Underwater wireless communication
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Underwater wireless communication networks (UWCNs) consist of sensors and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) that interact, coordinate and share information with each other to carry out sensing and monitoring functions.
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wireless Communication Underwater(Ocean)
Underwater wireless communication uses acoustic signals to transmit digital information through water. Wired connections are not always feasible for underwater experiments due to problems like cable breaks or high costs. Acoustic communication is affected by factors like path loss, noise, multipath propagation, and Doppler spread. Advanced acoustic modems employ techniques like error correction coding to achieve low bit error rates. Underwater acoustic sensor networks use groups of sensors and autonomous underwater vehicles linked by acoustic connections to collaboratively monitor things like pollution, currents, and equipment. Despite progress, limitations remain regarding battery life, bandwidth, and environmental impacts on performance.
underwater wireless communication by shyam shinde
This seminar presentation discusses underwater wireless communication technology. It provides an introduction and history of underwater acoustics, describes the technology including how acoustic signals propagate underwater and are used to transmit data. It also discusses attacks such as jamming and wormholes that can occur underwater, and necessary security countermeasures. Finally, it outlines the necessity of underwater wireless communication for applications like pollution monitoring and search and rescue, as well as advantages and disadvantages compared to wired solutions.
underwater wireless communication.
This document presents information on underwater wireless communication. It discusses how acoustic waves can be used for underwater wireless transmission instead of radio waves due to water's inhibiting effects on radio waves. The document outlines the working, applications, advantages and disadvantages of underwater wireless communication using acoustic waves and acoustic modems. It provides figures showing different acoustic modems and the network architecture. The conclusion states that underwater wireless using acoustic waves can achieve high data rates with lower path loss compared to other methods.
Underwater wireless communication
Underwater Wireless Communication is the wireless communication in which acoustic signals (waves) carry digital information through an underwater channel.
Underwater communication
Topic on Underwater Communication which includes both underwater wireless and wired communication . A full detailed overview about the topic has been given. Pictures are given to visualize the topic in better way. Covers a major potion like Hydrophones and SONAR. Can be presented as a seminar topic as well .
Underwater wireless sensor networks
This document discusses underwater wireless sensor networks and some of the challenges in implementing them. It notes that about two-thirds of the Earth is covered in oceans which remain largely unexplored despite their potential for applications like seismic imaging, undersea exploration, and disaster prevention. Some key challenges for underwater sensor networks include high propagation delays, strong attenuation of radio waves in salt water, multipath and fading effects, and sensors being prone to failures from fouling and corrosion. Potential applications discussed include seismic monitoring of underwater oil fields. Implementing such networks raises research challenges around reliably extracting data, localization of sensor nodes, clock synchronization, and energy management to extend network lifetimes during long-term deployments.
Underwater Wireless Communication”,
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the
idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has
been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission
underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans, which constitute
the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea
locations.
The major discoveries of the past decades, such as the remains of Titanic, or the hydrothermal
vents at bottom of deep ocean, were made using cabled submersibles. Although such
systems remain indispensable if high-speed communication link is to exists between the
remote end and the surface, it is natural to wonder what one could accomplish without the
burden (and cost) of heavy cables.
Hence the motivation, and interest in wireless underwater communications. Together with
sensor technology and vehicular technology, wireless communications will enable new
applications ranging from environmental monitoring to gathering of oceanographic data,
marine archaeology, and search and rescue missions.
Underwater acoustic sensor network
This document presents an underwater acoustic sensor network for early warning generation of tsunamis. It discusses flaws in existing tsunami early warning systems, and proposes an integrated system using underwater sensor networks, satellites, and terrestrial communication networks. Key challenges addressed include power optimization, modulation schemes, and routing for underwater acoustic networks. Performance is measured by reliability and timeliness of warnings. Further improvements could include better simulations, decision support, and tsunami modeling.
