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The MMR vaccine is a live, attenuated vaccine given subcutaneously to provide protection against measles, mumps and rubella. It is recommended as a 2-dose series, with the first dose at 12-15 months and the second dose at 4-6 years. Common side effects include fever and rash. Certain high-risk groups should not receive this vaccine, including those with severe immunodeficiencies or egg allergies. There is no scientific evidence that MMR or other vaccines cause autism.
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The document discusses the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. It describes the diseases the vaccine protects against and how the vaccine was developed using weakened live viruses. The document notes common side effects of the vaccine are mild and temporary, like fever or rash, and that severe reactions are very rare. It addresses concerns about links between the MMR vaccine and autism.
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This document provides information on rubella (German measles), including:
- It is a viral disease that mainly affects children and causes a rash and lymph node swelling.
- The virus was isolated in the 1960s and a live attenuated vaccine was developed in 1967.
- Infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the baby.
- Transmission is via respiratory droplets and the infection is usually mild but can cause birth defects if a woman is infected during pregnancy.
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This document provides information on rubella (German measles), including:
- It is a viral disease that mainly affects children and causes a rash and lymph node swelling.
- The virus was isolated in the 1960s and a live attenuated vaccine was developed in 1967.
- Infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the baby.
- Transmission is via respiratory droplets and the infection is usually mild but can cause birth defects if a woman is infected during pregnancy.
- Rubella vaccination is recommended to control the disease.
MR Campaign
- The document summarizes plans for Measles Immunization Day and an MR (measles-rubella) vaccination campaign in India on March 16, 2019. It discusses measles and rubella diseases, the WHO goal to eliminate measles and control rubella by 2020, and details of the MR vaccine, including its benefits, administration, storage, adverse reactions and contraindications. The campaign aims to vaccinate over 95% of children aged 9 months to 15 years to boost population immunity against both diseases. Careful planning and coordination is underway between health departments and other stakeholders to make the campaign a success.
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Rubella
Rubella, also known as German measles, is a contagious viral infection spread through respiratory droplets from infected individuals. It causes a distinctive red rash and swollen lymph nodes. While usually mild, rubella infection during pregnancy can cause fetal death or congenital defects known as congenital rubella syndrome. There is no specific treatment for rubella, but it is preventable through vaccination.
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Measles illness during pregnancy leads to increased rates of premature labor, spontaneous abortion, and low birth weight among affected infants and also birth defects11
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This document discusses rubella (German measles). It provides information on:
- Rubella is caused by the rubivirus and affects both sexes equally, usually occurring in children aged 5-9.
- The virus enters through the respiratory tract and spreads to lymph nodes, causing a rash after 7-9 days.
- Infection confers lifelong immunity. Contracting rubella while pregnant can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the baby.
- Treatment focuses on rest, symptoms, isolation during infection period, and vaccination to prevent spread.
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Measles is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, and a red rash. While measles mortality and morbidity has decreased with vaccination, it remains a major cause of death among young children globally, especially in developing countries. The measles virus is spread through the air via coughs or sneezes. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. Prevention relies on achieving high vaccination rates of more than 95% through routine childhood immunization.
Rubella dr harivansh chopra
Rubella is a viral disease. occurrence in pregnancy can result in congenital rubella syndrome having catastrophic consequences in the newborn child. it is a vaccine preventable disease
Immunization or vaccination of children
immunization of children is essential to prevent childhood illness, morbidity and mortality. immunization or vaccination is the way of protecting child from infectious diseases.
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This document provides information on Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR). It describes the causative agents, signs and symptoms, transmission, treatment and prevention methods for each disease. Measles is highly infectious and a major cause of childhood mortality. Mumps typically causes swelling of the salivary glands. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus. The MMR vaccine provides protection against all three diseases and is an important tool for their control and elimination through vaccination programs outlined in the World Health Organization's Global Measles and Rubella Strategic Plan.
