Uk media publishing

2. Operating model
These are
owners of Bauer
media. For
example ‘Paul
Keenan’ is the
manager of
Bauer media
These are the
key people of
Bauer media, for
example Paul
Keenan is the
CEO of Bauer
media.
https://www.bauermedia.co.uk

3. Ownership structure
Bauer magazine was founded in Hamburg in 1875 and is now currently is in its
fifth generation of family ownership
the Bauer Media Group operates in 19 countries including the UK, Germany,
Poland, Australia, New Zealand and the USA and has 11,000 employees
worldwide. Bauer in the Uk reach over 25 million consumers a year which is an
outstanding figure which therefore connotes how Today we are Britain’s biggest
magazine publisher; Our Women’s Weekly magazines include ‘take a break’,
which has been for a longtime the UK’s best-selling women’s weekly title, but
recently Bauer have released a new magazine which is called ‘modern gardens’
for a target audience for people who enjoy spending their time in there garden.
Sourced from : www.bauermedia.co.uk/about/our-company

4. Genre
The genre of this magazine article of Jay Z is a hip hop/ rap type of music
this is significant as Q magazine has a huge range of magazine genre
therefore there is a different genre for all different people, this is an
important factor for a magazine as it then means there are more people
following Q magazine as a whole which overall means they will become
better as a whole and will make more money. As you can see in the table
below Rock music is the most popular music genre stated in 2013 this is
significant because Q magazine most popular genre is rock music.
https://www.statista.com/chart/1783/album-sales-in-the-us-by-genre/

5. Bauer Media is a European-based media
company, headquarters is located in Hamburg
manages a more than 600 magazines, 400 digital
products and 50 radio and TV stations around the
world. Bauer was invented in 1875 and has an
amazing figure of employees:11,000 which was
reported in 2013, furthermore this connotes that
their target audience is vast world wide, in the uk
Bauer has sold their products to 30 million
customers.
Source: https://www.greatmagazines.co.uk/q-magazine
Q magazine is a very
popular music magazine
published regularly in the
united kingdom. Q first got
published by EMAP Q was
first It was founded in in
1986 by Mark Allen and
David Hepworth. They
published their first
magazine in October 1986.

6. Associated products
Associated
products to Bauer
are magazines that
are stated in the
picture for example
‘garden news’ and
‘golf world’.
Baeur media
ownership model
consists of 107
brands across a
range of media
platforms, such as
other magazines,
radio stations and
TV. Bauer media is
associated with big
radio stations like
absolute radio.

7. Ownership structure
Bauer magazine was founded in Hamburg in 1875 and is now
currently is in its fifth generation of family ownership
the Bauer Media Group operates in 19 countries including the
UK, Germany, Poland, Australia, New Zealand and the USA and
has 11,000 employees worldwide. Bauer in the Uk reach over 25
million consumers a year which is an outstanding figure which
therefore connotes how Today we are Britain’s biggest magazine
publisher; Our Women’s Weekly magazines include ‘take a
break’, which has been for a longtime the UK’s best-selling
women’s weekly title, but recently Bauer have released a new
magazine which is called ‘modern gardens’ for a target audience
for people who enjoy spending their time in there garden.
Sourced from : www.bauermedia.co.uk/about/our-company

8. COMPETITORS OF ‘q’
Advantages disadvantages
Mojo Age range is different to q magazine,
therefore they will have different
target audience
Have a larger circulation.
Lower readership and
circulation compared to Q
magazine.
Vibe They have a higher circulation than Q
magazine
Q magazine has been around
for longer therefore, more
experience .
Kerrang! They have a higher percentage of 15-
24 year olds in their target audience.
Lower readership and
circulation than Q magazine.

9. Deconstruct a front cover
Strapline ‘Awards special edition’
which is a superlative to make people
want to buy and read the magazine to
see what is hidden inside. The verbal
code special connotes they are
providing you with exclusive
information therefore this will attract
the audience to want to read the
magazine.
Convergence: The convergence in Q magazine could convey
that they want people to visit their website by adding a web
Main image: the main
image in the magazine is a
medium close shot this
could illustrate a star
appeal which could attract
people to view the
magazine.
Masthead: The Q magazine logo
only has one letter which makes it
stand out more. Also it is red which
makes it stand out more. The
detonation of the q mast head
connotes that the songs that Ed
Sheeren song are mainly about love
which could anchor the the red
masthead and the red Ed Sheeran
writing.
Puff promotion: The 50 albums of
2014 will attract people to read the
magazine and see who is in the top
50. This is significant as it
symbolizes ways that magazines
attract people to come and read
their magazine over others.

10. Content
Q magazine has a content page to keep the target
audience interested in their magazine and allowing them to
get involved this is insinuated by a section in the page
called ‘Qmail’ where the audience can get involved by
asking questions about the magazine to the publisher.
Furthermore there is also cover story to tell the audience a
bit of information about the story's that are going on in the
magazine. Also there is a cover story placed in the content
page which conveys to the audience that they are telling a
story about the person who is featuring in the magazine
this is significant because this makes the reader want to
read on if they are interested in the specific person. Lastly
there is a big subscription box which may attract the
reader to subscribe and get a magazine delivered to their
door step once a week.
Subheading
is exactly
stating what
the article is
about.
Subline is a
article that
states what the
article will be
about
Content title

11. Form and style
The denotations of the Q magazine of ‘Adele’ is significant as Q the
magazine publisher always uses red and white in all of their magazine
articles which could convey that all of there music is about love and
romance, this could be because the publisher wants the magazine to try
and make them look as professional as possible by using the same colors
which are also symbolic as well. The magazine publisher uses ‘star
appeal’ to attract people to come and read the magazine; this is because
Adele is on the front therefore people use Adele as a role model as she is
a famous pop artist who is loved by many people. The magazine always
has a barcode which also states the price in small writing this could be
because some people may not see it until they eventually go to buy it and
then they may not care as much of how much the price rather than before
when first looking at the magazine. Lastly the reason why all the
conventions are similar on all magazines maybe because it will make it
easier for customers that read Q magazines on a regular basis.

