Concept of sustainable development is given by elaborating its pillars and principles.

2. Sustainability means meeting our own needs without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainability
is our society's ability to exist and develop without depleting all of the
natural resources needed to live in the future.

4. Sustainable development was a term first coined in 1980.
World Conservation Strategy: a union between three prominent environmental
non-governmental organizations
IUCN ( International Union for Conservation of Nature ) ,
WWF (World Wildlife Fund)
UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)
where sustainable development took on the meaning of ‘conserving the earth’s
natural resources.
What the World Conservation Strategy had realized is that with the world’s economic
growth, came the near-sighted exploitation of the world’s natural resources.
The original, and sole, intent of the World Conservation Strategy was to bring nations
together to stop the exploitation of natural resources, which in turn was negatively
affecting the environment.

5. The term sustainability is broadly used to indicate programs,
initiatives and actions aimed at the preservation of a particular
resource.

6. Human sustainability aims to maintain and improve the human
capital in society. Human sustainability examples include things
such as access to :
Food,
Water,
Healthcare,
Education,
Justice,
Fair working conditions,
Development of skills,
Respect for human rights in general.
Human sustainability aims to fulfil people's needs
and aspirations, while empowering them to
contribute to positive change. Secondly, it argues
that human well-being is interdependent on the well-
being/ happiness of other living beings and the
environment.
HUMAN SUSTAINABILITY

7. Social sustainability is about making sure
that communities and societies can thrive
and continue to exist in a healthy, fair, and
equal way. It focuses on improving
people’s quality of life, fostering strong
relationships, and ensuring everyone has
the chance to fulfill their potential.
The 5 principles of social sustainability are
(1)Social equity and justice,
(2)Diversity and inclusion,
(3)Democratic participation
and empowerment,
(4)Livelihood security,
(5)Social well-being and quality
of life.

8. Economic sustainability is the
meeting the economic needs of
the present without diminishing
the economic needs of the future.
Our current economic system is
not sustainable. It does not
effectively provide for the
economic needs of most people.
Economic sustainability refers to
practices that support long-term
economic growth without
negatively impacting social,
environmental, and cultural
aspects of the community.

9. Environmental sustainability
is the responsibility to maintain
an ecological balance in our
planet's natural environment
and conserve natural resources
to support the wellbeing of
current and future generations.
Renewable energy, such as
solar, wind, hydroelectric, and
biomass, crop rotation, crop
cover, and smart water
usage.
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

10. •Think twice before shopping.
•Ditch plastic and switch to reuse.
•Take extinction off your plate.
•Simplify the holidays.
•Choose organic.
•Ditch fast fashion and animal-based textiles.
•Be water wise.
•Drive less, drive green.
•Green your home.
•Boycott products that endanger wildlife.
•Fight for the right to choose when and if to start a family.
•Take action. Use your voice.

13. Living within environmental limits
is one of the five principles of
sustainable development. But the
practical meaning of ‘living within
environmental limits’, and our
methods to achieve it, have not yet
been articulated clearly. It is easy
to talk about environmental limits,
and many of us accept that such
limits must exist.

14. This means meeting the
diverse needs of all people in
existing and future
communities, promoting
personal wellbeing, social
cohesion and inclusion, and
creating equal opportunity.

15. Economic sustainability is the
practice of conserving natural and
financial resources to create long-
term financial stability. A system
that's sustainable can last far into
the future with minimal negative
impacts. Alternative energy
sources, such as wind power, solar
power and hydropower, can offer a
more sustainable, clean and
affordable solution to energy
needs.

16. Good government depends on an ability
to exercise power, and to make good
decisions over time, across a spectrum of
economic, social, environmental and
other areas. Good governance aims
towards betterment of people, and this
can not take place without the
government being accountable to the
people. It uses six dimensions of
governance for their measurements,
Voice & Accountability, Political Stability
and Lack of Violence, Government
Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of
Law, and Control of Corruption.