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This document discusses measles, mumps, and rubella. Measles causes a rash and is spread through respiratory droplets. It can lead to complications like pneumonia or encephalitis. Mumps causes swelling of the salivary glands and is common in children ages 2-12. It spreads through respiratory droplets. Rubella, also called German measles, causes a rash and inflammation and is spread through the air or close contact. All three diseases can be prevented through routine immunization with the MMR vaccine.
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This is a lecture by Katherine A Perry from the Ghana Emergency Medicine Collaborative. To download the editable version (in PPT), to access additional learning modules, or to learn more about the project, see http://openmi.ch/em-gemc. Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike-3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
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Rubella, also known as German measles, is usually a mild disease that often presents with a rash. Congenital rubella syndrome can occur if a pregnant woman is infected and can cause fetal death or abnormalities. Vaccination has nearly eliminated rubella in many countries through routine childhood immunization programs. Management of an outbreak involves confirmation of cases, investigating contacts, immunizing at-risk groups, and communication to increase public awareness.
Rubella
Rubella, also known as German measles, is a contagious viral infection spread through respiratory droplets from infected individuals. It causes a distinctive red rash and swollen lymph nodes. While usually mild, rubella infection during pregnancy can cause fetal death or congenital defects known as congenital rubella syndrome. There is no specific treatment for rubella, but it is preventable through vaccination.
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Measles illness during pregnancy leads to increased rates of premature labor, spontaneous abortion, and low birth weight among affected infants and also birth defects11
Mumps developed in women during the first trimester of pregnancy, leads to an increased risk for fetal death11
Rubella developed in women during preganancy may lead to Congential Rubella syndrome11
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This document discusses rubella (German measles). It provides information on:
- Rubella is caused by the rubivirus and affects both sexes equally, usually occurring in children aged 5-9.
- The virus enters through the respiratory tract and spreads to lymph nodes, causing a rash after 7-9 days.
- Infection confers lifelong immunity. Contracting rubella while pregnant can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the baby.
- Treatment focuses on rest, symptoms, isolation during infection period, and vaccination to prevent spread.
Trends in vaccination for herpes zoster (chickenpox)
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a itchy rash. A vaccine was developed in 1974 and is recommended for children and adults in two doses to provide protection. The vaccine greatly reduces the risk of infection if given within 3 days of exposure and results in a milder case of chickenpox if breakthrough infection occurs. For older adults, a new shingles vaccine called Zostavax was approved to help prevent reactivation of the virus and development of shingles. While vaccines provide protection, questions remain around the necessity of routine chickenpox vaccination.
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Rabies is classified as a direct zoonosis transmitted through bites or licks. It is a fatal viral infection of the central nervous system caused by lyssavirus. Rabies remains a major public health problem globally, though some areas are considered rabies-free if there are no indigenous human or animal cases reported for over 2 years. Clinical features include hydrophobia and aerophobia. Post-exposure prophylaxis involves wound cleansing, rabies immunoglobulin, and a course of anti-rabies vaccination to prevent onset of symptoms. Control relies on dog vaccination, restraint, and elimination of stray animals.
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Rubella+chicken pox
Rubella is a viral infection transmitted through respiratory droplets. It causes a rash and fever lasting less than a week. While usually mild, rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus, resulting in deafness, eye problems, and heart defects. Rubella virus is diagnosed through serologic tests detecting antibodies. Rubella vaccination helps prevent infection and congenital rubella syndrome.
Mumps
Mumps is an acute viral infection that typically causes swelling of the parotid salivary glands. It is spread through direct contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person. Common symptoms include painful swelling of the parotid glands, fever, and fatigue. While usually mild, complications can sometimes occur such as meningitis, orchitis, or deafness. Vaccination has significantly reduced cases, though outbreaks can still occur in undervaccinated communities.
Child Healthcare: Childhood infections
Child Healthcare addresses all the common and important clinical problems in children, including:immunisation history and examination growth and nutrition acute and chronic infections parasites skin conditions difficulties in the home and society
Childhood Immunization
Immunization protects children from deadly diseases by making their immune systems resistant. It has saved millions of lives through vaccines for diseases like smallpox, polio, measles and more. Vaccines work by exposing the body to a weakened or dead form of the disease so the immune system can build defenses. While very safe, they come with minor side effects like soreness or fever in some cases. Maintaining high global vaccination rates keeps diseases from returning and spreading to new populations.