12. Deconstruct a Double page spread
The drop capital has
been used to illustrate to
the reader when to start
reading. What colour
scheme is this presented
in? Is this the house
style of the magazine?
The pull quote” I’m
bringing Ginger back’
stands out to the
reader making the
reader feel like they
would want to read
on as they want to
know what is going to
happen next.
The Q magazine iden on
the bottom reminds the
reader the brand
Identity of the magazine
whilst they read through
the magazine.
The non-verbal code of
the main image of Ed
Sheeran standing in
front of the famous
landmark, which is
symbolic as he has his
hands in pockets like
nothing is happening.
The PUFF box is
advertisement of Ed
Sheeran new album,
even though it is
separate from the
article it is still trying to
promote his new
music.

13. Brand ideology/ethos
The denotation of the strap line is “the uk’s biggest music
magazine”.
This connotes how Q is progressing as they are getting more
and more famous by every music magazine that’s gets
published magazine has a strap line which is stated on the
top of the magazine, which connotes that the editor of the
magazine is trying to increase their target audience to
increase the popularity of how many people read their
magazine. Therefore this means that they want as big off
audience as possible to make as much money of the
magazines as possible. Alternatively the non-verbal code of
the main image is a picture of the famous Cheryl Cole who is
a well known famous artist whom has a lot of fans. Her
presence denotes an element of ‘star appeal’ (‘Richard dyer)
to the reader, which is common on most front covers that Q
publish.

14. House style and Colour Scheme
Colour Scheme
My color scheme for $tackz magazine I prefer is Red, Black and grey. This is
because I liked the look of Q magazines magazine which is the same colors and
it looked very clean and smart looking so I decided to do the same. My colour
scheme for my RapCity magazine is going to be red, black and white. I chose
white because this will furthermore keep my magazine professional as this is a
neutral colour, also the colour white contains an equal balance of all the colors
of the spectrum
Font Style
The font style I am using is Obelix pro for main headings and titles. This is
because it goes with my rap theme and for people who don’t already know
the magazine, when they first see it this will help them to tell what genre the
magazine is, this is due to the fact that the font looks a bit like graffiti but a
neater version which could convey to the audience that my genre of my
magazine is rap. This font also looks very unique which is what I wanted on my
magazine.

15. Summary of ideas
Genre: the genre of my magazine is going to be hip hop/rap only. This is
because I want to have my target audience from the age of 16-to around 25
and most people in this age group do listen to this genre of music.
Colors: the colors that I will be using in my magazine will be red white and
black which will symbolize dark and a sinister lifestyle which will be good for
a genre of rap and hip hop.
Target audience: the target audience of my magazine article will be 16-
25.This is because the majority of people at that age will be listening to rap
style of music this is significant as this will be my target audience as well.
Price of my magazine: The price of my magazine will be around £3.50 this
is due to the fact that my inspiration XXL is around £4.80 so my article will
have to be cheaper so it sales on the market
Size: The size of my magazine will be A4 so that I am not changing the
wheel and my magazine should sell as it is cheap and the same as any
other magazine.
RapCity and $tackz

16. Target audience
The target audience of this q magazine would be people who are in to pop music
and enjoy love and romantic songs. The target audience for Ed Sheerans music
would be more addressed at young adults aged from around 16-30 years of age.
According to Hartley's theory stereotypically pop music is addressed to mainly
females and maybe some boys that enjoy love and romantic type of music, the
music in the magazine illustrated in the picture in the right reflects that older
people may not listen to pop music.
According to the socio economic needs the audience would best fit in
E,D,C2 and C1 . This is because the target audience are aged 16-30
therefore if a reader is 16 years old this possibly means they are
unemployed are still in education so they would relate to the E category the
25 -30 year olds would best fit c2 and c1 because they would have more life
experience and higher end jobs.

17. Target Audience
According to Katz uses and gratifications the audience would be able to
‘personally identify’ with the star appeal(Richard Dyer) Ed Sheeran
because they are well known artist in the music industry and the artist
appeals to the target audience age 16 -30. They will also be able to
personally identify with some of the stories inside of the magazine
especially the interviews where the artist talks about their hobbies and
interests. Furthermore the audience will be able to divert from everyday
situations such as work by reading the magazine that will entertain (Katz)
them. The magazine will inform and educate(Katz) the reader of new
music information and will keep the reader updated.
According to Maslow the target readership would be survivors because
they will like the security and routine of knowing that the magazine will
be produced monthly for their entertainment.

18. Target audience
• The target audience of my magazine will be aged from around 16-25(Hartley)this is due to
teenagers and people in their early 20’s are big fans of rap genre, this is significant because
the more people that like rap genre then the more people will be purchase my magazine
article due to the fact that they enjoy listening to rap music. Therefore I am aiming my
magazine article at people from 16-25. According to Katz uses and gratifications the
audience will be able to ‘personally identify themselves with their ‘star appeal’(Richard
Dyer).They will also be able to ‘personally identify’ stories in the magazine from the artists
where they talk about their hobbies and interests. Furthermore the audience will be able to
divert from everyday situations such as work by reading the magazine that will entertain
(Katz) them. The magazine will inform and educate(Katz) the reader of new music
information and will keep the reader updated.
• According to Maslow the target readership would be survivors because they will like the
security and routine of knowing that the magazine will be produced monthly for their
entertainment. Social climbers is when the audience are driven by improving their status in
society. This is important because it gives the audience confidence and a drive to do well in
life. XXLs target audience will fit in to the social climbers because they will like to read about
the top music artists, this will therefore improve their status in society.

19. Target Audience continued
Psychographics
• Psychographics - the study and classification of people according to their
attitudes, aspirations, and other psychological criteria, especially in market
research. Psychographics is all about stereotyping and what sort of people
get put in to specific genre category considering their personality,
appearance, how they dress and how they act. For example the consumers
of Q magazine is mainly men which can be seen by the Q reader where it is
stated that 68.3% of the consumers are all men and the other 31.7% are
women. Furthermore these men who are consumers of Q magazine will be
mainly people who enjoy rock music, so therefore the majority of them
could have long hair and like wearing black colors which is because whilst
listening to rock it is a dark and chilling atmosphere which is why the color
black is insinuated.

