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![2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要
关于印发《2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要》的通知 建质[2011]67号
各省、自治区住房和城乡建设厅，直辖市建委（建交委），新疆生产建设兵团建设局，中央管理的有关企业：
现将《2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要》印发给你们，请结合实际贯彻执行。执行中有何问题和建议,请及时告我部工程
质量安全监管司。
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
二〇一一年五月十日
“十二五”期间，基本实现建筑企业信息系统的普及应用，加快建筑信息模型（BIM）、基于网络的协同工作等新技术在
工程中的应用，推动信息化标准建设，促进具有自主知识产权软件的产业化，形成一批信息技术应用达到国际先进水平的建
筑企业。
（2）应用系统
①设计与施工集成系统 (Integrated Design and Construction System)
。
②工程项目管理系统 (Engineering Project Management System)
。
③项目文档管理系统 (Project Document Management System)
。
④材料与采购管理系统 (Material Order Management System)
。
⑤企业运营管理系统 (Enterprise Operation Management System)
。
⑥ 综合管理系统 (Integrated Management System)
。
⑦辅助决策系统 (Decision Support System)
。
⑧知识管理系统与智能企业门户 (Knowledge Management System)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/buildit-ibim-iceshared-140512160905-phpapp02/85/What-does-BIM-mean-for-Civil-Engineers-53-320.jpg)
Uploaded byChun Keung Ng
What does BIM mean for Civil Engineers?
The document discusses the implications of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for civil engineers, emphasizing its importance in generating digital representations for decision-making throughout a facility's lifecycle. It outlines essential elements of BIM software, differences between traditional CAD and BIM, and the historical development and application of BIM in civil engineering. Additionally, the document highlights lessons learned, challenges, and advantages of BIM, including improved cost estimation and reduced project time.
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What does BIM mean for Civil Engineers?
- 1. What does BIMmean for Civil Engineers? Prepared by Ir C K Ng 27 Nov 2013 The Institution of Civil Engineers Hong Kong
- 2. Building Professionals CivilEngineer What does BIM mean for Civil Engineers?
- 3. BIM Consultantof Build.IT Graduated from HKU in Civil Engineering Member of The Institute of Civil Engineers Worked for 10 years in HKG engineering departments Emigrated to Canada in 1992, working as AutoCAD 3rd party developer – Floor/Rack/Panel/Device/Port FM system Returned to HK in 1995, working as Resident Site Staff until 2013 30 years in civil and structural engineering experience Received MSc in Geo-information Systems, HKPU, 1998 Chairman of BIM for Infrastructure Discipline, HKIUS MHKIE in CIVIL and INFORMATION Disciplines Speaker
- 4. Topics • Definition ofBIM • Essential Elements of a BIM software • Terms to know • BIM includes Civil Engineering - CIM? • CE - plant, structure, utilities, earthwork • BIM Strategy • Lessons learnt from New Civil Engineer • BIM Contractual Issues • Considerations and Actions • (Optional) Summary of CIC BIM Roadmap Paper
- 5. Definition of BIM(Wiki) Recent (2nd Generation): Building information modeling (BIM) is a process involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. The resulting building information models become shared knowledge resources to support decision-making about a facility from earliest conceptual stages, through design and construction, through its operational life and eventual demolition.
- 6. Definition of BIM(original) Description by Jerry Laiserin (Father of BIM) : 3D object-oriented AEC-specific CAD • 3 Dimensional solid model (Singapore Spec) • Model-based (Parametric) • AEC (Building) specific 3 Essential Elements of BIM Software
- 7. More elements ofa BIM authoring software • Information Embedded or Linked • Data Richness is a measurement of Min. BIM Req. • Automatic Versioning • Unique model while allowing simultaneous access by different team/disciplines BIM - "a model-based technology linked with a database of project information" i.e. it relies on database technology as the foundation Formal judgment by Minimum BIM Requirements in line with the Capability Maturity Model.