Chicken pox in pregnancy
This document discusses chickenpox (varicella zoster virus) in pregnancy. It notes that while 90% of adults are immune, approximately 1 in 200 pregnant women will contract chickenpox. Risks to the mother include pneumonia, hepatitis, and encephalitis. Risks to the fetus include fetal varicella syndrome if the mother contracts chickenpox between 3-28 weeks of gestation, characterized by skin scarring, eye defects, limb hypoplasia, and neurological abnormalities. The document outlines management of exposed pregnant women including administration of varicella zoster immunoglobulin and acyclovir treatment if symptoms develop. It also discusses timing of delivery, risks of transmission to newborns, and
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Most HIV infections occur in Africa, where over 40 million people are infected. HIV is usually spread through sexual intercourse or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. The risk of mother-to-child transmission can be reduced through antiretroviral treatment and avoiding breastfeeding if replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, sustainable, and safe. HIV infection is diagnosed through antibody tests or PCR testing. Early diagnosis allows for earlier treatment and monitoring of infected infants.
Overview of medicine
Measles is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, and a red rash. While measles mortality and morbidity has decreased with vaccination, it remains a major cause of death among young children globally, especially in developing countries. The measles virus is spread through the air via coughs or sneezes. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death. Prevention relies on achieving high vaccination rates of more than 95% through routine childhood immunization.
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immunization of children is essential to prevent childhood illness, morbidity and mortality. immunization or vaccination is the way of protecting child from infectious diseases.
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This document provides information on Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR). It describes the causative agents, signs and symptoms, transmission, treatment and prevention methods for each disease. Measles is highly infectious and a major cause of childhood mortality. Mumps typically causes swelling of the salivary glands. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus. The MMR vaccine provides protection against all three diseases and is an important tool for their control and elimination through vaccination programs outlined in the World Health Organization's Global Measles and Rubella Strategic Plan.
Measles, mumps and rubella
This document discusses measles, mumps, and rubella. Measles causes a rash and is spread through respiratory droplets. It can lead to complications like pneumonia or encephalitis. Mumps causes swelling of the salivary glands and is common in children ages 2-12. It spreads through respiratory droplets. Rubella, also called German measles, causes a rash and inflammation and is spread through the air or close contact. All three diseases can be prevented through routine immunization with the MMR vaccine.
MMR vaccine
This document discusses the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine. It provides details on the individual vaccine components, including the virus strains used and growth media. The effectiveness of one dose of the MMR vaccine is outlined, noting most recipients will be immune to each disease. However, a small percentage may not, necessitating a second dose. Potential side effects are described as mostly mild, like fever and rash, though rare severe issues like encephalitis are noted. The benefits of the multivalent MMR vaccine over single antigen vaccines are also summarized, such as fewer medical visits required and improved vaccine coverage rates.
Vaccines
Vaccines provide immunity to diseases and contain agents that stimulate the immune system. There are several types including whole organism vaccines using killed or attenuated microbes, purified components like toxoids and polysaccharides, recombinant and DNA vaccines. Vaccines work by inducing both antibody and cellular immune responses. While effective, they also carry small risks like adverse reactions that researchers continue working to understand and improve safety.
Viral vaccines, An introduction
A introduction on Viral vaccine for medical students.Although most attenuated vaccines are viral, some are bacterial in nature. Examples include the viral diseases yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps, and the bacterial disease typhoid.
Measles
Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that spreads through the air. It begins with fever, runny nose, cough, red eyes, and small white spots inside the mouth. A rash develops 3-7 days later that spreads from the face to the rest of the body. While most people recover without complications, measles can sometimes cause pneumonia, brain swelling, or even death. The measles virus is preventable through vaccination with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Rubell ppt
Rubella, also known as German measles, is generally a mild viral illness that is often asymptomatic in children but can cause serious birth defects if contracted during pregnancy. It spreads through respiratory droplets. While rubella itself is usually not serious, infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can lead to congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus, causing defects such as deafness, heart problems, and cataracts. The rubella virus was isolated in 1962. An attenuated vaccine was developed in 1967 and is included in the routine MMR vaccine for children, helping to control outbreaks and prevent congenital rubella syndrome through herd immunity.