18. The UK’s Shared Framework for Sustainable Development,
adopted in 2005 was:
‘Using sound science responsibly’.
Gathering the science/knowledge and assessing its
soundness is only one step in determining the way forward.
This knowledge has to be applied ‘responsibly’. Decisions
about environmental policies must be based on the
scientific evidence and an analysis of technological options,
but they must also take into account risks and costs, and be
informed by values. The responsible use of sound science
is a fine principle to follow, but leaves many questions to
be answered.

21. Technology can help make cities more sustainable by improving energy
efficiency, reducing emissions, and enhancing mobility. Smart city
technologies such as intelligent lighting, building automation, and traffic
management can improve the quality of life for urban residents while
reducing environmental impact.

22. Concept of Sustainable Development: Importance
The goals of sustainable development were first adopted by the United Nations
Member States in 2015. The concept of sustainable development aims to
encourage the use of products and services in a manner that reduces the impact
on the environment and optimizes the resources in order to satisfy human
needs. To understand why sustainable development is the need of the hour, take
a look at the following key pointers that elucidate upon its importance:

23. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND AWARENESS AT ALL LEVELS
Environmental education is crucial for students as it
develops a sense of responsibility towards the
environment. Students learn about the importance
of reducing waste, conserving energy, and
preserving natural resources. Environmental
education allows individuals to explore
environmental issues, engage in problem
solving, and take action to improve the
environment. As a result, individuals develop a
deeper understanding of environmental issues
and have the skills to make informed and
responsible decisions.

24. Marginal land, known as pasture land
and grassland, is an area getting little to
no water. Such land has low quality of
soils. High mountains, steep slopes
barren and/or rocky lands are
marginalized lands. In some cases,
marginal land is created from degrading
arable lands while growing crops.
Revegetation is done by replanting
vegetation and rebuilding the soil of
disturbed land for the main purpose to
rehabilitate or protect degraded land.
WOODLAND AND REVEGETATION ON MARGINALISED LANDS

25. Ecologically compatible human settlements
Large cities and towns use
extensive land areas, which alter the
natural state of land, degrade
environmental integrity, fragment
ecosystems and threaten
biodiversity. Taking into account the
diversity of land resources and regions
in a country, it is necessary to work for
the highest possible population
distribution throughout the country.
The adverse urbanization effect might
be reduced and, consequently,
sustainable development will be
supported. Besides, land resources
might be developed more effectively,
the fact having a positive effect on the
sustainability as well
(Rastyapina, Ganzha & Prokopenko,
2020)

26. HEALTHY CROPLAND AND GRASSLAND
Grassland soils generally contain more
nitrogen, potassium and organic matter
and less phosphorus than cropland soils.
Grasslands can be natural, made up of
indigenous species and managed with
few external inputs. Or, they can be
temporary, used in rotation, alternating
between cropland and grassland and
intensively managed.

27. TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL WASTES
•Crop residues: stalks, leaves, husks, and straw that remain after harvesting
wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, and others
•Animal manure: feces, urine, and bedding materials
•Agrochemical containers of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers
•Leftover feed: grains, forages, and other feed materials
•Harvest and processing waste: fruit peels, vegetable trimming, damaged or
rejected produce, and byproducts from food processing
•Packaging materials: plastic bags, cardboard boxes, and containers
•Green waste: trimmings, prunings, plant debris, leaves, branches, and grass
clippings

30. Benefits of Sustainable Development
Here are some of the pivotal benefits that can be reaped by implementing the concept of sustainable development:
•Global Equity: Environmental benefits need to equitably distributed over the present and future generations.
•Ethical Guiding Principle: Incorporation of the characteristics and values that most people associate with ethical
behaviour democracy, equality or social justice.
•Physical Sustainability: Recognisation of the limits to nature and striving towards an overall global ecological balance.
•Intergeneration Equity: Environmental resources and economic welfare should be available for future generations at
least equal to the present ones.

33. DEFRA, One Future – Different Paths: The UK’s Shared Framework for Sustainable
Development (2005), 8.
O A Rastyapina et al 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 962 042003.
Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, Twenty-first report: Setting Environmental
Standards (1998, Cm 4053), 113.
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