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wireless Communication Underwater(Ocean)
Underwater wireless communication uses acoustic signals to transmit digital information through water. Wired connections are not always feasible for underwater experiments due to problems like cable breaks or high costs. Acoustic communication is affected by factors like path loss, noise, multipath propagation, and Doppler spread. Advanced acoustic modems employ techniques like error correction coding to achieve low bit error rates. Underwater acoustic sensor networks use groups of sensors and autonomous underwater vehicles linked by acoustic connections to collaboratively monitor things like pollution, currents, and equipment. Despite progress, limitations remain regarding battery life, bandwidth, and environmental impacts on performance.
underwater wireless communication by shyam shinde
This seminar presentation discusses underwater wireless communication technology. It provides an introduction and history of underwater acoustics, describes the technology including how acoustic signals propagate underwater and are used to transmit data. It also discusses attacks such as jamming and wormholes that can occur underwater, and necessary security countermeasures. Finally, it outlines the necessity of underwater wireless communication for applications like pollution monitoring and search and rescue, as well as advantages and disadvantages compared to wired solutions.
underwater wireless communication.
This document presents information on underwater wireless communication. It discusses how acoustic waves can be used for underwater wireless transmission instead of radio waves due to water's inhibiting effects on radio waves. The document outlines the working, applications, advantages and disadvantages of underwater wireless communication using acoustic waves and acoustic modems. It provides figures showing different acoustic modems and the network architecture. The conclusion states that underwater wireless using acoustic waves can achieve high data rates with lower path loss compared to other methods.
Underwater wireless communication
Underwater Wireless Communication is the wireless communication in which acoustic signals (waves) carry digital information through an underwater channel.
Underwater communication
Topic on Underwater Communication which includes both underwater wireless and wired communication . A full detailed overview about the topic has been given. Pictures are given to visualize the topic in better way. Covers a major potion like Hydrophones and SONAR. Can be presented as a seminar topic as well .
Underwater wireless sensor networks
This document discusses underwater wireless sensor networks and some of the challenges in implementing them. It notes that about two-thirds of the Earth is covered in oceans which remain largely unexplored despite their potential for applications like seismic imaging, undersea exploration, and disaster prevention. Some key challenges for underwater sensor networks include high propagation delays, strong attenuation of radio waves in salt water, multipath and fading effects, and sensors being prone to failures from fouling and corrosion. Potential applications discussed include seismic monitoring of underwater oil fields. Implementing such networks raises research challenges around reliably extracting data, localization of sensor nodes, clock synchronization, and energy management to extend network lifetimes during long-term deployments.
Underwater Wireless Communication”,
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the
idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has
been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission
underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans, which constitute
the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea
locations.
The major discoveries of the past decades, such as the remains of Titanic, or the hydrothermal
vents at bottom of deep ocean, were made using cabled submersibles. Although such
systems remain indispensable if high-speed communication link is to exists between the
remote end and the surface, it is natural to wonder what one could accomplish without the
burden (and cost) of heavy cables.
Hence the motivation, and interest in wireless underwater communications. Together with
sensor technology and vehicular technology, wireless communications will enable new
applications ranging from environmental monitoring to gathering of oceanographic data,
marine archaeology, and search and rescue missions.
Underwater acoustic sensor network
This document presents an underwater acoustic sensor network for early warning generation of tsunamis. It discusses flaws in existing tsunami early warning systems, and proposes an integrated system using underwater sensor networks, satellites, and terrestrial communication networks. Key challenges addressed include power optimization, modulation schemes, and routing for underwater acoustic networks. Performance is measured by reliability and timeliness of warnings. Further improvements could include better simulations, decision support, and tsunami modeling.
under water wireless communication
Underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving message below water.[1] There are several ways of employing such communication but the most common is using hydrophones. Under water communication is difficult due to factors like multi-path propagation, time variations of the channel, small available bandwidth and strong signal attenuation, especially over long ranges. In underwater communication there are low data rates compared to terrestrial communication, since underwater communication uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves.
UNDER WATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION
Underwater acoustic communication uses sound waves to transmit data underwater instead of electromagnetic waves. It allows remote control of underwater instruments and real-time data transmission. Examples include acoustic modems that convert digital data to sound signals, the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis program's acoustic sensors that detect tsunamis, and robotic crawlers equipped with cameras and modems that can locate underwater objects and transmit images.
Under Water wireless communication
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the
idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has
been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission
underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans, which constitute
the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea
locations.