- 8. • Data Richness. •Lifecycle Views. • Change Management or ITIL Maturity Assessment. • Roles or Disciplines. • Business Process. • Timeliness/ Response. • Delivery Method. • Graphical Information. • Spatial Capability. • Information Accuracy. • Interoperability/IFC Support. Minimum BIM (CMM)
- 9. 3D object-oriented AEC-specific Architect‟sPlan View 3D View 3D View Engineer‟s Plan View
- 10. Difference between CADand BIM Traditional CAD 2D->3D Point, line, text (Singapore – not accepted as BIM submissions) BIM 3D->2D, dim. details reduced Grids, levels, wall, door, window, column, slab, stair, water pipe, ventilation duct, cable tray Each component in the model is unique spatially – this forces the change of construction industry mindset on collaboration.
- 11. History of BIM 19752002 2005 2009 2013 Shanghai Tower CrossRail Island East One Water Cube Bird‟s Nest Stadium Penn Water Plant C Eastman Jerry Laserin Gehry Revit ArchiCAD Bentley Arch Revit ArchiCAD AECOsim 2002 – Software development 2005 – First batch of BIM software 2009 – Mature BIM software 2013 – Landmark BIM projects almost complete and being reviewed Vectorwork
- 12. Terms to know 1.O-O : Object-oriented Analysis and Design (Booch) – it is a common computer programming technique. Object has attributes and actions. (Object=Model=Class) 2. IFC - Industry Foundation Class created by buildingSMART for data exchange of building components like DXF (Drawing eXchange Format) for CAD graphics 3. Level of Detail (UK) – LOD1/2/3/4/5. Details may be shown in 2D. 4. Level of Development (US) – LOD100/../500
- 13. 3DVisualization Clash Analysis 4DConstruction sequencing Virtual Construction (3D plustime element) 5DEstimating (3D plus cost element) 6D?Forensic analysis (3D plus analysis element) 7D?Facility Management (3D plus O&M element) 5. BIM nD Terminology
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- 32. 6. BIM MaturityLevel (UK) CAD, AssetIM, SIM, FIM, BSIM, BRIM, IDM, IFC, IFD, iBIM
- 33. 6. Level 3(True BIM) Imagine the BIM model is part of the tender documents Specifications are attached to components All participants can have access to view the model easily BIM model is no difference to 2D CAD Drawings. Contractually, BIM (Level 3) = Drawings Challenge - BIM must be very accurate, can avoid many discrepancies.
- 34. 6. BIM MaturityLevel 2, 2016
- 35. BIM includes CivilEngineering? Civil BIM or CIM? Many people argue that „Building‟ in BIM is a verb, not a structure for occupation, so BIM can apply to Civil Engineering. Civil engineers have used 2.5D (MOSS) for 20 years. Command-based 3D representation existed long time ago, although not popular due to the use of powerful Mini computers. Use of BIM since 2005 Some are BIM applicable. Some remains as 2.5D CADD.
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- 37. #35695= IFCWALLSTANDARDCASE('3m7gqoql5CwOxOjcfPCj8n',#41,' Basic Wall:Generic -100mm:225326',$,'Basic Wall:Generic - 100mm:207419',#35675,#35693,'225326'); #36094= IFCMATERIALLAYERSETUSAGE(#32453,.AXIS2.,.NEGATIV E.,100.); #108019= IFCDOOR('2xAZkx1e14wgJwc653S37v',#41,'M_Single-Panel 1:0762 x 2032mm:280578',$,'0762 x 2032mm',#108017,#108010,'280578',2032.,761.99999999999 9); IFC
- 38. CIM Deviations fromBIM Definition BIM Deviations Building IFC for Building only No Infra IFC (LandXML) or Min. BIM Requirements Industry specific objects – beam, column, door, wall Generic graphics – line, text, point. Contour? Information Emphasis equally on Spatial and Database Information Strength in Spatial Information Unique Model by Version Control Less control on editing Modelling 3D 2.5D e.g. contour lines Parametric Model Irregular, cannot be represented parametrically Solid Modelling Surface Modelling/Mesh Software Object-based Command-based
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- 41. Underground Utilities -Plan View
- 42. Underground Utilities -3D View
- 43. One Drainage NetworkModel for All Lollipop Model by C K Ng, 1998
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- 46. IFC - Infrastructure IFCfor bridge proposed by Sang-ho Lee, Yonsei U.