Bcg and hep b vaccination
Hepatitis B and BCG vaccines are given to newborns to prevent transmission of diseases. Hepatitis B can be transmitted from mother to baby during birth, so the WHO recommends giving the Hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth. The National Immunization Program in the country also recommends giving the Hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours or up to 7 days. BCG vaccine prevents tuberculosis and is given as an intramuscular injection in the upper arm to babies under 1 year old. Both vaccines have minimal side effects but can occasionally cause local reactions or mild fever.
Hep B8p
- Hepatitis B is a viral infection that causes liver disease and afflicts over 200 million people worldwide. It can be transmitted through blood or other bodily fluids and often has no symptoms.
- The hepatitis B virus was identified in the 1960s and vaccines were developed starting in the 1980s. The hepatitis B vaccine is safe and highly effective, providing protection in 95% of individuals who receive the complete series.
- In the United States, universal infant vaccination and routine adolescent vaccination have led to major declines in new hepatitis B infections. However, outbreaks still occur in at-risk populations, so the CDC recommends vaccination of all infants as well as catch-up vaccination for children and adults at high risk.
Measles
definition ,cause ,signs ,smptoms ,diagnosis ,differential diagnosis ,complications ,prevention ,vaccine
Green book-chapter-23-v2 0
Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by a paramyxovirus, characterized by bilateral swelling of the parotid glands. It spreads through airborne or droplet transmission, with an incubation period of around 17 days. Complications can include meningitis, encephalitis, orchitis, and deafness. Before the MMR vaccine was introduced in 1988, mumps was common in children and caused around 1200 hospital admissions annually in England and Wales. Two doses of MMR vaccine are now routinely recommended to provide satisfactory protection against mumps, as one dose only confers 61-91% protection.
MMR
This document discusses measles, mumps, and rubella. It describes how each disease is caused by a virus, spreads through respiratory droplets, and causes specific symptoms. Measles, mumps, and rubella can lead to severe complications and are vaccine-preventable. The MMR vaccine is recommended as a routine childhood immunization at 12-15 months and again at 4-6 years.
Thesis
This document is the thesis of Majed H. Mohammed submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Philosophy degree. The thesis studied the molecular characterization, attenuation, and inactivation of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) isolates from Malaysia for the development of tissue culture-based vaccines. Three vvIBDV isolates were propagated in embryonated chicken eggs and cell lines. One isolate, UPM0081, was successfully adapted to Vero and DF-1 cell lines after serial passage. Molecular analysis showed the virus accumulated amino acid substitutions in the VP2 gene with passage in cell culture. Passages 15 and 20 of UPM0081 were non-pathogenic but immunogenic, confer
Prevention and vaccine pediatrics
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Prevnar
Prevnar 13 is a pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine that contains saccharides from 13 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes, including serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, and 23F. It is administered via intramuscular injection in a 4 dose series at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age to prevent invasive disease, meningitis, and otitis media caused by the 13 serotypes.
Vaccination
Vaccination involves stimulating immunity in the human body against specific diseases using modified or killed microorganisms. There are three main types of vaccines: killed vaccines using normal infections; attenuated vaccines using live but weakened virus particles; and subunit vaccines using purified virus components. Vaccination reduces susceptibility to infection, can slow or stop the spread of disease, and helps protect not only those vaccinated but also the wider community. However, some viruses mutate rapidly requiring new vaccines, vaccination involves costs and trained professionals, and both mild and severe side effects can occasionally occur.
Prevnar.ppt meningitis, ottitis media, invasive disease
Prevnar 13 is a pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine approved by the FDA in December 2011. It protects against 13 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a greater number than the original Prevnar vaccine. Prevnar 13 is recommended for infants and children from 6 weeks of age to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia, otitis media, and invasive disease. It is administered as a 4-dose series in infants and children, with doses given at 2, 4, 6 and 15-18 months of age.
