CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
CHAPTER 5 : CHEMICAL BONDS
(Uses of ionic compound and covalent compound in daily life)
1. INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
2. AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
3. MEDICAL SECTOR
4. DOMESTIC USE
INVESTIGATE THE PROPERTIES OF IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND THROUGH AN EXPERIMENTMISS ESTHER
CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
CHAPTER 5 : CHEMICAL BONDS (IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND)
EXPERIMENT 5.1 TO INVESTIGATE THE PROPERTIES OF IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND THROUGH EXPERIMENT
INVESTIGATE THE PROPERTIES OF IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND THROUGH AN EXPERIMENTMISS ESTHER
CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
CHAPTER 5 : CHEMICAL BONDS (IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND)
EXPERIMENT 5.1 TO INVESTIGATE THE PROPERTIES OF IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND THROUGH EXPERIMENT
Chemical bonds- Properties of Ionic and Covalent compoundsSyed Amirul Aiman
This slide was used in the microteaching practice conducted by Dr. Denis Andrew D. Lajium for Teaching Method I (Chemistry) - TK30103.
all right reserve.
RATE OF REACTION (FAST & SLOW REACTION, AVERAGE RATE OF REACTION AND INSTATAN...MISS ESTHER
CHAPTER 7 RATE OF REACTION
CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
1. Identify fast and slow reaction
2. Define rate of reaction
3. Determine the observable and measurable changes to calculate rate of reaction
4. Average rate of reaction and instataneous rate of reaction
Chemical bonds- Properties of Ionic and Covalent compoundsSyed Amirul Aiman
This slide was used in the microteaching practice conducted by Dr. Denis Andrew D. Lajium for Teaching Method I (Chemistry) - TK30103.
all right reserve.
RATE OF REACTION (FAST & SLOW REACTION, AVERAGE RATE OF REACTION AND INSTATAN...MISS ESTHER
CHAPTER 7 RATE OF REACTION
CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
1. Identify fast and slow reaction
2. Define rate of reaction
3. Determine the observable and measurable changes to calculate rate of reaction
4. Average rate of reaction and instataneous rate of reaction
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I have described here about pH measurement Technique.Hope you have understood that what is pH and what are the pH measurement technique generally used. Thank you. You can share it. I have tried my best to provide my knowledge to you all
This features the types of chemical reactions: Combustion, Neutralization, Precipitation and RedOx Reactions.
There are sample in each of the type of reaction that can help the learners understand more about each type.
CHAPTER 6 : ACID, BASE AND SALT
CHEMISTRY FORM 4 KSSM
1. SALTS, CRYSTALS AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SALTS
2. PRODUCE SOLUBLE SALT THROUGH THE REACTION BETWEEN
a. ACID AND ALKALI
b. ACID AND METAL OXIDE
c. ACID AND REACTIVE METAL
d. ACID AND METAL CARBONATE
3. PURIFICATION OF IMPURE SALTS THROUGH RECRYSTALLISATION METHOD
4. PRODUCE INSOLUBLE SALT THROUGH DOUBLE-DECOMPOSITION REACTION (PRECIPITATION REACTION)
6.9 PREPARATION OF SALTS
CHEMISTRY KSSM FORM 4
REACTION BETWEEN ACID + ALKALI
REACTION BETWEEN ACID + METAL OXIDE
REACTION BETWEEN ACID + REACTIVE METAL
REACTION BETWEEN ACID + METAL CARBONATE
PURIFICATION OF IMPURE SALTS USINGRECRYSTALLISATION METHOD
DOUBLE DECOMPOSITION REACTION TO PRODUCE INSOLUBLE SALT
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2. 5.7.1 Compare the properties of ionic and
covalent compounds through experiment.
List properties of ionic compounds.
List properties of covalent compounds.
Explain differences in the electrical conductivity of ionic and covalent
compounds.
Describe differences in the melting and boiling points of ionic and covalent
compounds.
Compare and contrast the solubility of ionic and covalent compound.
5.7 Properties of Ionic Compounds and
Covalent Compounds
3. Ionic Compound Covalent Compound
Exists as solids at room temperature. May exists as solids, liquids or gases.
Have high melting and boiling points Have low melting and boiling points.
Conduct electricity in aqueous solution or molten state. Do not conduct electricity.
Usually dissolve in water. Usually do not dissolve in water.
Usually do not dissolve in organic solvent. Usually dissolve in organic solvent.
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds
1. Aqueous state : The substance is dissolved in water.
2. Molten state : The substance becomes ‘liquid form’ by heating
3. Organic solvents : Carbon-based substances capable of dissolving one or more other substances. Example :
Benzen, Acetone, Acetic Acid, Carbon Tetrachloride, Chloroform
4. EXPERIMENT 5.1
Aim : To study the difference in properties between ionic compounds and covalent
compounds.
Problem statement : What are the difference in properties between ionic compounds
and covalent compounds?
Materials : Solid lead(Il) bromide, PbBr2 , naphthalene, C10H8 , magnesium chloride,
MgCl2 , cyclohexane, C6H12 and distilled water
Apparatus : Test tubes, spatula, evaporating dish, Bunsen burner, pipe clay triangle,
wire gauze, beaker, 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, tripod stand, battery, switch, light bulb
and carbon electrodes
5. A. Electrical conductivity of compounds
Hypothesis : Ionic compounds can conduct electricity in molten state but not in
solid state while covalent compounds cannot conduct electricity in both states.
