This document discusses writing skills and provides information on: 1) The definition of writing and a brief history covering Mesopotamian cuneiform scripts and Elamite scripts. 2) The six-step writing process of prewriting, drafting, revising, proofreading, evaluating, and publishing. 3) The four main types of writing: expository, persuasive, narrative, and descriptive. 4) Ways to improve writing skills such as daily journaling, choosing ordinary topics, reading passages and reproducing in your own words, reading styles of good writers, and following the principles of reading and writing frequently.

2. WRITING SKILLS
PRESENTTED BY:
MUHAMMAD AZAZ
#0331-8788660
DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY
GC UNIVERSITY FAISALABAD

4. Outline
 Definition of writing
 History of writing
I. Mesopotamia
II. Elamite scripts
 Process of writing
 4 Types of writing
 How one can improve his/her writing
skills

5. “A writer doesn't solve
problems. He or she
allows them to emerge.”
Friedrich Dürrenmatt

6. Definition
To communicate specific information
or ideas, utilizing the formats,
language, and content relevant to
the workplace.

7. History of writing
Mesopotamia (8000
BC)
o Cuneiform: the oldest
form of writing.
o Signs imprinted on
clay with wedge
shaped stylus
o count their
agricultural and
manufactured goods.

8. Cuneiform

9. Elamite scripts
Over the centuries, two distinct Elamite scripts
developed
 Proto-Elamite-is the oldest known writing
system from Iran.
 It was used during a brief period of time (ca.
3200 – 2900 BC)
 The Proto-Elamite script consists of more
than 1,000 signs.
 The Elamite Cuneiform script was used
from about 2500 to 331 BC. adapted from
the Akkadian people and contain about 130
symbols.

10. Writing process is based on SIX steps,
 PREWRITING THINK
 DRAFTING WRITE
 REVISING MAKE IT BETTER
 PROOFREADING MAKE IT CORRECT
 EVALUATING
 PUBLISHING

11. PREWRITING THINK
 Decide on a topic to write about.
 Brainstorm ideas about the subject.
 Do your research.
DRAFTING WRITE
 Put the information you researched into your
own words.
 Write sentences and paragraphs even if they
are not perfect.
 Read what you have written and judge if it
says what you mean.
 Show it to others and ask for suggestions.

12. REVISING MAKE IT
BETTER
 Read what you have written again.
 Think about what others said about it.
 Rearrange words or sentences.
 Take out or add parts.
 Replace overused or unclear words.
 Read your writing aloud to be sure it flows
smoothly.

13. PROOFREADING MAKE IT
CORRECT
 Be sure all sentences are complete.
 Correct spelling, capitalization, and
punctuation.
 Change words that are not used
correctly.
Have someone check your work.
 Recopy it correctly and neatly.

14. PUBLISHING
SHARE THE FINISHED
PRODUCT
 Read your writing aloud to a group.
 Create a book of your work.
 Send a copy to a friend or relative.
 Put your writing on display.
 Illustrate, perform, or set your creation to
music.
 Congratulate yourself on a job well done!

16. 4 types of writing
 Expository – Writing in
which author’s purpose is
to inform or explain the
subject to the reader. This
category of writing often
equipped with facts and
figures
 Expository writing usually
explains something in a
process.

17. 4 types of writing
Persuasive – Writing that states the
opinion of the writer and attempts to
influence the reader. E.g complain
letters.
 Persuasive writing is equipped with
reasons, arguments and
justifications.
 In persuasive writing, the author
takes a stand and asks you to believe
his point of view.

18. 4 types of writing
 Narrative-writing is an art to
describe a story author places
himself as the character and
narrates you to the story. E.g
Novels, short stories, poetry.
 Narrative writing has characters
and dialogues in it.
 Narrative writing often has
situations like disputes, conflicts,
actions, motivational events,
problems and their solutions.

19. 4 types of writing
Descriptive-writing is used to
create a vivid picture of an idea,
place or person. It is much like
painting with words.
E.g In descriptive writing, the
author will not just say: “The
vampire killed his lover”
“The red-eyed, bloody vampire,
flushed his rusty teeth into the
soft skin of his lover, and ended
her life.”

20. How one can improve his/her
writing skills
There are many ways one can improve his/her
writing skills.
1.Daily dairy writing may improve your writing
skill as well as memory as you describe how
you spent the day.
2.Choosing very ordinary topics and writing on
them may improve your writing skill as well as
creative skills.
3.Read a passage from a book and then try to
reproduce it in your own words.
4.Read a good writer well and note his/her style
then try to copy their style.

21. How one can improve his/her
writing skills
These are the two
basic principles to
improve the writing
skills,
 read, read and
read.
 Write, write and
write.

22. Practice Makes A Man
Perfect