Science Biology B.Ed

1. JOINTS
Sonal Bharal
F.Y.B.Ed
TILAK COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

2. Introduction
Humans can move their
various body parts (in
our skeleton) in different
ways and in different
directions.

3. Skeleton is mainly divided into:
a) Skull
b) Ribcage
c) Shoulder bone
d) Backbone
e) Pelvic bone

4. Exercise
• Perform body movements of different parts
to observe how and which parts can bend or
turn:
1. Rotate hand
2. Bend sideways
3. Rotate neck 360 degree
4. Move the eyebrow bone

5. Today we will learn about
Joints

6. JOINTS
 The places where two or more bones meet and are
connected are called Joints.
 They holds bones together securely.
 They give mobility to rigid skeleton.
 There are 350 joints in our body.
 MOVABLE:-Bones can move.
e.g:-bones of arms & legs
 IMMOVABLE:-Bones cannot move.
e.g:-skull

7. Types of joints
Ball and socket joint:-
The rounded end of one bone fits into
a cup-like cavity of the other bone is
called ball and socket joint.
Such joints allow movements in all
directions.
e.g:-Shoulder =socket
Arm end=ball
e.g:- hip joints

8. Types of joints
Hinge joint:-
This type of joint allows the
movements of bones only in one
direction.
Forward and backward-180
degrees.
e.g:-Elbow and knee joint
*The wrist has double hinge joint.

9. Types of joints
Pivot joint:-
Such joint allows only rotation
and the bones can only slide over
each other.
The pivotal joint connects the
neck to the head.
e.g:-bend our head forward and
backward, turn the head to our
right and left.

10. Types of joints
Fixed joint:-
In some joints, the bones are
held so tightly together that
they cannot move at all. Such
joints are called fixed joints.
Fixed joints in the skull
protect the brain from
damage.
E.g:-joints between the skull
and the upper jaw.

11. Recap
• Bones are joined together at places called joints and enable
the body to move.
• Each body part is capable of different movements and is
hence controlled by different types of joints.
• Ball and socket joints allow flexible movement in all
directions.
• Ball and socket joints connect the arms to the shoulder and
the legs to the hip.
• The hinge joint at the elbow and the knee allows them to
move back and forth.
• The head is connected to the neck through the pivotal joint.
• The pivotal joint contains a cylindrical bone that rotates in a
ring.
• Fixed joints make the bones immovable.

12. APPLICATION
Complete the following:-
1. Joints are the ________________
2. Shoulder joint is a type of_________________
3. The joint between the upper jaw and rest of the
head is________________

13. HOMEWORK
Q. Draw diagrams of different types of joints.
Q. Fill the table about movements in our body:-
Sr.no Body part Movement
Rotates Rotates Bends Lifts Does not move
completely partly/turns at all
1. Neck
2. Wrist
3. Finger
4. Knee
5. Ankle
6. Toe
7. Back
8. Head
9. Elbow
10. Arm