Viral vaccine & it’s effect awkum
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Vaccine2 hep b
The document discusses hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the hepatitis B vaccine. Some key points:
- HBV is a major global health problem that can cause acute and chronic liver disease. It is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids.
- The hepatitis B vaccine is highly effective and provides long-lasting protection against HBV infection. It has been part of routine infant vaccination programs worldwide since the 1990s.
- Vaccination is also recommended for at-risk groups like healthcare workers, injection drug users, and those with multiple sexual partners to prevent HBV transmission.
BCG effectiveness in preventing TB
This meta-analysis reviewed 14 prospective trials and 12 case-control studies to analyze the efficacy of the BCG vaccine in preventing tuberculosis (TB). The analysis found that BCG vaccination was 51% effective at preventing TB based on data from 13 trials. Case-control studies also indicated a 50% protective effect against TB from BCG vaccination. However, there was significant heterogeneity between the studies with efficacy ranging from no benefit to 80% protection. Geographic location and study validity scores explained some of the differences in results between studies.
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Standard immunizations for non pregnant a
This document provides guidelines for recommended vaccinations in Nepal. It begins with an introduction to immunization and vaccines. It then discusses the principles of immunization, including types of immunization, administration methods, safety considerations, and record keeping. The document provides detailed recommendations for various vaccines, including influenza, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis, measles/mumps/rubella, varicella, zoster, HPV, pneumococcal, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningococcal, and Hib. It notes special vaccination considerations for certain high-risk groups. In conclusion, it discusses some challenges to adult immunization programs.
Preventive medicine
This document discusses various preventive medicine topics including vaccines for MMR, influenza, meningococcal disease, pneumococcal disease, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, polio, and varicella. It provides information on indications, contraindications, dosing schedules, and evidence of immunity for each vaccine. Recommendations are given for vaccinating special populations including HIV patients, the elderly, those with chronic illnesses, international travelers, and health care workers.
Childhood immunization
This document provides guidelines for routine childhood immunizations. It recommends that all children receive vaccines for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, and varicella by 18 months of age through multiple doses. It provides specific dosing schedules and guidelines for vaccines including DTaP, IPV, MMR, varicella, pneumococcal, hepatitis A, influenza, meningococcal, typhoid, rabies, and rotavirus. It also outlines general rules regarding contraindications and precautions for vaccination.
Immunization in adults, geriatrics and paediatrics.
This document provides information on immunization in adults, geriatrics, and pediatrics. It discusses what immunization is, the history of vaccination including key figures like Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur, vaccine-preventable diseases, and recommended vaccination schedules for adults, pregnant women, infants, and children. It also covers vaccination considerations for immunocompromised individuals and provides dos and don'ts for vaccine handling, administration, and vaccination during pregnancy.
Recommended Immunization Schedules For Children And Adolescents,
The document outlines the recommended immunization schedules for children and adolescents in the United States in 2007, including details on the vaccines, ages for administration, dosage information, efficacy of the vaccines, and notable changes from previous years such as the addition of rotavirus and HPV vaccines. It provides guidance on the optimal timing and procedures for administering 16 different vaccines to help protect against various diseases.
Vaccinations along all age groups in India
This document provides vaccination schedules and guidelines for children from various health organizations. It begins by outlining the vaccination schedule for children in India from birth through age 18-19 months. It then discusses vaccination schedules from UNICEF and provides details on specific vaccines such as BCG, DTwP/DTaP, polio, hepatitis B, and others. The document discusses administration of vaccines, contraindications, side effects of the HPV vaccine, and more. It provides comprehensive information on vaccination of children.
Measles
The document discusses measles, including:
1. Measles is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus that affects virtually all children in developing countries where environmental conditions are poor.
2. While most cases are not serious, measles can cause complications like pneumonia, encephalitis, and death. It can also weaken the immune system and cause malnutrition.
3. Measles can be eliminated through high vaccination coverage with effective measles vaccines via routine immunization programs and supplemental immunization activities like catch-up campaigns for children. Maintaining high coverage is important to prevent outbreaks.