20. Demographics
Age Appeal: The age appeal of Q magazine will most stereotypically be people from 15-24 as you can see it states
that there are 35.5% of all of the readers who are from age 15-24. Also there is a high majority of people who are from
the age of 24-35 which could connote that the from the age of 15-35 they like the genres that are included in all Q
magazine article.
Gender: The main gender of q magazine articles is men with a high percentage of 68.3% in comparison to women
who have only 31.7% which could symbolize that women don’t like the genres found in all Q magazine article, I think
that this is important as more people would like Q magazine overall due to the fact that there isn’t just one genre found
in every article there is a whole different range. For the socio economic needs table, the readers are from the groups
ABC1 which the majority of Q magazine readers are people with higher management, bankers, lawyers which will be
the upper class side of people. Also from category B there are readers like teachers, people from the media industry,
and lastly C1 which would be people like office supervisors, managers, nurses who are still upper class people. Overall
this conveys that most people who are Q magazine readers are in the upper class section in the socio economic needs
table.

21. Deconstruct a Double page spread
The drop capital has
been used to illustrate to
the reader when to start
reading. Usually the drop
capital is the same font
as the mast head on the
front cover.
The pull quote” I’m
bringing Ginger back’
stands out to match the
connotation. This
therefore will attract the
reader to read the
article because it will be
an interesting quote
that they will want to
read.
The Q
magazine
logo on the
bottom
reminds the
reader the id
entity of the
magazine
whilst they
read through
the magazine
The main image of Ed
Sheeran standing infront
of the famous landmark,
this is symbolic as he
has his hands in
pockets like nothing is
happening.
The PUFF box is
advertisement of Ed
Sheeran new album,
even though it is
separate from the
article it is still trying to
promote his new
music.

22. Market position
• Q magazine publish more than 30 magazines with all different types of genres,
working out overall to produce over 35 million magazines a year
• Bauer media have 3 of their published magazines in the top of the best
magazines in the United kingdom, which are: Q magazine, Mojo and Kerrang.
This ‘signifies’ (De Saussure) that Bauer media are are very well known as a
whole. This is significant as this can convey to the audience how well known
Bauer Media are and how well they are doing as they have three of their
magazines in the top 5 in the UK.
• Q magazine is way ahead on the leaderboard of the most published magazines
with an outstanding figure of ‘158,271’ magazine sold in a year which could
convey that Q magazine is the best magazine that Bauer Media have ever
published.
https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/a
ug/17/pressandpublishing.circulationfigures
4

23. Technological convergence
Q magazine has ‘Facebook’ which they will keep their target audience posted on new
up coming magazines. This is illustrated by q magazine having ‘120,883’Likes on their
Facebook page this is because everyone in society uses social media so therefore this
is where q magazine gets a lot of there fans from. Also on the Facebook page they
advertise new magazine that have been released recently which informs the audience
which magazines are coming out or have just come out, this conveys that that they may
have fans who regularly check up on the Facebook page to see if there has been any
magazines recently dropped. This Technological convergence could be seen as as
advantageous due to the fact as they may get more people purchasing each magazine
every time that they get published.
https://www.facebook.com/Q
magazine/

24. Technical convergence continued
Bauer Media reach over 22 million UK adults every week with new magazines,
this is because they use convergence in order to gain people to gain interest in
new and upcoming magazines. Bauer media do use synergy in multiple ways to
connect to their fans. As you can see in the above picture, they also have twitter
which could connote that they love to keep their customers/audience updated with
new magazines that will be upcoming, which therefore means more people will be
waiting on new magazines to come out and then they will sell more overall. Bauer
Media’s twitter page has 11.7 thousand followers which could insinuate that it is
successful and they are still updating the page to today point so therefore it must
be working well.
https://twitter.com/bauermedia?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwca
mp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor

25. Synergy
• Synergy is the simultaneous release of different products to boost both. Synergy can be used most
often by bigger companies which work together to promote linked products across different
media.
• Q magazine use social media such as Facebook and Twitter to publish their magazine company as
much as possible they do this by sharing and re-tweeting their own brands. Furthermore this
allows them to advertise their company as much as possible. This is illustrated by q magazine
having ‘120,883’Likes on their Facebook page this is because everyone in society uses social media
so therefore this is where q magazine gets a lot of there fans and customers from. Also on the
Facebook page they advertise new magazine that have been released recently which informs the
audience which magazines are coming out or have just come out, this conveys that that they may
have fans who regularly check up on the Facebook page to see if there has been any magazines
recently dropped. This could be seen as as advantageous due to the fact as they may get
more people purchasing each magazine every time that they get published.
• http://www.slideshare.net/jphibbert1979/synergy-6807548

26. Website annotations
Q magazine has its own available e-media
website for people to watch videos on there
website which will attract people to visit it as
there is videos that are available to watch;
unlike any normal hard copy which are
produced every month which makes q
magazine a very unique music magazine that
it is. Furthermore this will increase the
amount of customers that get brought to the
q magazine website as they now have such
a big target audience so there is a different
genre for each person who reads their
magazine articles. Also on Q magazine
website there is a ‘win’ section which attracts
the audience to visit this section of the
website.
furthermore, the denotations of the Q
magazine website has a ‘interview’
section which informs and educates
the reader about artists who have been
published on the magazine, this is
significant because there is a lot of
information on the website page for all
customers to read.