The major discoveries of the past decades, such as the remains of Titanic, or the hydrothermal
vents at bottom of deep ocean, were made using cabled submersibles. Although such
systems remain indispensable if high-speed communication link is to exists between the
remote end and the surface, it is natural to wonder what one could accomplish without the
burden (and cost) of heavy cables.
underwater acoustic propogation channels
This document presents information about underwater acoustic communication channels. It discusses how sound can be used as a wireless communication medium underwater, as radio waves do not propagate well in water. It describes some of the key challenges with underwater acoustic channels, including limited bandwidth, multipath propagation, Doppler effects from water movements, noise from biological and man-made sources, and scattering. It also provides examples of potential underwater applications that could benefit from acoustic communication technologies, such as pollution monitoring, seismic monitoring, and autonomous underwater vehicle control.
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The document summarizes underwater wireless communication technology. It discusses how acoustic waves are used instead of radio waves to transmit information underwater over long distances. It describes some of the challenges of underwater acoustic channels including high propagation loss, severe multipath interference, and low sound speed. The document also provides an overview of acoustic modem technology, discussing modulation schemes like FSK and PSK, and the use of equalizers to address multipath interference. The goal of underwater wireless communication is to enable applications like environmental monitoring without the need for heavy cables.
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This project is based on transformation of data like text, voice, audio and image through underwater using visible light. This is major application in military like navy and submarines, scientific community for underwater research, flood detection, climatic changes , oceanography and more . The cost of this budget around 15k to 17k.
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This document provides an overview of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. UWB uses short radio pulses rather than modulated carrier waves for communication. It has advantages like high data transfer rates, low power usage, immunity to interference, and ability to pass through obstacles. UWB can be used for applications such as wireless local area networks, sensor networks, tracking/positioning, and communications. The document discusses UWB principles, technologies like impulse radio, challenges including standardization, and potential applications and advantages of UWB technology.
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Beam forming- New Technology
Mobile Communication Academic Assignment
For B.Tech Electronics and Communication Engineering 7th Semester
Index:
1. Introduction
2. Techniques
3. Schemes
4. History
5. Digital an Analog Beamforming
6. Difference between Digital and Analog Beamforming
7. Analog Beamforming Working
8. Digital Beamforming Working with receiver and transmitter
9. Digital Beamforming Challenges with receiver and transmitter
10. Solutions to the Challenges
11. For Speech Audio
Source: Wikipedia, Research Papers etc
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This document discusses autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and their use for ocean surveys. It describes how AUVs are becoming more widely used due to improvements in battery technology, propulsion efficiency, and pressure vessel design. However, there is a perception that AUVs are expensive, complex and risky to operate. The document examines the advantages and disadvantages of using AUVs compared to towed instruments for ocean margin surveys, and illustrates the development of scientific AUV Autosub and how it has overcome technological challenges to achieve greater depth and range through integrated sensors. It also discusses reasons why AUVs have not been more generally adopted for ocean surveys.
rajat Ppt mwc.pptx
The document discusses underwater wireless communication, which uses acoustic signals to transmit digital information underwater. It provides an introduction to underwater wireless communication technology and its history. The document outlines the necessity of underwater wireless communication when wired solutions are not feasible. It also describes underwater wireless communication technologies, including acoustic modems and underwater acoustic sensor networks. The document discusses applications, advantages, and disadvantages of underwater wireless communication and concludes by discussing opportunities for further development in the field.
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This document summarizes an seminar on underwater wireless communication. It discusses the history and necessity of underwater wireless communication, as well as technologies like acoustic communication. Applications include seismic monitoring, pollution monitoring, and equipment monitoring using autonomous underwater vehicles and sensors. Advantages include tsunami warning systems and privacy, while disadvantages include limited battery power and bandwidth challenges posed by the underwater environment. Further research is still needed to address limitations and implement more advanced technologies.
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under water wireless communication
Underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving message below water.[1] There are several ways of employing such communication but the most common is using hydrophones. Under water communication is difficult due to factors like multi-path propagation, time variations of the channel, small available bandwidth and strong signal attenuation, especially over long ranges. In underwater communication there are low data rates compared to terrestrial communication, since underwater communication uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves.