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- 48. Tunnel Image extracted fromPAS 1192:2-2013
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- 51. 3D BIM and2.5D CADD Applications - CE 3D BIM 2.5D CADD Utilities and related Process Plant, Station e.g. power station, treatment plant Transportation e.g. Road surface, Tunnel bore (spatial information) Structure itself, Earth Retaining, Marine, Bridge and Tunnel Structures (What is the purpose – spatial or non-spatial, construction or FM?) Earthwork related - Slope, GI, Site Formation (spatial information) Solid Modelling Surface Modelling Vertical (Multi-level) Horizontal (Single level) Database Information Spatial Information Parametric Model Difficult to represent in parametric model
- 52. BIM Strategy Scandinavian Countries, US(Army, Wisconsin, NYC) Mandate BIM in public sector starting 2011 UK, Europe (not Southern Europe) Mandate BIM in public sector before 2016 - Level 2 Singapore Mandate BIM in both public and private sectors in 2015 Hong Kong HA Hong Kong Civil Engg Hong Kong CIC All BIM in 2014 ? Roadmap, Sep 2013 China 2011-2015 5-Year Plan BIM/PLM/… Korea, Germany (and China) Create own BIM software Other Asian Countries Private sector initiation
- 53. 2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要 关于印发《2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要》的通知 建质[2011]67号 各省、自治区住房和城乡建设厅，直辖市建委（建交委），新疆生产建设兵团建设局，中央管理的有关企业： 现将《2011-2015年建筑业信息化发展纲要》印发给你们，请结合实际贯彻执行。执行中有何问题和建议,请及时告我部工程 质量安全监管司。 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部 二〇一一年五月十日 “十二五”期间，基本实现建筑企业信息系统的普及应用，加快建筑信息模型（BIM）、基于网络的协同工作等新技术在 工程中的应用，推动信息化标准建设，促进具有自主知识产权软件的产业化，形成一批信息技术应用达到国际先进水平的建 筑企业。 （2）应用系统 ①设计与施工集成系统 (IntegratedDesign and Construction System) 。 ②工程项目管理系统 (Engineering Project Management System) 。 ③项目文档管理系统 (Project Document Management System) 。 ④材料与采购管理系统 (Material Order Management System) 。 ⑤企业运营管理系统 (Enterprise Operation Management System) 。 ⑥ 综合管理系统 (Integrated Management System) 。 ⑦辅助决策系统 (Decision Support System) 。 ⑧知识管理系统与智能企业门户 (Knowledge Management System)
- 54. What is thecommon element? Database/IT Systems
- 55. PDF DOC XLS JPG MPG Data Database Apps Hydraulic/ Structure / Road Alignment DMSBIM Site Records System Materialorder, delivery Sys BIM Deliverables Supervision Plan Design CAD File Submittal Register Specification Product Data Installation Manual Warranty Spare Test Certification Design Build Operate PC/Notebook Tablet Smartphone Devices Phases
- 56. Lessons Learnt fromNew Civil Engineer • UK Strategic Paper - 03.2011 • BIM is the word – 12.2011(UK) • Crossrail Case Study – 03.2012 • BIM Special – 03.2012 • BIM for Contractor – 04.2013 • Port Mann Highway, Canada – 06.2013
- 57. • Essentially theUK Government has embarked with industry on a four year programme for sector modernisation with the key objective of: reducing capital cost and the carbon burden from the construction and operation of the built environment by 20%. • 'It was found that whilst major clients such as BAA and HA (Highways Authority) expect a comprehensive handover, in general Civils/Infrastructure (C/I) handover is done to a far lower standard, if at all. Evidence for this weakness is provided by the high amount of re-surveying and re- inspection that is undertaken after handover. … Ironically once data is collected infrastructure owners often tend to make far more effective use of the information than building operators.' UK Strategic Paper 3.2011
- 58. Bim is theword 12.2011 • Revit, Bentley Architecture (AECOsim), ArchiCAD • Inroads/Openroad, Autodesk Civil 3D • Object based, Laser point cloud • 'Level 3 – no longer 3d design but a set of fully parametric self-aware data objects.' • 'Handing over an electronic user-manual - a massive saving at commissioning stage.' • 'To pull in a roundabout from a pallet'
- 59. CrossRail 03.2012 • CrossrailCEO 'We are looking for a single BIM model that connects the data set from start to end. As an industry we are not very good at this – we break that line up in many parts. The as-designed versus the as-built versus the as- maintained tends to be on different platforms and I am going to ask our technology partners …„ • … The second priority was to ensure that BIM is adopted right through the project all the way to operation and maintenance.