27. Competitors• Ipc media: IPC media is a similar institution to Beuer media group. IPC media are a worldwide
company that have global offices.
• Hearst Media: was invented in 1910 and is a British fiction magazine. It is also a very large magazine
company which is why its competitor is Bauer Media as they are a big company as well.
• Future PLC: They are are an international publishing group and leading digital business. Set up in
1985 with a single magazine, Future has grown to a portfolio of over 200 print titles, apps, websites
and events. They Approximately 500 people work across our offices in the UK, USA and Australia.
• https://www.hearst.com/magazines/digital-media
• https://www.myfavouritemagazines.co.uk/about-us/

28. Form and style
The denotations of the Q magazine of ‘Adele’ is significant as Q the
magazine publisher always uses red and white in all of their magazine
articles which could convey that all of there music is about love and
romance, this could be because the publisher wants the magazine to try
and make them look as professional as possible by using the same colors
which are also symbolic as well. The magazine publisher uses star
appeal to attract people to come and read the magazine; this is because
Adele is on the front therefore people use Adele as a role model as she is
a famous pop artist who is loved by many people. The magazine always
has a barcode which also states the price in small writing this could be
because some people may not see it until they eventually go to buy it and
then they may not care as much of how much the price rather than before
when first looking at the magazine. Lastly the reason why all the
conventions are similar on all magazines maybe because it will make it
easier for customers that read Q magazines on a regular basis .

29. Katz’ Uses and gratifications - dps.
• In the Katz theory for Uses and Gratifications the magazine I am doing: Q
magazine, has lots of interviews and opinions of people so it must be
informing and educating the reader, however it does still keep you
updated on upcoming artist who will be featuring in the next magazine
articles. The quotation in the double page spread “I’m bringing Ginger
back” ‘informs’ (Katz) and educates the reader what Ed Sheeran is trying to
get at in this double page spread from the Q magazine issue.

30. Retail outlet

31. Retail outlet(2)
• Q magazine is a very popular magazine
article company, which is illustrated by the
shops that it is sold at for example Q is
sold at Sainsbury's, Tesco, Asda and Great
Magazines this is symbolic as these shops
are the biggest and most popular shops in
the United Kingdom and Q magazine is
sold there.

32. Audience Theory Hartley
Age: Q magazine appeals to young adults from 18-30 year olds
because the genre is hip hop and stereotypically refers to young adults
who like the genre of hip hop.
Gender: Q magazines usually refer to majority of males as the
percentage of male to female is 78% and female is 22%
Class: Q magazine appeals mainly to a working class audience
because of the price of the magazine such as some of the ‘star appeal’
(Richard dyer).
Ethnicity/Nationality: British and American therefore the magazine is
mainly for white people.

33. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is about how people get motivated by
something or someone when they are trying to achieve a goal this
is significant as it helps their progression. Also there are four
segments of the maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Firstly there are
social climbers which is where the audience are driven by
improving the status in the hierarchy of needs in society, and
caregivers is when the audience gin sympathy for a characters
situation. Pernutimetly, explorers is where the audience are driven
by social change in a magazine. Also lastly, survivors is where the
audience want character to be safe as they have gained a bond
with that specific character.

34. Production process
In this email I have wrote to the publisher of the magazine article
Bauer Media asking them about their production process of
publishing a magazine, but I am hoping on a reply with a answer to
give me more information to answer my question.
Furthermore, I have realized how vast Bauer Media is and that I won’t get a
reply.

35. Production process
• Date of publication- When the magazine is finished and when the publisher wants it to be released to the general
public. Then they will need to produce a schedule about the production process and when each of the process will
occur.
• Managing the schedule-This is the most significant task there is in the production process of a magazine. If the
publisher wants there magazine to be published at the best standard possible then. The schedule should be made in a
way of an action of providing or supplying something for someone to use, just in case a accident occurred during the
process then they can still meet the deadline.
• Editorial and budgetary decision- the next step that occurs in the production process of a magazine is the
content/editorial decision. The editorial decisions is the topics that get decided in the next issue of the magazine. They
talk about various contents that will be upcoming in the next magazine. After thinking about what articles or topics,
stories on the news and photographs that will be used in the magazine. Then they look at the budget they have to
spend on the overall production of the magazine process.
• Content- Content needs to be decided inside the magazine and this is a very important step because without content
they wouldn’t of been able to publish the whole magazine in the first place. Content is therefore is very significant. Not
only content but photographs need to be decided for the content which the graphics are designed with a computer
program.
• Sub-editing- Sub editing focuses on one major thing which the quality control on the magazine as a whole. Quality
control focus focus on checking the accuracy of facts in the article, marking sure spelling, grammar and punctuation is
accurate in the magazine and making sure that articles follow the house style.

36. Production process continued
• Page layout- Normally there is a specially team that focus on the page layout for the
magazine which they call themselves layout staff. There job is to make sure that the
page layout is perfect for the whole magazine.
• Proofreading- Now they will print out a hardcopy of the magazine and check if
everything in the magazine is correct, any mistakes that are found get corrected on a
DTP file instantly and then are corrected.
• File emailed to printer- The whole magazine is sent to the printer and then printed of
after proofreading the magazine.
• Distribution- This is the last stage in the whole of the production process of a
magazine.
http://hosbeg.com/the-magazine-
production-process/

37. Advertisers
The adverts that are found in the Q magazine will be seen as them
trying to advertise artists that feature in their magazine, them trying
to advertise their new albums that are coming out or that have
already been released which will furthermore, boost the artists
album and also will boost how many people view q magazine due to
the artist releasing their music in the magazine. Also there are other
forms of advertisement in q magazine which can be seen as
promoting a business in the magazine which Q magazine will have to
charge the business weather they want to use colour or not, there
advertisement will stay up for a month which is a long advertisement
process. Advertising in Q MAGAZINE is not only cost - effective, it
makes great Business Marketing sense.

