UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Product cycle- Design process- sequential and concurrent engineering- Computer aided design –
CAD system architecture- Computer graphics – co-ordinate systems- 2D and 3D transformationshomogeneous
coordinates
- Line drawing -Clipping- viewing transformation-Brief introduction to CAD
and CAM – Manufacturing Planning, Manufacturing control- Introduction to CAD/CAM –CAD/CAM
concepts ––Types of production - Manufacturing models and Metrics – Mathematical models of
Production Performance
computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) refers to computer software that is used to both design and manufacture products. ... CAD/CAM applications are used to both design a product and program manufacturing processes, specifically, CNC machining.
computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) refers to computer software that is used to both design and manufacture products. ... CAD/CAM applications are used to both design a product and program manufacturing processes, specifically, CNC machining.
Fundamentals of CAD/ CAM, Application of computers for Design and Manufacturing, Benefits of CAD/ CAM - Computer peripherals for CAD/ CAM, Design workstation, Graphic terminal, CAD/ CAM software- definition of system software and application software, CAD/ CAM database and structure
Introduction, Conventional and Revised with CAD/CAM Product cycle, Application of computers to the design process, comparison of capabilities of designers and computers, Reasons for implementing CAD, Benefits of CAD, CAD workstation,
Fundamentals of CAD/ CAM, Application of computers for Design and Manufacturing, Benefits of CAD/ CAM - Computer peripherals for CAD/ CAM, Design workstation, Graphic terminal, CAD/ CAM software- definition of system software and application software, CAD/ CAM database and structure
Introduction, Conventional and Revised with CAD/CAM Product cycle, Application of computers to the design process, comparison of capabilities of designers and computers, Reasons for implementing CAD, Benefits of CAD, CAD workstation,
UNIT V ACTUATORS AND MECHATRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN ravis205084
UNIT V ACTUATORS AND MECHATRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN 9
Types of Stepper and Servo motors – Construction – Working Principle – Advantages and
Disadvantages. Design process-stages of design process – Traditional and Mechatronics design
concepts – Case studies of Mechatronics systems – Pick and place Robot – Engine Management
system – Automatic car park barrier.
UNIT III PROGRAMMABLE PERIPHERAL INTERFACE ravis205084
UNIT III PROGRAMMABLE PERIPHERAL INTERFACE 9
Introduction – Architecture of 8255, Keyboard interfacing, LED display –interfacing, ADC and
DAC interface, Temperature Control – Stepper Motor Control – Traffic Control interface.
Introduction to Mechatronics – Systems – Concepts of Mechatronics approach – Need for
Mechatronics – Emerging areas of Mechatronics – Classification of Mechatronics. Sensors and
Transducers: Static and dynamic Characteristics of Sensor, Potentiometers – LVDT – Capacitance
sensors – Strain gauges – Eddy current sensor – Hall effect sensor – Temperature sensors – Light
sensors
Unit 5 -cellular manufacturing & fmsravis205084
Group Technology(GT),Part Families–Parts Classification and coding–Simple Problems in Opitz Part
Coding system–Production flow Analysis–Cellular Manufacturing–Composite part concept–Types of
Flexibility - FMS – FMS Components – FMS Application & Benefits – FMS Planning and Control–
Quantitative analysis in FMS
Standards for computer graphics- Graphical Kernel System (GKS)- standards for exchange imagesOpen
Graphics Library (OpenGL)- Data exchange standards - IGES, STEP, CALS etc. communication
standards.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
3. SYLLABUS
Product cycle
Design process
Sequential and concurrent engineering
Computer aided design – CAD system architecture
Computer graphics – co-ordinate systems- 2D and 3D
transformations - homogeneous coordinates
Line drawing -Clipping- viewing transformation
4. SYLLABUS
Brief introduction to CAD and CAM
Manufacturing Planning, Manufacturing control
CAD/CAM concepts
Types of production
Manufacturing models and Metrics
Mathematical models of Production Performance
5. CAD
CAD was introduced by Dr. Ivan Sutherland in 1963-1964
CAD
1. Geometric Modeling
2. Design Engineering
3. Computer Graphics
CAM
• 1. Network
• 2. Cad
• 3. Manufacturing
6. Product cycle
The cycle through which a product goes from
development to retirement is called product life
cycle.
The product cycle starts with developing the
product concept, evolving the design, engineering
the product, manufacturing the part, marketing
and servicing.
The product undergoes the following two main
processes
Design process
Manufacturing process
7.
8. UNIT 1
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER
GRAPHICS
• Product cycle
• Design process
• Sequential and concurrent engineering
• Computer aided design – CAD system
architecture
• Computer graphics – co-ordinate systems- 2D and
3D transformations - homogeneous coordinates
• Line drawing -Clipping- viewing transformation
9. Design process
• Design is an activity that needs to be well organized
and should take into account all influences that are
likely to be responsible for the success of the product
under development.
