Virtual machines, emulators and mobile devices
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A virtual machine is a software-based computer that runs an operating system and applications. A hypervisor program manages and allocates resources like the CPU and memory to each virtual machine, allowing multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on one physical machine. Virtual machines provide advantages like running different operating systems at once and easier maintenance, but may lead to unstable performance when running simultaneously due to inefficiencies accessing hardware.
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Operating systems
An operating system manages computer hardware resources and allows the use of applications. Popular operating systems include Linux, Android, iOS, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows. Operating systems can be found on devices like computers, phones, game consoles, and servers. There are different types of operating systems including graphical user interface, multi-user, multi-processing, multi-tasking, distributed, and embedded operating systems.
Practical examples for different types of operating systems.
An operating system (OS) is a collection of programs that facilitates the execution of user programs and the use of resources.
There are 5 types of operating systems.
Batch processing operating system
Multiprogramming operating system
Time sharing operating system
Real-time operating system
Distributed operating system
In this presentation, you will find the practical applications of above-mentioned types of os like Air traffic control, payroll.
Operating Systems
Brief description of Operating Systems, their functions and actual market status.
Improved from a file made by Mohamed Loey.
Computer operating system
The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer and allows other programs to run. It performs basic tasks like managing files and directories, controlling devices, and ensuring security. Operating systems provide a software platform for applications and determine which applications can be run. The most popular desktop operating systems are Windows, Mac OS, and Linux, with Windows being the dominant platform. [/SUMMARY]
Operating system
An operating system manages computer hardware and provides an environment for application programs to run. It acts as an interface between the computer and user, providing graphical or command line interfaces. There are different types of operating systems like real-time, distributed, and embedded operating systems. Key components of an operating system include the kernel, which manages system resources, and processes, which the operating system schedules. Memory, storage, security, and input/output management are also important operating system functions. Popular operating systems include Linux, a free and open-source UNIX-like system, and Windows XP, designed by Microsoft.
Operating system; Multitasking
This document discusses several key concepts related to operating systems:
1. Multitasking allows a CPU to quickly switch between multiple programs to give the appearance that all programs are running simultaneously. There are two types: preemptive and cooperative.
2. Multiprogramming runs several programs at once using timesharing, where the operating system allocates CPU time slices to each program.
3. Buffering stores data temporarily in RAM when transferring between devices to improve efficiency. Word processors use buffers to track file changes before saving to disk.
4. Spooling places output for slower devices like printers in temporary storage so multiple applications can print concurrently without mixed output.
5. Caching uses high-
Computer Operating System
The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. It performs basic tasks like controlling peripheral devices and ensures security by preventing unauthorized access. Operating systems can be classified as multi-user, allowing multiple users to run programs simultaneously; multiprocessor, supporting programs running on more than one CPU; multitasking, allowing concurrent execution of multiple programs; and multithreading, where different parts of a single program run concurrently. Real-time operating systems also instantly respond to inputs.
virtualization_software
Virtualization software allows users to run multiple operating systems simultaneously on one physical computer, improving hardware utilization and convenience. It enables situations where different software needs cannot be met by one OS or where switching OS requires rebooting. Popular virtualization options include VMware, VirtualBox, Parallel Desktop, and Xen, with VMware and VirtualBox being commercial and free alternatives. Virtualization software provides an efficient solution for running different OS as needed.
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Operating systems
An operating system manages computer hardware resources and allows the use of applications. Popular operating systems include Linux, Android, iOS, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows. Operating systems can be found on devices like computers, phones, game consoles, and servers. There are different types of operating systems including graphical user interface, multi-user, multi-processing, multi-tasking, distributed, and embedded operating systems.
Practical examples for different types of operating systems.
An operating system (OS) is a collection of programs that facilitates the execution of user programs and the use of resources.
There are 5 types of operating systems.
Batch processing operating system
Multiprogramming operating system
Time sharing operating system
Real-time operating system
Distributed operating system
In this presentation, you will find the practical applications of above-mentioned types of os like Air traffic control, payroll.
