Analysis on Data Transmission in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network for Complex Environment

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 856
Analysis on Data Transmission in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network
for Complex Environment
Indhupriya.R 1, Mageswari.M 2, Nitharsana.G3 , A.JerrinSimla 4
indupriyaravi26@gmail.com1
mahageetha04@gmail.com 2
gunamsana3@gmail.com3
4A.JerrinSimla, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering,
Panimalar Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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Abstract - Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs) that bolster productivity and unwavering quality of information
transmission are exceptionally testing because of the complex submerged environment in different of sea applications. The signifi-
cance of vitality utilization in numerous arrangements of UASNs utilizing the vitality productivity framework steering in view of
3D squares (EGRCs) in UASNs comprises of grapple complex properties of submerged medium, for example, 3D evolving topology,
high proliferation delay, hub portability and thickness, and turn system of group head hubs. The occasions are checked by the ma-
trix perspective, and the 3D solid shape is partitioned into numerous little blocks, where a 3D square is viewed as a bunch. From
information moved through with a specific end goal to make vitality productive and develop arrange lifetime, the EGRC shapes a
vitality utilization demonstrate considering lingering vitality and area of sensor hubs to choose the ideal bunch heads and after-
ward to the base station. The waves that created by the submerged sensor hubs to deliver Acoustic flag which chooses the hub
with the most noteworthy leftover vitality and the briefest separation to base station as a bunch head hub. In addition, the EGRC
uses lingering vitality, areas, and end-to-end postpone for hunting down the following jump hub to keep up the unwavering quali-
ty of information transmission. Recreation approvals of the proposed calculation are done to demonstrate the adequacy of EGRC,
which performs superior to the agent calculations as far as vitality productivity, unwavering quality, and end-to-end delay. At long
last it has been enhanced and improving; Cluster Head keep up the data in the bunch information conglomeration and grouping
system so as to dispose of further redundancies, to upgrade information inertness and to streamline the vitality utilization of the
entire system.
Key Words: Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), energy efficiency and data transmission
1. INTRODUCTION
Sea base sensor hubs are considered to empower applications for oceanographic information gathering, contami-
nation observing, seaward investigation, fiasco counteractive action, helped route and strategic reconnaissance
applications. Numerous Unmanned or Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (UUVs, AUVs), outfitted with submerged
sensors, will likewise discover application in investigation of normal undersea assets and social event of logical
information in community oriented observing missions. To make these applications suitable, there is a need to em-
power submerged interchanges among submerged gadgets. Submerged sensor hubs and vehicles must have self-
arrangement capacities, i.e., it must have the capacity to organize their operation by trading design, area and de-
velopment data, and to transfer observed information to an inland station. Remote submerged acoustic systems
administration is the empowering innovation for these applications. Submerged Acoustic Sensor Networks (UW-
ASN) comprise of a variable number of sensors and vehicles that are sent to perform collective observing assign-

ments over a given territory. To accomplish a goal, sensors and vehicles self-arrange in a self-governing system
which can adjust to the qualities of the sea environment. Submerged systems administration is a somewhat unex-
plored range albeit submerged interchanges have been tested since World War II, when, in 1945, a submerged
phone was produced in the United States to speak with submarines. Acoustic correspondences are the run of the
mill physical layer innovation in submerged systems. Actually, radio waves spread at long separations through
conductive ocean water just at additional low frequencies (30-300 Hz), which require vast reception apparatuses
and high transmission control. Optical waves don't experience the ill effects of such high lessening yet are influ-
enced by dissipating. Also, transmission of optical signs requires high accuracy in indicating the restricted laser
bars. In this way, connects in submerged systems depend on acoustic remote interchanges. The conventional ap-
proach for sea base or sea section checking is to convey submerged sensors that record information amid the ob-
serving mission, and afterward recoup the instruments. The accompanying drawbacks: Real time checking is im-
practical. It is fundamentally in reconnaissance or in ecological observing applications, for example, seismic check-
ing. The recorded information can't be gotten to until the instruments are recouped, which may happen a while
after the start of the observing mission. No association is conceivable between coastal control frameworks and the
checking instruments. In the event that disappointments or misconfiguration happen, it may not be conceivable to
recognize them before the instruments are recuperated. It can without much of a stretch prompt to the entire dis-
appointment of a checking mission. The measure of information that can be recorded amid the checking mission by
each sensor is restricted by the limit of the locally available capacity gadgets (recollections, hard circles, and so
on.). Hence, there is a need to send submerged systems that will empower constant checking of chose sea zones,
remote design and cooperation with coastal human administrators. It can acquired by associating submerged in-
struments by method for remote connections in light of acoustic correspondence. Numerous specialists are right
now occupied with creating organizing answers for earthbound remote impromptu and sensor systems. Despite
the fact that there exist many as of late created organize conventions for remote sensor arranges, the one of a kind
qualities of the submerged acoustic correspondence channel, for example, constrained transmission capacity limit
and variable deferrals, require for exceptionally proficient and dependable new information correspondence con-
ventions Major difficulties in the plan of submerged acoustic systems are: Battery power is restricted and more
often than not batteries can't be energized, additionally in light of the fact that sun based vitality can't be misused;
The accessible transfer speed is extremely restricted; Channel attributes, including long and variable proliferation
delays, multi-way and blurring issues; High piece mistake rates; Underwater sensors are inclined to disappoint-
ments in view of fouling, consumption.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
OssaiiiaYounis and Sonia Fahmy [1] proposed a new energy-efficient approach for clustering nodes in ad hoc
sensor networks. Based on Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed clustering, that periodically selects cluster heads
according to a hybrid of their residual energy and secondary parameter, such as nude proximity to its neighbors or
node degree.HuiTian, Hong Shen and Matthew Roughan [2] proposed how to place SNs by use of a minimal number
to maximize the coverage area when the communication radius of the SN is not less than the sensing radius, which
results in the application of regular topology to WSNs deployment. Rahimi, L. Shirachi [3] proposed a set up a
system named NIMs, where mobile collectors can only move along fixed cables between trees to ensure that they

