This document discusses the periodic table and classification of elements. It defines atoms and molecules, and differentiates between elements and compounds. Atoms are the smallest particles of elements, while molecules are made of two or more atoms combined together. Elements are pure substances made of one type of atom, while compounds can be broken down into their constituent elements. The document also describes the positioning of metals, non-metals and inert gases in the periodic table, and compares the characteristics and common uses of some metals like aluminum, iron, copper, gold and silver.

1. Science Form 1 KSSM
Chapter 6: periodic table
6.1: classification of elements

2. Matter consist of atoms
• All matter is composed of extremely small particles
called atoms.
• All atoms of a given element are identical in
size, mass, and other properties. Atoms of different
elements differ in size, mass, and other properties.
• Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.
• Atoms of different elements can combine in simple,
whole-number ratios to form compounds.
• In chemical reactions, atoms are combined,
separated, or rearranged.

3. particle
with
negative
charge
particle with
positive
charge
neutral
particle with
no charge

4. molecules are neutral particles made up of
two atoms
oxygen atom oxygen molecules

5. Differentiate between atoms and molecules
ATOMS MOLECULES
Atoms is smaller particles of elements Molecules is a group of two or more
Atoms combined together so it is bigger
Atoms can not be further divide Molecules can be further divided to give
individuals atoms
Atoms can neither be seen through naked
eyes nor through magnifying microscope
Molecule not visible to naked eyes while
can be seen through magnifying
microscope
Atoms consist of nucleus (containing
proton and neutrons) and electron.
Molecule consist of combination of two or
more like different atoms chemically
bound together e.g HCI NaCl.

6. Differentiate between elements and compound
Elements Compund
Pure substances that have one type of
atom
Composed of one or more elements
Cannot be broken down Can be broken down using individual
elements using reactions.
Represent by number and symbol Represent by formula
Examples: aluminium, copper, gold, iron Examples: CH4 (methane),
H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)

7. Position of metal, non-metal and inert gases in the
periodic table

8. Different Characteristics of metals and non-
metals.
metal differences Non-metals
shiny appearance dull
ductile ductility brittle
high Tensile strength Low (break easily)
good Electrical conductivity Poor (except carbon)

9. Orders of elements that exist in nature that has
allowed people to organise them
metals uses Physical property being
applied
aluminium In making the bodies of airplane
Uses as can for drinks and fruits
Light in weight and
malleable
Light, does not rust easily,
malleable
Iron
(carbon added to
make steel)
In the form of strong steel beams
used extensively in the construction
industry
(bridges, buildings of all sort)
Strong tensile strength,
ductile and malleable and
good conductor of
electricity.
copper Electrical wires
Gas and water piping
Can be easily bend and
shape
Ductile and malleable
gold jewellery Malleable, shining surfaces
and does not rust
Silver Silverwares
Mirrors of high refletion
Ductile and malleable
shining surfaces and does
not rust