38. Target audience
• The target audience of my magazine will be aged from around 16-25(Hartley)this
is due to teenagers and people in their early 20’s are big fans of rap genre, this is
significant because the more people that like rap genre then the more people will
be purchase my magazine article due to the fact that they enjoy listening to rap
music. Therefore I am aiming my magazine article at people from 16-25. According
to Katz uses and gratifications the audience will be able to ‘personally identify
themselves with their ‘star appeal’(Richard Dyer).They will also be able to
‘personally identify’ stories in the magazine from the artists where they talk about
their hobbies and interests. Furthermore the audience will be able to divert from
everyday situations such as work by reading the magazine that will entertain
(Katz) them. The magazine will inform and educate(Katz) the reader of new music
information and will keep the reader updated.
• According to Maslow the target readership would be survivors because they will
like the security and routine of knowing that the magazine will be produced
monthly for their entertainment

39. Deconstruct a double
page spread
The color of this double page
spread article is significant as the
colors are black and white which
is the same color of his suit which
could anchor the text and also
symbolize that Rick Ross is the
king of hip hop.
It is a interesting factor how the
picture of Rick Ross does take up
half of the double page spread. In
the image it looks like Rick is
celebrating. I presume that this is
because he is the man of the year
in the hip hop industry, this is
indicated by him holding a bottle of
champagne and balloons behind
him. The size of Rick in the image
could also insinuate how famous he
is in the music industry and he is
celebrating this by drinking
champagne.
at the start of the article there is a
drop capital which is much larger
then all of the other letters, this
could be because it is a important
article about him, this creates a
point of interest that draws the
readers eyes to the article.
At the bottom of the page of the double page spread, the name of the
photographer and the author of the article, this is to make sure that
they are credited in the magazine article.
The mast head ‘
man made’ could
symbolize that Rick
Ross is a superior
person compared to
other people due to
his career in hip
hop, this is
significant as the
mast head draws
peoples eyes which
makes them want
to read the article to
see why it says
‘Man made’.

40. FREE SHEET
• A free sheet is a newspaper/magazine that gives local
news and information, and in which local businesses
can advertise. The newspaper is free/ paid for by its
advertisers, you will usually find these newspaper being
distributed in busy areas, such as railway stations,
shopping centers usually located in London.
• A example of a free sheet will be metro, Evening
standard the London paper and more.
• This therefore means that if you would want your
company, business to be advertised it will cost more
money due to the fact that the newspaper is free so
therefore more people will read them.
• http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/free
sheet

41. RED TOP TABLOID
• The term "red tops" refers to British tabloids with red mastheads, such as 'The Sun',
the Daily Star, the Daily Mirror, the Daily Record and the Daily Sport. These
Newspapers are suitably name after their distinguishing bright red color at the top of
the magazine. The typical measurements of a red top tabloid will be seen as 11 x 17
inches and contains five columns across which is much narrower than a normal
broadsheet newspaper.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/m
edia/press/red-top-redemption-why-
tabloid-journalism-matters-
2318346.html

42. BROADSHEET
• A broadsheet newspaper is the largest
newspaper format and is characterized by
long vertical pages, broadsheet
newspapers are around 29.5 inches by 23.5
inches. The newspapers also have a very
different style of audience. This is because
broadsheet newspapers are filled with large
amounts of writing and pictures. The
broadsheet newspapers have formal
language inside and they inform the reader
more about harder news that goes on in
the world rather than soft news this could
be due to the fact that more people who
read newspapers would rather read about
harder news than soft news.Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/broadsheet-
and-tabloid-newspapers-2074248

43. CHOSEN NEWSPAPER, 'THE
SUN'
I have selected 'The Sun' newspaper due to its
popularity, 'The Sun' has 2,207,662 which is the
popular newspaper circulation In the Uk. 'The Sun'
newspaper is a red top tabloid and uses soft news in
its newspaper which could be a reason for its
popularity. 'The Sun' newspaper is sold at a very
cheap price of 40 pence which is a very affordable
price for the audience which is the working class.
This is essential because if you sell a newspaper at
an affordable price then this will lead to more
customers purchasing the newspaper.
https://www.thesun.co.uk

44. REASONS FOR THE NAME ‘'THE SUN'’
• The name ‘'The Sun'’ connotes to the fact that 'The Sun' is orange which is a very bright
colour which could demonstrate happiness, which could attract people to want to buy a
newspaper due to the fact that they may think that the articles inside the paper could be
seen as nice enjoyable articles that everyone will want to read. Also another connotation why
'The Sun' is the name for the newspaper could be because 'The Sun' is orange and they used
this is because they may see that there newspaper company may have a bright future
meaning that they may become even more popular than what they are. Lastly 'The Sun' that
is on the earth today rises in the morning which could demonstrate that their newspaper is
rising in popularity slowly as this is what 'The Sun' does.

45. HISTORY OF THE NEWSPAPER
'The Sun' newspaper was established in 1964 which is 53 years ago, this is
essential because this can convey to the audience that 'The Sun' has a lot
of experience in attracting the audience to come and read their newspaper
instead of others, which could be a reason why they are one of most
popular newspapers in the United kingdom. 'The Sun' magazine was
originally released as a broadsheet newspaper, Which furthermore
changed to a tabloid newspaper in in 1969.
15 April 1989, Many Liverpool fans dislike 'The Sun' newspaper as at the
Hillsborough tragedy where many fans at the match died due to the
police letting too many fans in which wasn’t meant to be there, this then
escalated quickly, where 'The Sun' journalist wrote a article about the day
and blamed it all on the fans; which furthermore annoyed many fans who
still dislike the newspaper now
'The Sun' had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the united
Kingdom but in the late 2013 it slipped to second largest newspaper which
the Daily Mail overtook. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million
copies in March 2014.

46. Codes and Conventions Denotation and Connotation of
Newspaper
Advert: The advert has been
placed just under the masthead
because the masthead is going to
be bringing in a lot of attention
anyway so this way the advert
will also get a lot of attention.
The advert talks about a 2 for 1
holiday which is interesting for
the reader because that is a good
deal.
Masthead: The masthead is a bright red colour because
it stands out from the rest of the magazine. The rest of
the magazine could have been made dark because they
wanted the masthead to stand out.
Lead Story: The main story is
about Muslims sympathy for
jihads. The background is
completely black with a
person in the bottom corner
holding a knife. This is going
to be appealing to the reader
because from the image they
know what the article is going
to be about and the mage is
interesting. ‘ 1 in 5 Brit
Muslims' sympathy for jihadis’
could Illustrate to the
audience that Muslims are
taking over England and giving
sympathy for ‘jihadis’ where
they maybe the people who
are causing this conflict.