Variables :
a) Manipulated : Type of compound
b) Responding : Electrical conductivity
c) Fixed : Carbon electrode
Safety Precautions :
1. Naphthalene, C10H8, is a flammable substance
2. Bromine gas, Br2 produced during the heating of lead(II) bromide, PbBr2 is
poisonous
6. Procedure :
1. Put lead(II) bromide, PbBr2 powder into the crucible until half full.
2. Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 5.21.
3. Switch on the circuit and observe whether the bulb light up.
4. Switch off and heat the lead(II) bromide, PbBr2 powder until all solids have melted.
5. Switch on once again and observe whether the bulb lights up.
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 using naphthalene, C10H8 powder.
7. Record your observation on the condition of the bulb in Table 5.1.
7. Results :
Compound Physical state Condition of the bulb
Lead(II)bromide, PbBr2
Solid The bulb did not glow.
Molten The bulb glow brightly
Naphthalene, C10H8
Solid The bulb did not glow.
Molten The bulb did not glow.
8. B. Solubility of compounds in water and in organic solvent.
Hypothesis : Ionic compound dissolves in water but not in organic solvent whereas
covalent compound dissolves in organic solvent but not in water.
Variables :
a) Manipulated : Type of compound
b) Responding : Solubility of compound in water and in organic solvent
c) Fixed : Mass of compound, Volume water and organic solvent used.
9. Procedure :
1. Put half spatula of magnesium chloride, MgCl2 powder into the test tube.
2. Add 5 cm3 of distilled water into test tube and shake gently.
3. Observe the solubility of magnesium chloride, MgCl2 in water.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 using cyclohexane, C6H12 as the solvent.
5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 and substitute magnesium chloride, MgCl2 with naphthalene, C10H8.
6. Record your observations on the solubility of compounds in Table 5.2.
10. Results :
Compound Solubility in distilled water Solubility in cyclohexane, C6H12
Magnesium chloride, MgCl2
White solid dissolves in water. White solid did not dissolve in
cyclohexane, C6H12
Naphthalene, C10H8
White solid did not dissolve in
water.
White solid dissolves in
cyclohexane, C6H12
11. C. Melting point and boiling point of compound
Hypothesis : Ionic compound has high boiling point and melting point whereas
covalent compound has low melting point and boiling point.
Variables :
a) Manipulated : Type of compound
b) Responding : Melting point and boiling point of compound
c) Fixed : Mass of compound used
12. Procedure :
1. Put half spatula of magnesium chloride, MgCl2 powder and naphthalene, C10H8 into separate
test tube.
2. Heat both test tube in water bath as shown in Figure 5.23. for 10 to 15 minutes.
3. Observe and record the change in physical states and make inference of both substances in
Table 5.3.
13. Results :
Compound Observation Inference
Magnesium chloride,
MgCl2
White solid remained
after 15 minutes.
High melting point
Naphthalene, C10H8 White solid melts. Low melting point
14. Conclusion :
Discussion :
1. What type of compound is lead(II) bromide, PbBr2, magnesium chloride, MgCl2 and
naphthalene, C10H8 ?
2. Predict the electrical conductivity, solubility, melting point and boiling point of sodium
chloride, NaCl.
Lead(II) bromide, PbBr2, and magnesium chloride, MgCl2 are ionic compounds whereas
napthalene, C10H8 is a covalent compound.
Sodium chloride, NaCl is an compound. Therefore sodium chloride can conduct electricity in
molten and aqueous form, dissolve in water but cannot dissolve in organic solvent and has has
high melting point and boiling point
Hypothesis is accepted.
1. Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points, whereas covalent compounds have low
melting and boiling point.
2. Ionic compounds are usually soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents. Covalent
compounds are usually insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
3. Ionic compounds can conduct electricity in the molten state but cannot conduct electricity in the
solid state. Covalent compounds cannot conduct electricity in the solid and molten state.
16. Electric conductivity
•Based on Experiment 5.1, ionic compounds and covalent
compounds have different electrical conductivity.
•Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity in the solid state but
can conduct electricity in the molten state and aqueous solution.
•Covalent compounds cannot conduct electricity in all states
21. Solubility in Water and Organic Solvent
•Most ionic compounds are soluble in water but are not soluble in
organic solvents.
• Most covalent compounds are not soluble in water but are soluble
in organic solvents.
22. Solubility in Water and Organic Solvent
•When dissolved in water, water molecules help to overcome
electrostatic attraction force between ions and break down the
lattice structure of the solid compound. As a result, ions can move
freely in water.
23. 5.7.2 Explain with examples the uses of ionic
and covalent compounds in daily life
State the uses of covalent compounds as solvents
5.7 Ionic and covalent compounds
24. Uses of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds in Our Daily Lives
Most ionic compounds and covalent compounds used in our daily lives are in
the industrial sector, agriculture, medicine and domestic use.
25. Uses of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds in Our Daily Lives
Most ionic compounds and covalent compounds used in our daily lives are in
the industrial sector, agriculture, medicine and domestic use.
26. Uses of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds in Our Daily Lives
Most ionic compounds and covalent compounds used in our daily lives are in
the industrial sector, agriculture, medicine and domestic use.
27. Uses of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Compounds in Our Daily Lives
Most ionic compounds and covalent compounds used in our daily lives are in
the industrial sector, agriculture, medicine and domestic use.