10. Stages in the design process
Problem identification and recognition of need
Problem definition and conceptualization
Geometric modeling and analysis
Engineering analysis and optimization
Manufacturing process development
Prototype development
Manufacturing Implementation
11. Problem identification and recognition
of need
• Historical information
The current technology
Existing solution (even competitors product
details)
• General solution
This can be done by resorting to past designs,
engineering standards, technical reports,
catalogues, handbooks, patents etc.,
• Requirement specification
• Market force
16. Manufacturing process
development
• Process planning
• Tool design
• Manufacturing information generation
• Manufacturing simulation
• Information requirement design
• Time and motion study
• Production plant design
17. Computer assistance for design cycle
Problem identification and recognition of need
Problem definition and conceptualization
Geometric modeling and spatial analysis
Engineering analysis and optimization
Manufacturing process development
Prototype development
Manufacturing Implementation
Computer aided design
Finite Element analysis
Rapid prototyping
Computer aided
Manufacturing
CNC/Robots/CIM/ERP
Computer assisted
Operations
18. Serial (or) Sequential Engineering
• Sequential engineering is the process of marketing,
engineering design, planning, manufacturing,
quality, sales and service where each stage of the
development process is carried out separately, and
the next stage cannot start until the previous stage is
finished.
• This orderly step by step process will control to
complex projects but is very slow.
• Flow is only in one direction.
• Time consumption is more.
21. Simultaneous (or) Concurrent
Engineering
• It deals with carrying out the design and
manufacturing activities at the same time (performing
tasks concurrently) while designing the product.
23. Why Concurrent Engineering?
• Increasing product variety and technical
complexity.
• Increasing global competitive pressure.
• The need for rapid response to fast-changing
consumer demand.
• The need for shorter product life cycle.
• Lower manufacturing and production cost.
• Reduced defect rate and ultimately a faster
time to market.
24. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
• CAD utilizes the computer as a tool for all functions
that are involved in the design process.
• The main functions that would utilize the computer
are
– Layout design for the overall assembly
– Individual component modelling
– Assembly modelling
– Interference and tolerance stack checking
– Engineering drawing
25. Uses of CAD
• To create conceptual product model.
• Display the product in several colors to select color
combinations most appealing to customers.
• Rotate and view the object from various sides and
directions.
• Create and display all inner details of assembly.
• Check the interference or clearance between mating
parts in static or dynamic situations.
26. CAD technology provides the
engineer/designer the necessary help in
the following ways:
• CAD is a faster and more accurate than
conventional methods.
• It is useful of design work.
• You will never have to repeat the design or drawing
of any component.
• You can accurately calculate the various geometric
properties including dimensions of various
component.
• Modification of a model is very easy.
• Use of standard components makes for a very fast
27. The benefits of CAD in
manufacturing are
• Tool and fixture design
• Computer aided process planning
• Preparation of assembly lists and bill of materials
• Computer aided inspection
• Coding and classification of components
28. Application of CAD
• Printed circuit board
• Computer aided process planning
• Piping systems for process industries
• Finite element analysis
• Architecture – building design
29. CO ORDINATE SYSTEMS
• The right handed Cartesian coordinate system is
used for defining the geometry of the parts. In order
to specify the geometry of a given solid, it is
necessary to use a variety of coordinate systems.
• They are the following
– World Coordinate Systems
– User Coordinate systems
– Display Coordinates
– View Generation
30. World Coordinate Systems
• This refers to the actual coordinate system used as a
master for the component. Sometimes, it may also
be called the model coordinate system.
• In this chapter, we will call it the world coordinate
system (WCS). Figure shows a typical component,
which needs to be modelled.
• Another figure shows the component with its
associated world coordinate system, X,Y and Z.
31.
32. User Coordinate Systems
• The default coordinate system when the user starts
the modelling is the WCS. However, sometimes it
becomes difficult to define certain geometries if
they are to be defined from the WCS.
• In such cases, alternate coordinate systems can be
defined relative to the WCS. These coordinate
systems are termed user coordinate systems (UCS)
or Working Coordinate systems.
• UCS reduces the modelling complexity.
33.
34. DISPLAY COORDINATES
• This refers to the actual coordinates to be used for
displaying the image on the screen. It may also be
termed the screen coordinate system.
• The actual screen coordinates related to the pixels
to determine whether the actual values of the
screen or the virtual image that can be displayed
are needed to help in the image display.
35. VIEW GENERATION
• The display screen is two dimensional. Sometimes. It
is necessary to organize the information when
presented on the screen in two dimensions using the
orthogonal projection.
• The screen is therefore divided into a number of view
ports where in the various views are presented.
36.
37. CAD SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• The CAD system comprise of the following
–Hardware
–Software
–Data
–Human knowledge and activities
38. The CAD elements are
• Model definition
• Model manipulation
• Picture generation
• User interaction
• Database management
• Utilities
39. COMPUTER GRAPHICS
• Computer graphics is defined as creation,
storage and manipulation of picture and
drawing by means of a digital computer.
• The user communicates data and commands to
the computer through a keyboard terminal and
the computer communicates with the user via a
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
41. A typical hardware setup of a graphic system
keyboard
Floppy disk
drive (or) CD
I/O
(Interference/
Mass storage)
Microprocess
or
Video I/O TV Screen
System RAM
Memory
Data
Bus
Address
Bus
42. List of parameter for CRT & flat panel displays
are
• Screen size
• Resolution
• Dpi
• Screen type
• Brightness & contrast
• Viewing angle
• Video interface
• VGA controller
• Bit map (frame buffer)
• Display batch
• Lookup table
• Color palette
• Refresh rate
• Antialiasing
43. Computer graphics helps the designer
• The object is represented by its geometric
model in three dimension.
• Drawing can be made very accurate.
• The geometric model can be represented in
color and can be viewed from any angle.
• Drawing can be modified easily.
• Storage and retrieval of drawings are easily.