UNDER WATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION
Underwater acoustic communication uses sound waves to transmit data underwater instead of electromagnetic waves. It allows remote control of underwater instruments and real-time data transmission. Examples include acoustic modems that convert digital data to sound signals, the Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis program's acoustic sensors that detect tsunamis, and robotic crawlers equipped with cameras and modems that can locate underwater objects and transmit images.
Under Water wireless communication
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the
idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has
been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission
underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans, which constitute
the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea
locations.
The major discoveries of the past decades, such as the remains of Titanic, or the hydrothermal
vents at bottom of deep ocean, were made using cabled submersibles. Although such
systems remain indispensable if high-speed communication link is to exists between the
remote end and the surface, it is natural to wonder what one could accomplish without the
burden (and cost) of heavy cables.
underwater acoustic propogation channels
This document presents information about underwater acoustic communication channels. It discusses how sound can be used as a wireless communication medium underwater, as radio waves do not propagate well in water. It describes some of the key challenges with underwater acoustic channels, including limited bandwidth, multipath propagation, Doppler effects from water movements, noise from biological and man-made sources, and scattering. It also provides examples of potential underwater applications that could benefit from acoustic communication technologies, such as pollution monitoring, seismic monitoring, and autonomous underwater vehicle control.
Underwater Wireless Communication
Seminar presentation on underwater wireless communication for those pursuing communication engineering.
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Underwater sensor networks have the potential to enable new applications and enhance ocean observation. They consist of sensors, autonomous underwater vehicles, and communication architecture. Challenges include limited bandwidth, multipath effects, and power constraints. The network topology and protocol stack must be designed to address issues like delays and bandwidth restrictions. Underwater sensor networks differ from terrestrial networks in deployment, power, memory and other factors due to the underwater environment. They can be used for applications like environmental monitoring, exploration, and disaster prevention.
Report underwater-wireless
The document summarizes underwater wireless communication technology. It discusses how acoustic waves are used instead of radio waves to transmit information underwater over long distances. It describes some of the challenges of underwater acoustic channels including high propagation loss, severe multipath interference, and low sound speed. The document also provides an overview of acoustic modem technology, discussing modulation schemes like FSK and PSK, and the use of equalizers to address multipath interference. The goal of underwater wireless communication is to enable applications like environmental monitoring without the need for heavy cables.
Ultra wide band technology
This document provides an overview of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. It discusses what UWB is, its principles and characteristics in both the time and frequency domains. Key advantages of UWB include high data rates over short ranges, multipath immunity, low power and cost. Applications discussed include wireless personal area networks, military communications, ground penetrating radar and sensors. Challenges of UWB are also noted, as well as its future potential and comparison to other technologies.
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Underwater optical communication is a promising alternative to acoustic methods for underwater wireless communication. Radio waves do not propagate well underwater, so optical methods using lasers and LEDs can provide line-of-sight transmission of data, video and signals for vehicle control. Several factors influence the performance of underwater optical links, including absorption and scattering by water constituents like phytoplankton and dissolved organic matter, as well as scattering from suspended particles.
“Securing underwater wireless communication networks” 2
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on securing underwater wireless communication networks. It discusses the existing challenges with underwater wireless networks including high bit error rates, propagation delays, and low bandwidth. It proposes three schemes for securing such networks: secure time synchronization to enable power saving; secure localization for location information and data tagging; and secure routing to reject paths with malicious nodes. The techniques aim to provide secure data transmission and are based on mechanisms like time synchronization, localization using time/signal information, and routing protocols.
Ultra wideband technology (UWB)
Ultra Wide-Band Technology (UWB) is a short-range, high-bandwidth communications technology that can be used for data transfer, imaging, and localization applications. UWB operates by transmitting very short pulses across a wide frequency band with low power. Key applications of UWB include high-speed wireless communications and high-resolution radar and imaging systems. Standardization efforts have developed standards for UWB personal area networks, and UWB offers advantages like high data rates and secure transmission, but also faces limitations from its low-power emissions.
Optical wireless communication
This document summarizes optical wireless communication (OWC), including visible light communication (VLC) and free space optical communication (FSO). It discusses the history and development of OWC, current applications, and future directions. Key advantages are high data capacity and bandwidth without licensing, while disadvantages include signal attenuation over distance. Future areas of focus include improving laser and optical network technologies to enable multi-terabit transmission and all-optical networks.
