The musculoskeletal system includes bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. It performs three main functions: supporting the body, protecting internal organs, and allowing movement. The human skeleton contains 206 bones that come in different shapes and sizes, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and cylindrical bones. Bones are connected by joints that can be fixed, semi-movable, or movable. Muscles are attached to bones via tendons and contract to enable movement when stimulated. Together, the bones and muscles make up the internal framework that allows the human body to function.

1. THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

2. BONES MUSCLES
It is composed of
many muscles
and bones

3. THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
• It supports the body and protects the organs.
• It lets you move your body parts and go from
one place to another.

4. THE HUMAN SKELETON
• Humans have got an internal skeleton. It is
made of 206 different bones.
• Bones are rigid and hard.

5. Functions of the skeleton:
• 1---It supports the body and helps to keep its
shape.

6. • 2---It protects the body’s soft organs, like the
brain, the lungs and the heart.

7. • Bones can move because
they are connected to
muscles.
• 3---So movement is
another function of the
skeleton.

8. BONES
• Bones can be different shapes and sizes.
• There are long bones, short bones, flat bones
and cylindrical bones.

9. • The FEMUR is the longest bone in the body.

10. • The PELVIS is the biggest bone in the body.

11. • the EAR BONES are the smallest bones in the
body.

12. We can put the human bones into three groups:
1--- bones in the head
2--- bones in the extremities ( arms and legs)
3--- bones of the torso
HEAD EXTREMITIES TRUNK

13. SKULL / CRANIUM

14. The bones in the torso are:
The spine (or spinal
Column, or vertebral
Column)
The sternum
The ribs

15. THE SPINE IS FORMED
BY 33 VERTEBRAE

17. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Of3XS-gU8dc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChhPpAKKqHI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXtG052Klkg
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/bo
dy/interactives/3djigsaw_02/index.shtml?skele
ton

18. Joints
• There are 3 types:
1. Fixed: they cannot move
2. Semi-moveable: they can move a little
(vertebrae)
3. Moveable: they can move a lot (elbows,
knees, shoulders)

19. FIXED JOINT

20. SEMI-MOVEABLE JOINT

21. MOVEABLE JOINT

23. LIGAMENTS
• Ligaments attach bone to bone

24. Muscles are soft and elastic

25. There are more than 600 muscles all over
the human body.
Muscles are made of muscle cells. These
cells can contract and relax.
Muscles contract and relax to make your
body parts move.

26. When a muscle contracts it becomes
shorter.
When a muscle relaxes it becomes
longer.
CONTRACT ----------------- SHORTER
RELAX--------------------------- LONGER

27. QUADRICEPS

30. • SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE ATTACHED TO BONES
BY TENDONS

31. which includes
The bones of the head
The bones of the trunk
The bones of the
extremities
The muscles of the trunk
The muscles of the
extremities
which include
The muscles of the face
includes
THE MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
HUMAN SKELETON MUSCLES