The document discusses ecological transition and urban resilience, highlighting the impact of urban areas on global economy, energy consumption, and emissions. It explores sustainability theories and approaches, emphasizing the need for systemic change in response to climate change and resource overconsumption. Additionally, it presents concepts like 'buen vivir' and resilience, focusing on community empowerment and environmental justice in the context of sustainable development.

1. Bloom Again
Cross-Mediterranean perspectives on the ecological transition
Nature Addicts! Fund Academy 2017
Nicholas Anastasopoulos, PhD Researcher, Lecturer, School of Architecture | National Technical University of Athens nanastasopoulos@arch.ntua.gr
22—27 May
Eleusis, Greece

2. URBAN
RESILIENCE
URBAN
RESILIENCE
Nicholas Anastasopoulos, PhD Researcher, Lecturer, School of Architecture | National Technical University of Athens nanastasopoulos@arch.ntua.gr

3. HABITAT III
DRAFT NEW URBAN AGENDA
18 July 2016

4. The global context
Global UrbanPopulation
1976: 37.9%
1996: 45.1%
2016: 54.5%
Cities take up 2% of the space but are responsible for:
70% of global economy
60% of energyconsumption
70% of gas emissions responsible of climate change
70% of waste

5. Anthropocene
An urbanized planet
Source: From the exhibition Τhe City of 7 Billion: A Constructed World, School of Architecture, Yale,
11/2015. http://architecture.yale.edu

6. An urbanized planet
Source: From the exhibition Τhe City of 7 Billion: A Constructed World, School of Architecture, Yale,
11/2015. http://architecture.yale.edu

7. Πηγή:
www.footprintnetwork.org
Resource overconsumption

8. Source: Weatherbell AnalyticsSource: weather.msfc.nasa.gov
Climate change

9. http://www.footprintnetwork.org/
Ecological footprint
On a practical level, the Ecological Footprint shows us how carbon emissions compare and interact
with other elements of human demand, such as our pressure on food sources, the quantity of
living resources required to make the goods we consume, and the amount of land we take out of
production when we pave it over to build cities and roads. The carbon Footprint is 54 percent of
humanity’s overall Ecological Footprint and its most rapidly growing component. Humanity’s
carbon Footprint has increased 11-fold since 1961.

10. A linear vs a closed system

11. Closed
system Linear system
Πηγή: Story of Stuff storyofstuff.org
A linear vs a closed system

12. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Medical_Physiology/Basic_Biochemistry/Metabolic_Integration https://www.zerowasteeurope.eu

13. Diagram showing the material changes during the course of its life the shell of which survives on average through seven generations (30Χ7=210),
ένα διάστημα δηλαδή δύο αιώνων. (Source: McDonough & Braungart, Green Architecture for the Future, Exhibition catalog Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, 2009).

14. Sustainability
Resilience

15. Sustainability

16. Preguntas sobre
(Birkeland 2002, 2008)
Sustainability
Sustainability is viewed by some as whole systems change
Now it is clearer that moving towards sustainability is more of a process
than a state of being. It is a social challenge that entails international
and national law, urban planning and transport, local and individual
lifestyles and ethical consumerism.
Sustainability was born as a concept in late twentieth
century, to indicate the capacity of being maintained in
existence without interruption or diminution

17. Sustainable development is a process for meeting human
development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems
to continue to provide the natural resources and ecosystem
services upon which the economy and society depends.
Do you believe in Sustainable development?

18. Environmental
SocialEconomic
Political
Multiple levels of sustainability
Diagram: Nicholas Anastasopoulos

19. Sustainability may be understood through a complexity
approach and as a characteristic of systems.
Sustainability theories COMPLEXITY

20. Development as we know it is unsustainable
Degrowth is an advocate against development and downscaling
of production and consumption—the contraction of
economies—arguing that overconsumption lies at the root of
long term environmental issues and social inequalities.
Sustainability theories

21. Connecting the dots
Climate change
Consumer life styles
Fossil fuel
based energy
production
Linear Production
methods
Economic models
based on perpetual
growth/ Capitalist
economy
Post-colonial
geopolitical structures
Diagram: Nicholas Anastasopoulos

22. Political Ecology understands all environmental problems
as essentially political problems. They can be explained as
conflicts of power and control over resources.
Political ecology attempts to provide critiques as well as
alternatives in the interplay of the environment and
political, economic and social factors. Robbins asserts that
the discipline has a “normative understanding that there
are very likely better, less coercive, less exploitative, and
more sustainable ways of doing things” (2012).
Sustainability theories

23. Source: Scientific American

24. People careFair share
Sustainability theories
A philosophy and practices of working with, rather than
against nature; of protracted and thoughtful observation
rather than protracted and thoughtless labor; and of looking
at plants and animals in all their functions, rather than
treating any area as a single product system.