Operating Systems
Brief description of Operating Systems, their functions and actual market status.
Improved from a file made by Mohamed Loey.
Computer operating system
The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer and allows other programs to run. It performs basic tasks like managing files and directories, controlling devices, and ensuring security. Operating systems provide a software platform for applications and determine which applications can be run. The most popular desktop operating systems are Windows, Mac OS, and Linux, with Windows being the dominant platform. [/SUMMARY]
Operating system
An operating system manages computer hardware and provides an environment for application programs to run. It acts as an interface between the computer and user, providing graphical or command line interfaces. There are different types of operating systems like real-time, distributed, and embedded operating systems. Key components of an operating system include the kernel, which manages system resources, and processes, which the operating system schedules. Memory, storage, security, and input/output management are also important operating system functions. Popular operating systems include Linux, a free and open-source UNIX-like system, and Windows XP, designed by Microsoft.
Operating system; Multitasking
This document discusses several key concepts related to operating systems:
1. Multitasking allows a CPU to quickly switch between multiple programs to give the appearance that all programs are running simultaneously. There are two types: preemptive and cooperative.
2. Multiprogramming runs several programs at once using timesharing, where the operating system allocates CPU time slices to each program.
3. Buffering stores data temporarily in RAM when transferring between devices to improve efficiency. Word processors use buffers to track file changes before saving to disk.
4. Spooling places output for slower devices like printers in temporary storage so multiple applications can print concurrently without mixed output.
5. Caching uses high-
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The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. It performs basic tasks like controlling peripheral devices and ensures security by preventing unauthorized access. Operating systems can be classified as multi-user, allowing multiple users to run programs simultaneously; multiprocessor, supporting programs running on more than one CPU; multitasking, allowing concurrent execution of multiple programs; and multithreading, where different parts of a single program run concurrently. Real-time operating systems also instantly respond to inputs.
virtualization_software
Virtualization software allows users to run multiple operating systems simultaneously on one physical computer, improving hardware utilization and convenience. It enables situations where different software needs cannot be met by one OS or where switching OS requires rebooting. Popular virtualization options include VMware, VirtualBox, Parallel Desktop, and Xen, with VMware and VirtualBox being commercial and free alternatives. Virtualization software provides an efficient solution for running different OS as needed.
Types of o.s
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Operativesystems
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opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices and storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. It allows for parallel activity to avoid wasted cycles and provides protection for information. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems.
opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices, and organizes file storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems. A multi-user/multitasking OS allows many users to connect at once with each having their own session.
opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices and storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. It allows for parallel activity to avoid wasted cycles and provides protection for users. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems.
SD & D Types of programming language
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This document defines and describes key concepts related to operating systems and graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It discusses classifications of operating systems including multi-user, multiprocessing, multitasking, and multithreading. It also defines common GUI elements such as the desktop, icons, notification area, Windows Aero, desktop gadgets, taskbar, and recycle bin. Finally, it provides the basic components of a GUI including pointers, pointing devices, icons, desktops, and menus.
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The operating system sits between the user and hardware and allows users to interact with a computer. The main types of operating systems are Windows, Linux, and OSX. Windows is proprietary software developed by Microsoft, Linux is open-source software, and OSX is proprietary but based on Unix like Linux. A computer's hardware includes the CPU for processing, RAM for temporary memory, and storage for long-term memory. An operating system manages these components to run programs. Virtual machines allow running multiple operating systems on one computer through software simulation.
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A virtual machine (VM) is a software program that exhibits the behavior of a separate computer and can perform tasks like a separate computer such as running applications. Multiple VMs can exist within a single host computer. VMs are used for testing purposes like running malware safely. They provide isolation between VMs and the ability to run different operating systems. However, VMs are less efficient than physical machines when accessing hardware.
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This document discusses computer system architecture and different types of processor systems. It describes single processor systems, which can only process one task at a time, and multiprocessor systems, which can process multiple tasks in parallel using two or more closely communicating processors. Multiprocessor systems provide benefits like increased throughput, reliability if a processor fails, and lower overall costs compared to multiple single processor systems. The document also distinguishes between symmetric multiprocessing, where all processors perform all tasks equally, and asymmetric multiprocessing, where processors have defined boss and worker roles.