- 60. BIM Special –03.2012 • BIM is not a silver bullet to cure the world's ills, but it does bring about key characteristics that will make us think and behave in different ways. • From the availability to reuse rather than waste data throughout the asset lifecycle, from designers, manufacturers, contractors, … bringing the industry around the single BIM model and its rich data set.
- 61. BIM for Contractor04.2013 • A BIM steering committee of a contractor was set up to identify the information flows and processes that go on in the company. • BIM means empowering speedy, accurate and informed decision making and then delivering efficiencies by virtually verifying the buildability and functionality. • There is a culture change that has to go on. (The first BIM project in HK was initiated by contractor in 2005)
- 62. Port Mann Hwy,Canada 06.2013 • The consultant created a single integrated model of the entire 37km transport corridor, incorporating grading, layout, geometry and alignment. • Existing infrastructure such as drainage culverts, power lines and sewers were also modelled, and later on, junction box, street lamps and minor drainage elements. • Some judgment is required on what level of detail is appropriate for each element.
- 63. The Culture isChanging 12.2013 by Topcon Positioning Group • If you went to US or Germany, there is no manor earthmoving project going on without machine control. • In US, contractors are very aggressive. If they see a technology that allows them to do a job faster they will go to the local government and try to get the rules changed to allow them to use that technology • The inherent reluctance of UK contractors to share their ideas for fear of being copied. Europe is more conservative, and Asia also.
- 64. Advantages of UsingBIM • Less dimension details • Complex geometry • Easy to understand the scope of works • Models have intelligence – drainage / watermain networks have connectivity info • Good for presentation • Less VO
- 65. BIM – LessVariation Orders
- 66. Some Statistics 7%reduction of project time Eliminate 40% unbudgeted changes Save 10% cost due to clashes Estimate accuracy 3% closer Estimation 80% faster
- 67. Contract Documents Earliest contractdoucments 2008 by • ConsensusDOCS LLC • AIA • AEC(UK) Recent (2013) : • Singapore Particular Conditions • UK CIC BIM Protocol (well accepted by Insurance Industry)
- 68. Coverage: •Risk Allocation •Intellectual Property Definition: •Model,LOD •BIM/Information Manager •BIM Execution Plan Contractual Issue
- 69. Contract Documents Singapore ConsensusDOCS301 UK CIC Particular Conditions ConsensusDOCS 301 - Addendum BIM Protocol Role of Information Management BIM Execution Plan BIM Guides Affiliated Contract PAS 1192:2
- 70. Definitions Singapore ConsensusDOCS 301 UK CICBIM Protocol Model Full Design Model Model Elements Design Model Construction Model Federated Model Project Team Model Federated Model Level of Details Level of Development Level of Details
- 71. Content in Doc SingaporeConsensusDOCS 301 UK CIC BIM Protocol Definition Principles BIM Management BIM Execution Plan Risk Allocation Intellectual Property Principles Definition Info Management BIM Execution Plan Risk Allocation Intellectual Property Introduction Principles Objective Incorporation into contracts Permitted purposes Treatment of IP Electronic Data Exchange Def. Of Model Change Management Liability of Model Info Management Model Production and Delivery Table
- 72. Intellectual Property Singapore ConsensusDOCS301 UK CIC BIM Protocol Model Author Contributor concept Permitted purpose concept
- 73. Roles and Responsibilityof BIM/Information Staff Singapore ConsensusDOCS 301 UK CIC BIM Protocol BIM Manager BIM Co-ordinator Information Management Information Manager Employer's Information Requirement Sample BEP provided No specific BEP Model Production and Delivery Table
- 74. HK Contractual Arrangements ClientH Client M Design Model No Design Model, Ctr create model Provided to ctr, no liability (Singapore – for reference only) Not provided to ctr, no liability Not contractually binding Not contractually binding 3D Clash detection and resolution Clash detection and resolution 4D shows sequencing and constructability Some activities 4D shows safety Some activities
- 75. HK Contractual Arrangements(Cont‟d) Client H Client M 4D shows scheduling Some activities Encourage collaboration and treat as a deliverable As a deliverable As-built model requires approval, catalog, testing, maintenance manual and warranty for everything Requires brand, model, power and capacity of equipment BIM Standards, User Guides, Library Component Supplement to CADD Manual
- 76. Considerations • Maturity ofSoftware – Rebar • QTO is another headache • Cost of Software (SME) • Human Resources of BIM – BIM Manager – BIM Leader/Co-ordinator • Are counterparts using BIM?