25. Ecuador, as an Andean country, began to re-interpret human,
economic, social, cultural and environmental rights based on a concept
and vision of the world born in the ancient societies of the South
American Andes region: Sumak Kawsay. P16
Sustainability theories

26. Buen Vivir
Objetive 1: “Consolidate the democratic state and the construction of popular
power
Objetive 2: “Encourage equality, cohesion, inclusion and social and territorial
equity in diversity ".
Objetive 3:"Improve the quality of life of the population".
Objetive 4:“Strengthen the capacities and the potential of citizens”.
Objetive 5:“Build spaces for common meeting and strengthen national identity,
diverse identities, plurinationality and interculturality”.
Objetive 6: “Consolidate the transformation of justice and strengthen integral
security, in strict respect for human rights”.
Objetive 7: “Guarantee the rights of nature and promote territorial and global
environmental sustainability”.
Objetive 8: Affirm and strengthen national identity, diverse identities,
plurinationality and interculturality
Objetive 9:Guarantee the validity of rights and justice
Objetive 10: Ensure access to public and political participation
Objetive 11: Establish a social, solidary and sustainable economic system
Objetive 12: Building a Democratic State which promotes the principles of Good
Living

27. Resilience

28. The ability of a system to cope with change.
The power or ability to return to the original form, position, etc., after being
bent, compressed, or stretched; elasticity.
The ability to recover from illness, depression, adversity.
Resilience

29. New York (Steady) State
Research project examining methodologies for turning
New York into a closed system of resources (water,
nutrition and energy management)
(Source: Terreform/ http://www.terreform.info)

30. Food and water
resilience

31. Pro-active Urban farming collective| Vrilisia, Athens2011-
Urban

32. Social resilience

33. Communal house
Indigenous
community
Tola Chica, Tumbaco
Quito, Ecuador

35. Energy resilience

36. Source: http://www.zdnet.com/

37. Συγκριτικός πίνακας χαρακτηριστικών πράσινης ανάπτυξης και πρωτοβουλιών
μετάβασης
ΣΥΜΒΑΤΙΚΗ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΠΡΑΣΙΝΗΣ
ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ
ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΙΚΗ ΜΙΑΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΒΟΥΛΙΑΣ
ΜΕΤΑΒΑΣΗΣ
Δεν προσθέτει ανθεκτικότητα Προσθέτει ανθεκτικότητα
Συγκεντρωτική ανακύκλωση Οικιακή / τοπική κομποστοποίηση
Αισθητική φύτευση δέντρων Παραγωγική φύτευση δέντρων
Εισαγόμενα «πράσινα» υλικά και αγαθά Προτεραιότητα σε τοπικά υλικά και αγαθά
Συμβατική λογική καταναλωτισμού Μείωση κατανάλωσης, ανταποδοτικότητα και
επαναχρησιμοποίηση
Διανομή οργανικών προϊόντων από τη διεθνή
αγορά
Ενεργός υποστήριξη τοπικής παραγωγής και
ειδικά σε αναδυόμενες και νέες επιχειρήσεις
Conventional Ecology Strategies of the transition movement
Pesonal behavior Collective behavior
problem as a specialized issue Holistic approach to the problem
Pressure tools: protests, campaigns, political pressure Change tools: public participation, eco-psychology, cultural and
creative education
Theoretical tool: Sustainable development Theoretical tool: Resilience / adaptability and restoration at the local
level
The average person as the problem The average person as the solution
Prevailing psychology: Fear, guilt and shock as dominant emotions
that motivate mobilization
Prevailing psychology: Hope, optimism and willingness to take
initiative as dominant feelings that motivate mobilization
Campaigns-umbrellas on general issues Targeted collective interventions
One level engagement Multiple level engagement
Source: The Transition Handbook: From Oil Dependency to Local Resilience, Rob Hopkins & Richard Heinberg, Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008.
The Transition Movement

38. New York (Steady) State

39. https://www.facebook.com/geitonia.svolou/

42. Thank you!