This document discusses verbals, which are verb forms that function as other parts of speech in a sentence. There are three types of verbals: participles, gerunds, and infinitives. Participles can function as adjectives, gerunds as nouns, and infinitives as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. Examples are provided for how each verbal can be used and modified within sentences.

1. Verbals
By: Aubrey Vale G. Sagun

2. What are verbals?
are verb forms which act as another part
of speech in a sentence
are group of words that resemble verbs
and formed from verbs but which are used
as other parts of speech

3. What is the difference between a
verb and verbal?
A verb is a word used to describe an
action, state, or occurrence, and forming
the main part of the predicate of a
sentence. A verbal is used not as
predicate, but as a modifier or a noun in
the position of a subject, object, predicate
complement or object of the preposition.

4. Examples
Verbal as a noun
His firing of William was a mistake. (the word
(firing functions as a verbal noun )
Verbal as an adjective
The class is boring. (the word boring functions
as a verbal adjective)
Verbal as an adverb
Reading intelligently is not always easy.
(Gerund with adverb modifier)

5. Examples
Verbal as object
I thoroughly enjoy jogging. (jogging functions
as direct object)
Verbal as object of the preposition
Joe takes pleasure in running. (running
functions as object of the preposition)

6. The three kinds
of Verbals

7. Participle
 a participle is a word which has the function of both verb
and adjective.
 P-verbs (past, present, perfect)
 The present participle always ends in –ing
 the past participle is the third principle part of the verb.
 the perfect participle consists of having or having been
+ the past participle
 being a verb form, the participle may be modified by an
adverb or a phrase, and may also take an object.

8. Example
 Speaking good English, he impressed the
audience. (Participle with object)
 The English spoken by the guest speaker was
flawless. (Participle as adjective)
 Speaking extemporaneously, he wooed the
crowd. (Participle with adverb modifier)

9. Gerund
A gerund is a verbal noun
It has the same form as present or perfect
participle but used as a noun not an
adjective.
A gerund may take an object and be
modified by an adverb or an adjective.

10. Gerund
The Gerund (V + ing)
Example
Speaking is necessary to improve one’s
English.

11. Example
Reading good books increases one’s
knowledge.
(Gerund with object)
Dancing is Tyra’s hobby.
(Gerund as subject)
Some people dislike loud reading.
(Gerund with adjective modifier)

12. Infinitive
a)
Is the form of the verb preceded by to.
It may be used as a noun, as an adjective,
or an adverb.

13. Infinitive
The Infinitive (To + verb)
Example
To speak is necessary to improve one’s English.

14. Example
Her fondest dream is to travel.
(Infinitive used as a noun)
They had a week to spend by the seashore.
(Infinitive used as an adjective)
Mariz came to complain.
(Infinitive used as an adverb)

15. Infinitive
b)
The infinitive may take an object and may
be modified by an adverb or adverbial
phrase or clause.

16. Example
To reach the volcano, they walked many
miles.
(Infinitive with object)
Photographers and newsmen tried to walk
faster.
(Infinitive with adverb modifier)