47. Codes and Conventions Denotation and Connotation of Newspaper
Main image: the main image is
of a jihadi. The image is
surrounded with a black
background and then the main
image of the person has been
placed in the bottom right. The
person is holding a knife and is
looking at the knife. They would
have chosen this image because
the reader would have seen this
image and would have wanted
to read on.
Secondary Lead: the
secondary lead is
another article in the
newspaper that has
been placed on the
cover. The secondary
lead normally uses
bright colours or an
image that is going to
gain attraction from
readers. This
newspapers is an image
of a woman in a bikini
that is going to gain the
readers attention.

48. Denotation and Connotation of Newspaper Double Page Spread
Headline: The headline is in
big bold writing ‘BUT I DIDN’T
KILL MADDIE’. This is a very
appealing headline because
the reader can see this article
is about someone who has
been killed or has been
suspected for killing someone.
Also the word madeleine is
going to attract people to read
on because she has been
missing or suspected killed for
the past many years.
Page number: the page number is always in the top corners
or the bottom corners because that way the reader can
easily know what page they are on without having to go
back to the contents page.
Statistics: the statistics on
this page are to the left of
the left page. By having a
statistics paragraph the
readers can understand
the article more and to
inform the reader about
what it Is about.
The copy: the copy is something they normally add
over the main image and it is usually small amounts
of information about the article. The copy on this
page would be the 4 Yes’ on the main image.
The language that is used in this newspaper article could
illustrate to the audience that this man may have something to
do with the death of ‘Maddie’ for example the verbal code
‘but’ could illustrate to the audience that this man featuring in
the article has something to do with the death, because he is
stating ‘but’ which means that he was involved in something.

49. Denotation and Connotation of Newspaper Double Page Spread
Associated Images: The associated images are a drawn image that
has been attached to another picture of the man. They have also
been placed facing the same direction. The photos have been
placed there because it explains how the drawing is a lookalike of
the suspected killer and how this man looks just like the drawing.
Associated Images: The
associated images are a
drawn image that has
been attached to another
picture of the man. They
have also been placed
facing the same direction.
The photos have been
placed there because it
explains how the drawing
is a lookalike of the
suspected killer and how
this man looks just like
the drawing.
Captions: Captions within the newspaper are normally over the
main image. They are also there to provide more information
to the reader about the image and what it connotes. Opening
Invitation: The
opening
invitation is
the start of the
article and it is
always put in
bold to show
the reader
where it is and
where you
should start
reading.

50. 'THE SUN' CIRCULATION FIGURES
• 'The Sun' in 2000 had a circulation figure of 3.5 million
copies sold, which is a extremely high amount of
newspapers which was sold that year. This number had
dramatically dropped over the years from 2006 where it
has dropped by 500,000 copies in only 6 years; this is a
huge decrease in newspapers for 'The Sun' newspaper
as they have lost 500,000 copies which they sell there
newspapers at around 40 p so in total over the years
they may have lost around £200,000 in total. Furthermore
the circulation figures have still dropped from 2006- 2012
from 3 million copies to just below 2.5 million copies
which is a big decrease, this overall can convey that 'The
Sun' newspaper is falling as a whole slowly and slowly.
Source:
https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/ne
ws/2016/thestoryofth.png

51. GENRE
The genre for 'The Sun' newspaper is a complete
variety, this is due to the fact that if there is more
genres then more people will be interested in
reading the newspaper. 'The Sun's genre includes
sports such as football rugby cricket etc., politics,
and a huge variety of differently celebrity’s
lifestyles, which is a huge attraction for for the
audience. This is because If 'The Sun' only had one
genre then this will could be because not everyone
likes the same genre, so if 'The Sun' only had one
genre then they would not be as popular than
what they are, which is why 'The Sun' newspaper is
one of the most popular newspaper in the united
kingdom

52. PRICE
• There is a variety of prices for 'The Sun'
magazine from 40-50 p per newspaper
which is a very cheap price. The Person
who chooses the price of 'The Sun'
newspaper would of chose this because it
is cheap and the cheaper the newspaper is
the more copies of the newspaper they will
be able to sell. This is essential because if
they move their price up to 60 pence then
this could lead to customers not wanting to
buy their magazine anymore as it maybe
more expensive than any other.

53. TARGET AUDIENCE- USES AND
GRATIFICATIONS(KATZ)
The readers may be able to ‘personally identify’ with
‘'The Sun'’ newspaper because this will allow the
audience/reader to be able to read real life articles
which have been happening on a day to day basis in real
life. Also the audience will be able to read celebrity's
personal stories about their lifestyle and their problems
that occurred in their life, which a lot of readers will be
entertained by this due to the fact that they are celebrity
and readers will be interested with their issues and life
stories. Furthermore this conveys that the newspaper will
entertain the audience through stories which will help
the audience top escape the reality of life. Also the
newspaper will educate the audience by giving them
information on the government and politics which they
will be able to learn new information that the may not
already know.

54. TARGET AUDIENCE KATZ CONTINUED
• Katz’ theory: according to Katz 'The Sun' Newspaper will ‘inform and educate’ the
audience. This is through using interesting language and images in order to attract the
audience into reading the text. For example within the Newspaper it consists of interviews
with famous people that are well known, the use of well known celebrities attracts more
people that are interested in the specific celebrity. Furthermore if the newspaper use well
known people then people will enjoy reading the article more, this is how the magazine is able
to inform and educate the audience. The use of interesting images creates a diversion for the
audience because it is enabling them to sit and read an interesting magazine and escape
reality for the duration of reading the magazine.