Implementation of Optical wireless communication through underwater channel
This project is based on transformation of data like text, voice, audio and image through underwater using visible light. This is major application in military like navy and submarines, scientific community for underwater research, flood detection, climatic changes , oceanography and more . The cost of this budget around 15k to 17k.
Ultra wide band
This document provides an overview of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. UWB uses short radio pulses rather than modulated carrier waves for communication. It has advantages like high data transfer rates, low power usage, immunity to interference, and ability to pass through obstacles. UWB can be used for applications such as wireless local area networks, sensor networks, tracking/positioning, and communications. The document discusses UWB principles, technologies like impulse radio, challenges including standardization, and potential applications and advantages of UWB technology.
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This document discusses underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC). It begins with an introduction to different underwater wireless technologies including acoustic, RF, and optical waves. It then covers the physical aspects and propagation of acoustic waves, RF waves, and optical waves. The document discusses factors that affect underwater optical beam propagation such as absorption, scattering, turbulence, and background noise. It also covers optical link configurations, UOWC system design considerations, and the use of diversity and hybrid acoustic-optical systems. In conclusion, the document states that UOWC has great potential compared to acoustic communication and that an efficient UOWC system requires an understanding of system design, modulation techniques, and the underwater environment.
Sonar technology ppt
This document provides an overview of sonar technology. It discusses the history of sonar, beginning with its use by animals and early experiments by Leonardo Da Vinci and others. It describes the main types of sonar - active and passive. Applications include ocean mapping, locating ships and submarines, and underwater security. Limitations include impacts on marine life and noise pollution. New innovations are described, including a technique called Finger IO that allows interaction with mobile devices by writing or gesturing on nearby surfaces using built-in microphones and speakers.
UWB and applications
UWB technology uses very short pulse signals that have a wide frequency spectrum, allowing it to provide high data rates over short ranges. It has advantages over other wireless technologies like resistance to multipath interference and ability to detect moving objects. The document discusses UWB modulation techniques, FCC regulations, and applications of UWB in areas like communications, radar, and geolocation. Major application areas discussed are wireless personal area networks, wireless USB, and ground penetrating radar.
Underwater acoustic sensor network
In this presentation, Smitha describes an innovative project that she has developed for underwater communication using sensors.
Beam forming- New Technology
Mobile Communication Academic Assignment
For B.Tech Electronics and Communication Engineering 7th Semester
Index:
1. Introduction
2. Techniques
3. Schemes
4. History
5. Digital an Analog Beamforming
6. Difference between Digital and Analog Beamforming
7. Analog Beamforming Working
8. Digital Beamforming Working with receiver and transmitter
9. Digital Beamforming Challenges with receiver and transmitter
10. Solutions to the Challenges
11. For Speech Audio
Source: Wikipedia, Research Papers etc
Autonomous underwater vehicles
This document discusses autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and their use for ocean surveys. It describes how AUVs are becoming more widely used due to improvements in battery technology, propulsion efficiency, and pressure vessel design. However, there is a perception that AUVs are expensive, complex and risky to operate. The document examines the advantages and disadvantages of using AUVs compared to towed instruments for ocean margin surveys, and illustrates the development of scientific AUV Autosub and how it has overcome technological challenges to achieve greater depth and range through integrated sensors. It also discusses reasons why AUVs have not been more generally adopted for ocean surveys.
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The document discusses underwater wireless communication, which uses acoustic signals to transmit digital information underwater. It provides an introduction to underwater wireless communication technology and its history. The document outlines the necessity of underwater wireless communication when wired solutions are not feasible. It also describes underwater wireless communication technologies, including acoustic modems and underwater acoustic sensor networks. The document discusses applications, advantages, and disadvantages of underwater wireless communication and concludes by discussing opportunities for further development in the field.
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This document summarizes an seminar on underwater wireless communication. It discusses the history and necessity of underwater wireless communication, as well as technologies like acoustic communication. Applications include seismic monitoring, pollution monitoring, and equipment monitoring using autonomous underwater vehicles and sensors. Advantages include tsunami warning systems and privacy, while disadvantages include limited battery power and bandwidth challenges posed by the underwater environment. Further research is still needed to address limitations and implement more advanced technologies.