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This document discusses different types of operating systems, including single-user operating systems designed for one user, multi-user operating systems that allow multiple simultaneous users, and real-time operating systems designed for applications that require fast and predictable responses to events. It provides examples of operating systems for each type, such as Windows and Mac OS for single-user multi-tasking, UNIX and VMS for multi-user, and QNX and RTLINUX for real-time applications. The document also covers embedded operating systems designed for small devices, multiprogramming systems that run multiple programs concurrently, and multiprocessing systems that utilize multiple CPUs.
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An operating system is a set of programs that allow for the administration of computer hardware and resources. It performs key functions like managing the processor, memory, inputs/outputs, and running applications. Main features include convenience, efficiency, ability to evolve, and administering hardware. Popular operating systems today include Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, and Solaris. Operating systems can be classified based on users (single vs multi-user), processes (single vs multi-tasking), processors (single vs multi-processor), and time (real-time vs time-sharing). Drivers allow operating systems to interface with hardware.
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This document discusses different types of software, including operating systems, utilities, and applications. It describes operating systems as software that controls how computer hardware works and provides communication between the user and computer. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are the most widely used type of interface today, allowing for easy use through windows, icons, menus, and pointers. Command line interfaces require users to type commands, and were more common in the past. The document also outlines various functions of operating systems and examples of utility and application software.
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The document discusses operating systems and their functions. An operating system manages computer hardware resources and enables communication between hardware and software. Early systems used command line interfaces while modern systems use graphical user interfaces (GUIs) with icons that are easier to use. Operating systems perform basic tasks like memory allocation, task prioritization, input/output control, networking, file management, and error detection. Key features of operating systems include multitasking, allowing multiple programs to run simultaneously; multi-user support to allow multiple users; and multithreading to allow parts of a program to run concurrently.
opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices and storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. It allows for parallel activity to avoid wasted cycles and provides protection for information. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems.
opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices, and organizes file storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems. A multi-user/multitasking OS allows many users to connect at once with each having their own session.
opreting system
An operating system is a software that enables all other programs and hardware to function properly. It provides a user interface, runs programs, manages devices and storage. The OS acts as an interface between users, programs, and hardware. It allows for parallel activity to avoid wasted cycles and provides protection for users. There are different types of operating systems including real-time, single-user/single-tasking, single-user/multitasking, and multi-user/multitasking operating systems.
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High level languages like those using words like "if" and "else" are easier for humans to understand, while low level machine code using binary is what computers can directly understand. Translators are needed to convert high level code to low level code for the computer. There are two main types of translators - interpreters translate code line by line as the program runs, while compilers convert the entire program to object code before it runs. Both have pros and cons related to speed of execution and ease of debugging.
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Real numbers include integers, rational numbers like fractions, and irrational numbers like pi. They can be positive, negative, or zero. In computing, real numbers are represented using floating point notation, where the number is stored as a mantissa and exponent. The mantissa holds the significant digits of the number, while the exponent tracks the decimal place. Increasing the bit sizes of the mantissa and exponent allows for greater accuracy or range of real numbers that can be represented, respectively.
S & D Machine code
Machine code consists of binary instructions that are directly executed by the CPU. Each instruction performs a specific task like loading a value or adding numbers. Hexadecimal is typically used instead of binary by programmers because it is easier to convert binary to hexadecimal than to decimal. Hexadecimal is base 16, so it uses 16 symbols (0-9 and A-F) to represent values. Assembly code is a low-level language that is specific to a particular computer architecture. An assembler converts assembly code into binary machine code instructions. Assembly code runs very fast but is dependent on the processor and difficult to learn and port between systems.
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Virtualization allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine. It began in IBM mainframes in 1972 and allowed time-sharing of computing resources. Modern virtualization technologies like VMware and Xen create virtual environments that are essentially identical to the original machine for programs to run in. Virtualization provides benefits like consolidation of servers, high availability, disaster recovery and easier management of computing resources. There are different types of virtualization including server, desktop, application, memory and storage virtualization.