55. AUDIENCE THEORY HARTLEY
Age: 'The Sun' appeals to adults because newspapers
are old technology where as the younger generation will
download a news app on a phone, so therefore they
have to spend as much money buying newspapers every
Gender: 'The Sun' usually refer to majority of males as the
percentage of male to female is 78% and female is 22%
Class: 'The Sun' appeals mainly to a working class audience
because of the price of the magazine such as some of the
‘star appeal’ (Richard Dyer).
Ethnicity/Nationality: 'The Sun' newspaper usually refers to
people who live in the United Kingdom and only gets
released in the uk so therefore it is targeted a people who
work and live in the Uk

56. TARGET AUDIENCE HARTLEY
CONTINUED
• Hartley’s: Hartley's theory highlights that my magazine should consider Age, gender,
class, ethnicity, self-image, nation and family. They should make sure that the
magazine getting published is age appropriate to younger people whop read the
magazine, this means no sign of gore or sexual images. It is also very important that
they consider different races before publishing the magazine this is because there
might be some controversial language used that might offend certain people
of their race or ethnicity. Another thing that it says s gender and self image. These are
really important because there might be contexts that could make people feel they
lower than other people because they are a male or female. Also people might look
their self differently after looking at a model in an image

57. MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF
NEEDS
• Maslow's theory mentions 4 different potential outcomes for a reader
after reading a magazine these are; social climbers, care givers,
explorers and survivors. Social climbers is when the audience are
driven by improving their status in society. This is important because
it gives the audience confidence and a drive to do well in life.
Caregivers is when the audience sympathies with the characters
situation. This is important because it gives the audience a chance to
escape reality and be engrossed into a magazine. Firstly there are
social climbers which is where the audience are driven by improving
the status in the hierarchy of needs in society, and caregivers is when
the audience gin sympathy for a characters situation. Furthermore,
explorers is where the audience are driven by social change in a
magazine. Also lastly, survivors is where the audience want character
to be safe as they have gained a bond with that specific character.
This is important because it gives the audience a chance to escape
reality and be engrossed into a magazine. Survivors is when the
audience members want security and routine. This is important
because they have security knowing that the magazine will be
published on a set date.

58. WEBSITE ANALYSIS
'The Sun' newspaper
has a sports column
because this will
increase the amount of
people want o read the
newspaper. This is
because they are
increasing the variety
in genre which will
increase their
customers as if there
is more genres in the
newspaper more
people will read it
The website for 'The Sun' also has a television section which could that the use high
technical convergence which could illustrate that they are doing very well due to the
technical products that they are using.
Advertisement- there is an
advertisement for NHS to help the
population cut down or stop
smoking, this is essential as this
can convey to the audience that if
'The Sun' newspaper are
advertising ‘The NHS’ then this
could therefore symbolize that 'The
Sun' is popular enough to be
advertising for the NHS and trying
to stop the population from falling ill
from smoking.

59. WEBSITE ADVERTISEMENT
Advertisement- there is an
advertisement for NHS to help
the population cut down or stop
smoking, this is essential as this
can convey to the audience that
if 'The Sun' newspaper are
advertising ‘The NHS’ then this
could therefore symbolize that
'The Sun' is popular enough to
be advertising for the NHS and
trying to stop the population
from falling ill from smoking.
This is essential because the
government will have told 'The
Sun' newspaper to do this.
Also there is an
advertisement to win
£1000 which will attract
people to want to buy the
newspaper as they may
feel like they have a
chance to win that money
that has been advertised
on the front of the
newspaper. 'The Sun'
have done this to try an
attract a specific audience
who will believe that they
will be that specific
person who will win that
£1000

60. TV ADVERT
• The sun TV advertisement is talking about given roles in a community and about how much help a
community gets if everyone puts a little in. For example helping the bin men bring the bins closer so they
can get their job done quicker. This connotes not only helping the bin men but this will furthermore
increase the help rate in that given community which will overall change the community as a whole if
everyone helps a little. This specific advert on YouTube only has 17,000 views but this still does convey tha
some people do appreciate the advert and clearly have tried to help out. Also there are comments under
the advert saying why does this not occur in every community which does illustrate that this will help a lot.
The code and conventions of this advert could convey to the audience that this man is illustrating ‘the suns’
audience by him being at the front and all of the sun’s audience behind. This does Convey to the audience
that if everyone in a community helps a little it will results in a bigger thing. The man in the advert is
demonstrating ‘The suns’ stereotypical reader of the sun.
This advert also does convey to the audience that in this community no matter who you are, what authority
you have and what job you have you can get involved and help out, also furthermore conveying that anyone
can get involved in this newspaper so this is trying to attract people to want to read this newspaper article
‘stating that whoever you are, you can get involved with this newspaper and be interested in the featured
articles.

61. COMPLAINT
PROCEDURE
• 'The Sun' newspaper is fairly simple
complaint procedure, if a reader of 'The
Sun' is offended by one of their
newspaper articles then they way that
they would be able to complain, would be
to email ombudsman@thesun-co.uk an
the individual will want o make a
complaint through the post then they
would have to send the complaint to- The
Ombudsman, 'The Sun' 1 London Bridge
street, London, SE1 9GF.

62. NEWS VALUES – ‘GALTUNG AND RUGE’
'The Sun' newspaper uses the theory ‘Galtung and
Ruge’ which would be seen as 'The Sun' using front
cover stories that will be negativity which will be
seen as bad news which could attract a specific
audience who may want to know what has occurred,
also THRESHOLD / MAGNITUDE which will be an
event that is bad and things occurring on a large
scale. Furthermore in this magazine 'The Sun' use
the story that 1,200 people have been killed by
mental patients which may shock the audience, this
being on the front cover may make the audience
want to know what is happening in the world today.
Also 'The Sun' newspaper use mass appeal which is
things that touch mass population pursuits.

63. FRONT COVER ANALYSIS- ‘GALTUNG
AND RUGE’
Firstly, ‘the Sun’ newspaper use stories that are optimistic due to the fact that
the customer will get attracted to reading the article because they can see that
this news article is very alarming due to the people who are featuring in the
article. Everyone in the the uk know what is going on with the terror attacks
that are occurring at the moment so therefore this conveys to the audience
that they want to know what is going on in the Uk. Also ‘ The sun’ is published
in the United Kingdom, so by them saying ‘1 in 5 Brits’ draws people who live
here into buying the magazine because they are from England so therefore
they would like to know what is going on. The theory ‘Galtung and Ruge’ could
be illustrated in this article by the use of THRESHOLD / MAGNITUDE which
will be an event that is bad and things occurring on a large scale , this is
because this article is talking about disasters that are occurring in the world
from terror attacks so this can demonstrate to their audience that these people
are life threatening when they do their fatal acts which take people’s lives
away.