Vaccination Sp Class A
The document discusses several vaccines including DTaP, hepatitis B, and polio. It provides details on:
- What each vaccine protects against (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis; hepatitis B; polio)
- How the vaccines are administered (intramuscular injection)
- Recommended dosages and schedules for children and adults for each vaccine
- Potential side effects of each vaccine and contraindications
Vaccination Sp Class B
The document discusses several vaccines including DTaP, hepatitis B, and polio. It provides details on:
- What each vaccine protects against (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis; hepatitis B; polio)
- How each vaccine is administered (intramuscular injection)
- Recommended doses and schedules for children and adults
- Potential side effects of each vaccine
- Contraindications for who should not receive each vaccine
Vaccinationspclass 090903125222 Phpapp02
The document discusses several vaccines including DTaP, hepatitis B, and polio. It provides information on what each vaccine protects against, how they are administered, dosing schedules, who should and should not receive each vaccine, reported side effects, and safety information. For DTaP, it recommends a series of 5 doses for children and notes common mild side effects. Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all infants and certain at-risk groups of adults. The polio vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine administered via intramuscular injection with a primary series for infants and booster at age 4-6.
vaccination
The document discusses several vaccines including DTaP, hepatitis B, and polio. It provides information on what each vaccine protects against, how they are administered, dosing schedules, who should and should not receive each vaccine, reported side effects, and safety information. For DTaP, it recommends a series of 5 doses for children and notes common mild side effects. Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all infants and certain at-risk groups of adults. The polio vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine administered via intramuscular injection with a primary series for infants and booster at age 4-6.
Vaccinationspclass 090903125222 Phpapp02
The document discusses several vaccines including DTaP, hepatitis B, and polio. It provides details on:
- What each vaccine protects against (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis; hepatitis B; polio)
- How the vaccines are administered (intramuscular injection)
- Recommended dosages and schedules for children and adults
- Potential side effects of each vaccine
- Contraindications for who should not receive each vaccine
VACCINOLOGY.pptx
Vaccinology is the study of vaccines and vaccination. Vaccines work by inducing immunity through administering live attenuated, killed, or antigenic portions of infectious agents. This stimulates both the innate and adaptive immune system. Vaccination can elicit humoral, cellular, or both immune responses. Key principles of immunization include following recommended doses, intervals between live vaccines, and that missed doses do not require restarting the full schedule. The document then discusses several specific vaccines including varicella, hepatitis A, typhoid, human papillomavirus, and meningococcal vaccines. It provides details on strains, schedules, indications, and contraindications for each vaccine.
P2011
The document provides recommendations for adult immunization for various vaccines. It includes:
1) Which vaccines are recommended for adults over 19 years of age, including influenza, pneumococcal, MMR, varicella, zoster, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B vaccines.
2) The schedule for administering each vaccine, including recommended doses and timing.
3) Contraindications and precautions for each vaccine, such as previous allergic reactions, pregnancy, immunosuppression, or moderate/severe illness.
Measles FAQ
The document discusses introducing a second dose of the measles vaccine in India's routine immunization program. It notes that measles remains a major cause of death among children in India despite significant vaccination progress. Adding a second dose of the measles vaccine is expected to provide fuller protection against the disease. The document provides guidance on operationalizing the second dose, answering frequently asked questions about measles and the vaccine, and reiterating key facts about measles prevention through vaccination.
Children vaccination.docx
Children are not “mini-adults”. Each child is different from the others. Children of the same age are different from one another. Be it the pace of fine motor growth, gross motor, social or cognitive development. Childhood is a time of rapid growth and change. That’s why regular visits are important to track their growth as well as development and also Vaccination/ Immunization is also necessary for your little one. Vaccination is the most efficient way to protect children from dangerous diseases.
Dr. Chakne Hospital is the most reliable Children’s vaccination center at PCMC. It includes newborn care, Pediatric Diseases and Treatment, immunization, vaccinations, and routine health Checkups.