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A virtual machine is a software implementation of a computer that runs programs like an actual physical machine. It shares the physical hardware of the host machine but isolates the guest operating system and applications to avoid impacting other users. Using CPU scheduling and virtual memory techniques, the host operating system can create the illusion for each virtual machine that it has its own dedicated CPU and memory. This allows a single physical machine to run multiple operating systems concurrently while maintaining isolation between them.
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Operating system 16 virtual machines
Virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, including virtual computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, and computer network resources.
Hardware virtualization or platform virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual machine that acts like a real computer with an operating system.
Software executed on these virtual machines is separated from the underlying hardware resources.
For example, a computer that is running Microsoft Windows may host a virtual machine that looks like a computer with the Ubuntu Linux operating system; Ubuntu-based software can be run on the virtual machine
Virtual System
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Virtual Machine Concept
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This document discusses virtualization and provides information on different types of virtualization including hardware virtualization, desktop virtualization, and operating system virtualization. It describes virtual machines and how they operate based on the architecture and functions of real computers. Benefits of virtualization include conserving energy, improving ease of management, enabling testing and learning, reducing backup times, and maintaining legacy applications. Potential disadvantages include performance impacts if the server hosting virtual machines fails and demands for powerful hardware. The document also provides details about Oracle VM VirtualBox software.
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A database solution should be evaluated based on its fitness for purpose by meeting end user and functional requirements set during analysis, and the accuracy of its SQL query outputs as demonstrated by test results, with the overall evaluation reflecting on output accuracy.
Testing SQL
The document provides examples of testing SQL queries by comparing the actual results of a query to expected results. It shows sample data from car rental and car databases, expected outputs for queries on the data, and the correct SQL queries to produce the expected outputs. For the first example, the correct query includes a JOIN and column aliases. For the second example, the correct query uses MAX instead of COUNT, includes a GROUP BY, and uses an alias for the column heading.
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The document provides examples of SQL queries on a car hire database with four tables: Customer, Booking, Car, and Depot. It demonstrates the use of wildcards, aggregation functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG, and MIN/MAX. It also shows how to use GROUP BY, ORDER BY, computed values, aliases, and subqueries to retrieve specific data from the tables.
Database Query Design
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Data Dictionary
A data dictionary contains information about the data items in a database, including the entity or table name, attribute or field name, data type, size, whether it is required, and any validation rules. For example, a school data dictionary would specify that the Class table has attributes like ClassID which is the primary key, Classroom which is a number that must be between 1 and 10, and MainBuilding which is a yes/no field. It also describes pupil attributes like CandidateNum which is the primary key consisting of 7 numeric characters and ClassID which is a foreign key that must match an existing ClassID.
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Virtual machines, emulators and mobile devices
- 2. Virtual Machines A virtual machine is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. A virtual machine is an emulation of a specific computer system.
- 3. Virtual Machines In order to manage multiple operating systems on the same machine, a program called a hypervisor is used. The hypervisor manages and allocates the system's processor, memory, and other resources to each OS. VM 1 VM 2 VM 3 VM 4 HypervisorHypervisor Host Operating System CPU Disk Memory
- 4. Virtual Machines Examples Run Windows programs on a Mac with a virtual machine. Server can provide different virtual functions such as file server, print server, web server
- 5. Virtual Machines Advantages •Multiple OS environments can exist at the same time on the same machine •Only one physical computer required •Easier maintenance and more convenient recovery Disadvantages •Using virtual machines running simultaneously on the same computer may lead to unstable performance •A virtual machine is not as efficient as a real machine when accessing the computer hardware
- 6. Emulators An emulator is a program that enables the computer to behave like another computer or piece of hardware. Examples: Mobile phone Video console Older computer
- 7. Mobile Devices Mobile devices are smaller versions of a computer system Examples are tablets and mobile phones They use the same basic stored program concept as a full-size computer system but there are some differences due to size: Storage Processing power User interaction Slimmed down OS Interfaces