- 77. Considerations • BIM won‟tbe alone – Think electronically – BIM-centred workflow – Other systems : ERP, DMS, PLM, DSS • Collaboration – Think collaboration, NOT confrontation • BIM Professionals vs BIM Technicians – Communication between professionals thro‟ BIM co- ordinators – Direct decision making by professionals with BIM skill – All Arch graduates know BIM – How many Engineers know BIM?
- 78. • Resources – BIMoperators or professionals • Contract – DB contract common in building and US – DBB contract common for civil engineering • Quantity Take Off – Direct from models not ready • Failure – Legal issues – Design issues – frequent changes Considerations
- 79. Actions • Don‟t justwatch, start using it. (Shanghai Tower) • Take a hands-on BIM course • Train your staff • 3D CE Software requires longer learning curve • Big Data - the Biggest thing is Data • If you want to implement BIM, • decide what data you need during O&M • design model = as-built model (permanent doc) • If you are using BIM for your project, • hire a system analyst to review your workflow (IDM) • hire good database (and web) programmers • During construction, BIM is active, Data is passive • During maintenance, BIM is passive, Data is active
- 80. BIM Education/Training • AddBIM training to the curriculum • Encourage use of BIM for projects (e.g. Singapore on industry incentives) • Develop engineering analysis on a BIM system • Increase funding for research on Civil BIM (e.g. Korea, Japan and Germany on IFC/BIM; Leading countries on BIM Process) • Double degree in CE & Law • Why no double degree in CE & IT? • Top up degree in IT • IT has a wide range, CE wants DB design, web programme
- 81. Must Read • SingaporeBIM Particular Conditions Version 1 or 2 + BIM Guides • ConcensusDOCS 301 • BIM Protocol, CIC UK • BIM Guide, NYC • HKHA – Design/User Guide, Standards, • AEC(UK) BIM Standard/Protocol • „Issues and Implementation Methods for BIM in the Civil Infrastructure Domain‟ by Nobuyoshi Yabuki, Japan Osaka University. Hong Kong Conference 2010
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- 83. BIM Implementation inCivil Infra Domain by N Yabuki, Osaka U, Japan 2010 No official standards for representing 3D infra models Lack of IT knowledge among civil engineers Lack of research (and funds) on BIM for infra Conservativeness of those in public construction domain Public owners will not adopt BIM until standard effective Mindset Slow development of BIM tools for infra domain Lack of IT research in civil engineering Lack of communication bet civil engineers and IT specialists Shift from DBB to DB Government support
- 85. HK CIC DraftBIM Roadmap What is BIM? BIM - management, not drawing, tools BIM – parametric, intelligent, unique HK – Technical->Business->Market B.I. Modelling or Management BIM model is a permanent document HK – Standard + Promotion + Training 16 recommended initiatives in 9 areas
- 86. Current BIM Implementation HKis lagging behind, in fact, extreme Some advanced and innovative Jeopardize competitive edge of HK firms Fast mover, follower and observer All at a sudden – more BIM adoptions Private developer - money justifies itself
- 87. Global trend Can weignore the move to BIM? See global trend – 2002/2005/2009/2013? Uniqueness forces collaboration, mindset changed Loss of competitive edge without BIM skill BD follows Singapore – eSubmissions
- 88. Elements of Successin BIM Most important driving force – Clients Second, top management Mindset changed Re-assign roles and responsibility Some posts fear of loss of value BIM model is a permanent document
- 89. Leading Practice Countries Characteristicsof Leading Practice Countries Establishment of Standards High rate of adoption Increased automation with IT Increased performance
- 90. Others Shared BIM Standards Educationprogrammes From Visualization to Automation Set higher target of performance Clear Govt policy > free market approach Localization / customization Roles of BIM Manager
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- 93. IFC - Infrastructure IFCfor bridge proposed by Sang-ho Lee, Yonsei U.
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- 98. Example of UndergroundUtilities (Pressure)
- 99. Example of UU(Cable)
- 100. Example of UndergroundUtilities (Drain)