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Underwater wireless communication faces many challenges due to factors like multipath propagation, time-varying channels, small bandwidth, and high signal attenuation over long distances. While electromagnetic waves don't propagate well underwater, acoustic waves provide the best solution for underwater communication. Underwater wireless networks use acoustic signals and can be centralized, with nodes communicating through a base station, or decentralized, with peer-to-peer communication between nodes. Factors like path loss, noise, multipath, high propagation delays influence acoustic communication. Applications include marine archaeology, search and rescue missions, and pollution monitoring.
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ppt of seminar.pptx
This document describes an acoustic modem design for underwater sensor networks. It introduces the challenges of underwater acoustic communication compared to radio and optical methods. It then describes the design of an adaptive acoustic modem, including a sensor network architecture using the modem. Applications of underwater sensor networks are discussed such as environmental monitoring. Simulation and analog test results are presented. The conclusion discusses the benefits of an adaptive modem and digital hardware platform to enable reliable underwater communication while saving energy.
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Krish
This document provides an overview of underwater wireless communication technologies. It discusses the unique challenges of underwater acoustic channels, including high propagation loss, multipath interference, and low sound speed. It then describes acoustic modems, modulation techniques, and equalization methods used to achieve wireless data transmission in underwater environments. Finally, it outlines applications and research areas for underwater networks, including environmental monitoring, archaeology, and search and rescue. The goal is to lay the groundwork for more advanced underwater communication and networking to enhance ocean exploration.
Krish
This document provides an overview of underwater wireless communication technologies. It discusses the unique challenges of underwater acoustic channels, including high propagation loss, multipath interference, and low sound speed. It then describes acoustic modems, modulation techniques, and equalization methods used to achieve wireless data transmission in underwater environments. The document outlines centralized and decentralized network topologies and protocols being developed for underwater sensor networks. Applications include environmental monitoring, marine research, and defense. Overall limitations include limited bandwidth and high error rates due to channel characteristics.
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Relazione di Nick Lawrence - EdgetechUNDERWATER ACOUSTIC MODEM FOR SHORT –RANGE SENSOR NETWORKS
This document describes the design of an underwater acoustic modem for short-range sensor networks. It discusses the challenges of underwater acoustic communication and outlines the major components of acoustic modems, including transducers, analog transceivers, and digital control platforms. The document then provides details on the design of an amplitude-shift keying acoustic modem, including the transmitter, receiver, and testing results. It concludes that the designed modem represents a low-cost alternative to existing commercial underwater acoustic modems.
An implementation of_partial_transmit_se
In this article we research about underwater
acoustics transceivers. As Underwater acoustic transceivers
consume more power than Radio frequency transceivers.
The techniques which are being utilized in radio frequency
cannot be implemented directly in underwater acoustic
system it needs to be re investigated to design new methods.
To achieve reliable acoustic data transmission new
techniques should be achieved or the traditional
Orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing techniques
should be revised. The power consumption also relies upon
underwater acoustic signal propagation and transmission
distances. Several underwater acoustic applications require
long-term monitoring of the sea. For the battery powered
modems, it becomes very serious problem. By designing an
Energy efficient OFDM Communication system we can
solve this problem. We study about peak to average power
ratio in an Orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing
system by reducing the major draw-back of OFDM system.
The PAPR reduction utilized in this paper is Partial
Transmit Sequences for underwater acoustic OFDM
communication system which has lesser complexity. The
results have provided better performance in underwater
acoustic OFDM communication system.
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Underwater wireless communication
- 1. Presented BY : Akash Department of ECE Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore Underwater Wireless Communication
- 2. Organization Of The Presentation ❖ Introduction ❖ History ❖ Necessity of Underwater Wireless Communication ❖ Factor influencing acoustic communication Features ❖ Hardware platform Interfaces ❖ Acoustic Modem ❖ Data Transmission in modem ❖ Advance modems Available ❖ Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks(UW-ASN) ❖ UW-ASN Communication Architecture ❖ Appilications ❖ Limitations ❖ Conclusion ❖ Reference
- 3. Introduction Underwater wireless communication is the wireless communication in which acoustic signals (waves) carry digital information through an underwater channel. Electromagnetic waves are not used as they propagate over short distances. Over the past decades, heavy cables were used to establish a high speed communication between remote end and the surface. To overcome such difficulties, underwater wireless communication has come into existence.
