The document summarizes some of the main characteristics of Greek art in different areas. It discusses the emphasis on proportion, balance, and referencing the human form in architecture, sculpture, and other art forms. Some key points are that Greek architecture featured the orders of columns (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian), temples were the most important buildings and had specific parts, and sculpture evolved from the archaic to classical periods focusing increasingly on naturalism and idealized representations of the human body and myths.

2. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEK ART:
• Proportion  Relationship between the parts of a whole.
• Visual balance  Sense of unity, order, and equilibrium.
• Reference  Human body.
• Looking for beauty.

3. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
- Human scale  Not massive dimensions.
- Use of optical illusions for keeping the proportions and the lines to the eye.
- Material: marble.
- Many different types of buildings.
- Double-sloped roofs
• Tympanum (space in the centre of the triangle  decorated)

5. - Columns  Orders: rules for the distribution and proportions of the parts of the
building.

6. DORIC:
Simple, with no base
1. Pediment  With tympanum.
2. Entablature  Cornice, frieze with
trigliphs and metopes (with relieves),
and architrave.
3. Column
a) Smooth capital
b) Shaft
c) No base.
4. Platform  Stepped.
2
3
4
a)
b)

7. IONIC:
Lighter, taller and more decorated.
1. Pediment  With tympanum.
2. Entablature  Cornice, smooth frieze
with relieves and architrave.
3. Column
a) Capital with volutes.
b) Tall shaft.
c) With base.
4. Platform  Stepped.
2
3
4
a)
b)
c)

8. a)
b)
c)
2
3
4
CORINTHIAN:
Very ornate, decorative. The last to
appear
1. Pediment  With tympanum.
2. Entablature  Cornice, smooth
frieze with relieves and
architrave.
3. Column
a) Capital with acanthus
leaves.
b) Tall and thin shaft.
c) With base.
4. Platform  Stepped.

11. TEMPLES:
- Religious function, dedicated to the gods.
- Held the statue of the god.
- Most important type of building.
- On a platform.
- Rectangular floor plan (some circular temples too, called tholos)  Side = 2 x front + 1
- Parts: 1- Platform; 2- Colonnade (Peristyle); 3- Pronaos; 4- Naos (Cella); 5- Opistodomos
(Back part of the house).
* If surrounded by one row
of columns: peripteral.
• Depending on the
columns in the front:
• 4: tetrastyle
• 6: hexastyle
• 8: octastyle…

15. *Parthenon
5th c. BCE
Dedicated to Athena

17. *Erechtheum
5th c. BCE
Dedicated to Athena
and Poseidon.

19. *Temple of Athena Nike
5th c. BCE
Dedicated to Athena Nike.

20. *Temple of Olympian Zeus (Athens)
2nd c. BCE

21. *Temple Hera (Paestum, Italy)

22. THEATRES:
- Civil architecture, for entertainment.
- Built on the slope of hills.
- Parts: stands, orchestra (for the choir) and stage.

23. * Theatre of Delphi

24. TOMBS:
- Funerary architecture.
* Mausoleum in
Halicarnassus

25. STADIA (SG: stadium)
* Panathenaic
Stadium

26. MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS
Human form  Ideal of
beauty, proportion and
balance  Canon.
Males: nudes.
Material: Stone (marble)
Themes: gods, heroes,
athletes, mythological
scenes, fights, etc.
* Polycletus * Lysippus

27. ARCHAIC
7th-6th centuries BCE
CLASSICAL
5th-4th centuries BCE
HELLENISTIC
3rd century BCE onwards

29. ARCHAIC SCULPTURE
- 7th and 6th centuries BCE.
- Rigid figures, schematic.
- Archaic smile  Flat, unnatural.
- Kouroi (SG: kouros  athletes) and
kourai (SG: koré  female)
* Peplos Kore
6th century BCE
* Anavyssos Kouros
6th century BCE

30. CLASSICAL SCULPTURE
- 5th and 4th centuries BCE.
- Naturalism, realism, balanced
movement… looking for beauty.

31. 5th BCE:
* Myron – Discobolous.

32. 5th BCE:
* Phidias: Parthenon  Tympanum and Frieze.

35. 5th BCE:
* Polycletus
Diadumenus
Doryphorus

36. 4th BCE:
* Lysippus
Hermes
Apoxyomenos

37. 4th BCE:
* Scopas
Ares Ludovisi
Apollo Kitharoidos

38. 4th BCE:
* Praxiteles –
Hermes and
Dionysus.
Venus Braschi
Aphrodite of
Knidos

39. HELLENISTIC SCULPTURE
- From the 3rd century BCE
onwards.
- Greater movement and emotions.
- Dramatic scenes

40. * Nike of
Samothrace
* Aphrodite
of Milos

41. * Laocoon and his
sons