Immunization.pptx
Universal immunization program
National immunization schedule.Community Medicine
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Immunization special situations and AEFI
This document discusses special situations and adverse events following immunization. It provides guidance on vaccinating preterm/low birth weight infants, those receiving corticosteroids or immunosuppressive therapy, children with malignancies, congenital immunodeficiencies, chronic diseases, allergies, bleeding disorders, or acute illness. It recommends that most vaccines can be administered according to chronological age for preterm/low birth weight infants. It also provides specific guidance on contraindications and precautions for different groups.
D.G.F. Guidelines on Immunization for Indian Adolescents Girls
The document provides guidelines on immunization for Indian adolescents. It discusses how immunization is important not just for infants and children, but adolescents as well. It recommends vaccines for different age groups, including Tdap, HPV, meningococcal, and annual influenza vaccines for ages 11-12. The guidelines emphasize delivering immunization services to adolescents to protect their health and future. Barriers to adolescent immunization rates are also addressed, along with ways providers can improve communication and access to help more adolescents get recommended vaccines.
Pediatric & Adult Influenza Update 2009-10
As in the past, MPCA will again present an immunization update on influenza vaccines. Both Seasonal Flu vaccine and H1N1 flu vaccine will be included in this presentation.
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Git diseases presentn no. 2 applied nutrition
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This document provides an introduction to hematology and summarizes key topics including:
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The document discusses human excreta (feces and urine), sewage, and refuse disposal. It describes:
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- Public health risks of improper excreta and sewage disposal such as disease transmission.
- Approved methods and systems for excreta, sewage, and refuse disposal including pit latrines, septic tanks, and sewage treatment to remove pathogens and nutrients.
EXCRETA, SEWAGE, REFUSE DISPOSAL
The document provides information on excreta, sewage, and refuse disposal. It discusses the nutrients contained in human feces and urine. It describes various methods for the disposal of human excreta including pit latrines, septic tanks, and composting toilets. It also covers the treatment and reuse of sewage and graywater. The document emphasizes the importance of properly disposing of human waste to prevent disease and pollution, while highlighting the potential for waste to be used as a resource.
Fever & id diet final
1. The document discusses dietary recommendations for various infectious diseases and conditions including fever, malaria, emphysema, rheumatic fever, tuberculosis, and others.
2. For fever and infections, the recommendations are to increase calories to meet increased metabolic demands and avoid starvation, increase protein intake to correct nitrogen balance, and increase carbohydrates and fluids.
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Eating disorders
Up to 4% of adolescents and young adults suffer from eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent binge eating and compensatory behaviors like purging. Both disorders involve biological factors like changes in neurotransmitters and hormones as well as psychological and social factors like perfectionism, low self-esteem, and troubled family relationships. They have varying mortality rates, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments depending on the specific type and characteristics of each case.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Its incidence varies significantly between regions, from low rates in the United States and Africa to very high rates in parts of Asia. Major risk factors include chronic hepatitis B and C infections. Clinical features can include abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and sometimes liver biopsy. High-risk groups are screened regularly through alpha-fetoprotein testing and ultrasound. Treatment options depend on the stage but may include surgical resection, ablation, chemotherapy, and transplantation.
Eating disorders
Up to 4% of adolescents and young adults suffer from eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent binge eating and compensatory behaviors like purging. Both disorders involve biological factors like changes in neurotransmitters and hormones as well as psychological and social factors like perfectionism, low self-esteem, and troubled family relationships. They have varying mortality rates, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments depending on the specific type and characteristics of each case.
Normal sleep and sleep disorders
This document summarizes the stages and neurophysiology of sleep. It describes the four stages of non-REM sleep characterized by different brain wave patterns. REM sleep is characterized by low voltage mixed frequency brain waves. Various brain regions are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Sleep serves important restorative functions and deficiencies can cause problems like daytime sleepiness. Insomnia and other sleep disorders are also summarized.
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Tic disorder
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The document discusses various complications that can arise from cirrhosis of the liver. It describes portal hypertension, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulation abnormalities, and other hematologic abnormalities as common complications. Diagnosis and treatment approaches are mentioned for several of these conditions.
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Vax 2 A
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