- 4. History ● The science of underwater acoustics began in 1490, when Leonardo Da Vinci, stated. ● In 1687 Isaac Newton wrote his Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy which included the first mathematical treatment of sound in water. ● In 1877 Lord Rayleigh wote the Theory of Sound & established modern acoustic theory. ● In 1919, the first scientific paper on underwater acoustics was published. ● Many advances in underwater acoustics were made which were summarised later in the series Physics of Sound in the Sea, published in 1946. ● After world war two, the development of sonar systems was driven largely by the cold war, resulting in advances in the theoretical & practical understanding of underwater acoustics aided by computer based techniques.
- 5. NECESSITY OF UNDERWATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION Wired underwater is not feasible in all situations as shown below :- ★ Temporary experiments ★ Breaking of wires ★ Significant cost of deployment ★ Experiment over long distances. To cope up with above situations, we require underwater wireless communication.
- 6. FACTORS INFLUENCING ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION ★ Path loss: Due to attenuation and geometric spreading ★ Noise: Man-made noise and ambient noise(due to hydrodynamics) ★ Multipath propagation. ★ High propagation delay. ★ Doppler frequency spread.
- 7. HARDWARE PLATFORM INTERFACES ● Sensor Interface: ➔ Must develop common interface with different sensors (chemical, optical, etc.) and communication elements (transducer) . ➔ Wide (constantly changing) variety of sensors, sampling strategies ● Communication Interface: ➔ Amplifiers, Transducers ➔ Signal modulation ➔ Hardware: ❖ Software Defined Acoustic Modem (SDAM) ❖ Reconfigurable hardware known to provide, flexible, high performance implementations for DSP applications.
- 8. ACOUSTIC MODEM ● Employ advanced modulation scheme and channel equalization for improved signal to noise ratio. ● Employ high performance error detection and correction coding scheme which reduces bit error rate to less than 10- 7 Parts of an acoustic modem: ● DSP Board ● AFE(Analog Front End) Board ● DC/DC Converter
- 9. DATA TRANSMISSION IN MODEM When no data is being transmitted, the modem stays in sleep mode, it periodically wakes up to receive possible data being transmitted by far end modem. This results in low power consumption. Similarly when the data is to be transmitted , the modem receives data from its link in sleep mode and then switches to transmit mode and transmit the data.
- 11. UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC SENSOR NETWORKS (UW-ASN) ● Group of sensors and vehicles deployed underwater and networked via acoustic links, performing collaborative tasks. ● Equipment ➔ Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) ➔ Underwater sensors (UW-ASN)
- 12. UW-ASN COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE 2-D ARCHITECTURE
- 13. 3-D ARCHITECTURE
- 14. APPLICATIONS ● Seismic monitoring ● Pollution monitoring ● Ocean currents monitoring ● Equipment monitoring and control ● Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) ● Remotely operated vehicle(ROV) ● Acoustic navigation technology for multiple AUVs. ● Solar Powered AUVs
- 15. LIMITATIONS ● Battery power is limited and usually batteries can not be recharged easily. ● The available bandwidth is severely limited. ● Underwater sensors are prone to failures because of fouling, corrosion, etc. ● Highly affected by environmental and natural factors such as heterogeneities of the water column, variations of sound velocity versus depth, temperature and salinity, multiple and random sea reflections and significant scattering by fish, bubble clouds and plankton.
- 16. CONCLUSION Despite much development in this area of the underwater wireless communication, there is still an immense scope so more research as major part of the ocean bottom yet remains unexploded. The main objective is to overcome the present limitations and implement advanced technology for oceanographic research and cope up with the environmental effects on the noise performance of acoustic systems to compete with the future challenges like effective transmission of audio and video signals etc.
- 17. References ● Underwater Wireless Communications - Milica Stojanovic ● Wireline Quality Underwater Wireless ... - LinkQuest ● Intelligent agent based information routing in wireless body sensor ...
- 18. Thank You!