64. ETHICAL AND LEGAL
ISSUES
• The independent press standards organizations(ipso) who are an independent regulator who
set out rules and regulations that media companies are in competition with. We hold
newspapers and magazines to account for their actions, protect individual rights, uphold
high standards of journalism and help to maintain freedom of expression for the press. They
hold newspapers and magazines to account for their actions, protect individual rights,
uphold high standards of journalism and help to maintain freedom of expression for the
press.
• The ASA is a non-statutory organization and so cannot interpret or enforce legislation.
However, its code of advertising practice broadly reflects legislation in many instances.
• If 'The Sun' newspaper get reported for ethical and legal issues in their newspapers then
this could furthermore lead to to the sun getting fined for using someone else's work
without asking them, if this escalates more then ‘The Sun’ could get shutdown if they carry
on copying peoples work.

65. CITIZEN JOURNALISM
• Citizen journalism is when individuals do what professions reporters do, which will be seen as
reporting information or news. 'The Sun' newspaper will have a section in the newspaper called
‘citizen journalism’ where this is where anyone from the audience will be able to send in any
articles and photographs and the publisher of the newspaper may insert them if they think they are
valid enough to be in the specific newspaper for that day. This will make that specific newspaper
article more stronger because people from the audience may have contributed to that newspaper.
This can be seen as unique because not every newspaper would allow you to do this. This could
relate to 'The Sun' newspaper contact page where they want you to send in articles that will be
worthy of being in a newspaper that 'The Sun' will be publish, this furthermore will relate to a theorist
called ‘Dan Gilmor-2004’ where he stated the internet has encouraged the emergence of ‘citizen
journalism’ This photograph below may illustrate ‘citizen journalism’ as a whole because there are
several civilians in this image that are trying to help this individual that has been hurt, this is
significant because a civilian would have taken this photograph of their mobile phone and this will
convey ‘citizen journalism’ because they would of earn money of this photo of an injured person that
has been attacked, also this photo may have gone viral in newspapers, on the news ect so therefore
this will be seen as citizen journalism as a civilian would have taken this photograph and this image
would have gone viral.

66. SOCIAL MEDIA AND VIDEO
SHARING(YOUTUBE)
'The Sun' newspaper’s YouTube account currently has around 15,000 subscribers, considering this
is only YouTube and this isn’t a big part of 'The Sun' newspapers social media links, but therefore
they still have 15,000 people subscribed to the YouTube channel and will be alerted for every video
that 'The Sun' newspaper release. Also they even have subscribers on YouTube even though they
are a newspaper releases. This furthermore could convey to the audience that 'The Sun'
newspaper use technical convergence in YouTube, this could be due to the fact that they can’t show
their videos in the newspaper so therefore they use YouTube instead to boost their Audience. This is
because if it is breaking news and people in the audience don’t really understand why it is is
breaking news and what is really going on, but now they can just go on to the YouTube channel and
watch the breaking news on the channel.

67. IPSO EDITORS CODE OF PRACTISE
• Privacy- This is when the editor has to be careful about what they are writing about someone and
they don’t expose any sensitive information. The code says that ‘Everyone is entitled to respect for
or her private and family life, home, health and including digital communications’ so this means that
an editor mentions any of this they can take action against them. For example ‘'The Sun' newspaper’
magazine cannot expose any private confidential information about artists, because if they do this
specific artist could get that company sacked because they ill try make money of that information
this will get the newspaper more sells in that specific day.
• Harassment- This is when the editor or journalists cannot engage in any form of intimidation or
harassment. This includes not persist in asking questions, telephoning and if they are on someone's
property and they are asked to leave they have to leave. For example a ‘'The Sun' newspaper’
cannot force someone into doing an interview with them otherwise they could be persecuted, this is
essential because if an individual would not like to be interviewed then the interviewer will have no
rights to carry on.

68. IPSO EDITORS CODE OF PRACTISE-
CONTINUED
• The Code- the system of voluntary self-regulation to which they have
made a binding contractual commitment. It balances both the rights of
the individual and the public's right to know.
• Accuracy- This is when the media company has to make sure that what
they are publishing is accurate towards the IPSO guidelines. However if
the company is inaccuracy when this must be corrected or they have
write an apology. However the publisher could be sewed by the
they have accused if they have no evidence of what they say.
• https://www.ipso.co.uk/editors-code-of-practice/

69. ACCURACY- THE SUN
• The sun state on their website, that the try to keep their accuracy as high as possible, but
on the day of 15 April 1989, Many Liverpool fans dislike 'The Sun' newspaper as
there was a historical Hillsborough tragedy where many fans at the match
died due to the police letting too many fans in which wasn’t meant to be there,
this then escalated quickly as it was way to overcrowded in the stadium and
people was stuck in the stands too long. 96 people died on this day and
around 766 people were injured, overall this is where accuracy comes in
because the police blamed the tragedy on the fans, but why did the police let
all the fans in if they already knew it was overcrowded. The sun newspaper
wrote articles on this stating that all the blame was on the fans due to their
behaviour and way to many people entering than they should of.

70. UNIT 30 –UK MEDIA PUBLISHING
IN Unit 30 I have learned an outcome of understanding print based products of the ‘The
Sun’ newspaper. I have been analysing previous Newspaper Double Page Spreads of
previous Sun papers. By looking at these I have realised how ‘The sun’ draw people in to
buying there newspaper, for example exaggerating events such as the Tragic
Hillsborough event, which gained them millions of buys, but this isn’t good in the long
term for ‘The sun’ as many people stopped buying their newspaper due to hatred FOR
EXAMPLE ‘LIVERPOOL’ fans will never buy that newspaper due to the sun blaming them
for the disasters instead of the police whose fault it was.