system on a chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit that integrates all
components of a computer or other electronic systems.
• SoC design enables integration of a complete system including a
large variety of processing elements and memory on a single die.
• This gave rise to powerful yet low-power embedded platforms
that enabled personal computing at a mobile form factor.
20. SYSTEM ON POLYMER (SoP)
• Complete system design on flexible substrates is a timely problem.
• An SoP is similar to system-on-a-chip, but the flexible circuits and
off-the-shelf rigid ICs are integrated on flexible or stretchable
substrates using FHE.
22. SoP INTERCONNECT CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS
1. Limitations of Wired Interconnects on Flexible Substrates
Bandwidth Limitations
BW=W×fmax
Shape Changes
Reliability Limitation
23. 2. Inter-Chip Communication over Flexible Substrate
Wired Communication Energy
• LVDS, a low voltage, low power,differential signaling standard.
PLVDS = Pdriver + Pchannel
Wireless Communication Energy
Plink,wireless = PTx + PRx
24. Energy-Efficiency Comparison
• wireless communication becomes more energy efficient, when the data rate
exceeds 4.1Gbps.
• a hybrid combination of wired and wireless transmission strategies can be
designed to minimize the communication energy.
29. Bibliography
[1] American Semiconductor Inc. FleX
TM
Silicon-on-Polymer
http://www.americansemi.com.
[2] A. Ahmadi, O. Dehzangi, and R. Jafari, “Brain-Computer Interface
Signal Processing Algorithms: A Computational Cost Vs. Accuracy
Analysis For Wearable Computers,” in In Proc. of Intl. Conf. on
Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks, 2012, pp. 40–45.
[3] American Semiconductor Inc. FleX-MCU
TM
. http://www.americansemi.com, last accessed May 2016.
[4] P. Bonato, “Wearable Sensors/Systems And Their Impact On Biomedical
Engineering,” IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine,
vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 18–20, 2003.