can be recharged any time during the movement. up a system named NIMs, where mobile collectors can only move
along fixed cables between trees to ensure that they can be recharged any time during the movement.
3. EXISTING SYSTEM
Here we consider that under water sensor nodes are interconnected one or more underwater sinks by means of
wireless acoustic links. The data transfer occurs between the sensor nodes and to the surface station through un-
derwater sinks.
3.1DISADVANTAGES
• Available bandwidth is limited.
• Propagation delay is very high.
• High bit error rate, temporary losses of connectivity can be examined.
• Battery cannot be recharge.
• Channel impaired due to multi path and fading.
4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Underwater sinks are equipped with two acoustic transceivers namely vertical and horizontal transceivers. The
horizontal transceivers used by the underwater sinks to communicate with the sensor nodes in order to com-
mands and configuration data to the sensors and collect monitored data. Vertical link used by the underwater sinks
to relay data to the surface station. Vertical transceivers must be long range transceivers. Surface station equipped
with acoustic transceivers able to handle multiple parallel communication with deployed underwater acoustic
sinks. Proposed the cluster base routing has cluster head, which responsible for route between node and base sta-
tions. Cluster base routing is superior then multihop routing in energy efficiency, due to decreasing amount of data
transmission. In Cluster base routing each mobile node divide into group of networks with 2 hop diameter. These
disjoint set or overlapping set are define as clusters. In each clusters one node is selected as Cluster Head other as
member node. Cluster Head maintain the information in the cluster. Cluster base routing protocol find routes faster
with minimizing flooding technique.
4.1ADVANTAGES:
• Propagation delay is reduced.
• Connectivity and coverage problems are improved.

• Energy consumption is reduced.
• Node failure to be less.
• Life time of sensor to be increased.
5. BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig-1: Block diagram of our proposed method
5.1Communication Model:
Creating sensor nodes and sink node. Nodes will placed within the range of neighbor. If sensor nodes want to
transfer data, it will send request message to neighbor. Which one is near it will send response message to node.
5.2Cluster Formation:
Wireless communication and the lack of centralized administration pose numerous challenges in mobile wireless
ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Node mobility results in frequent failure and activation of links, causing a routing al-
gorithm reaction to topology changes and hence increasing network control traffic. Ensuring effective routing and
QoS support while considering the relevant bandwidth and power constraints remains a great challenge. In current
clustering schemes, stability and cluster size are very important parameters; however, reducing the number of
clusters does not necessarily result in more efficient architectures. A CH may end up dominating so many MHs that
its computational, bandwidth and battery resources will rapidly exhaust. Therefore, effective control of cluster size
is another crucial factor. Cluster sizes should be controlled so as not to derive too large neither too small cluster.
Control messages broadcast period should be dynamically adapted to avoid unnecessary message exchanges when
the mobility pattern of nodes such network topology is relatively static.

5.3Cluster Head Formation:
A representative of each sub-domain (cluster) is ‘elected’ as a cluster head (CH) and a node which serves as inter-
mediate for inter-cluster communication is called gateway. Remaining members are called ordinary nodes. The
boundaries of a cluster are defined by the transmission area of its CH.
Cluster architectures do not necessarily include a CH in every cluster. CHs hold routing and topology information,
relaxing ordinary node from such requirement; however, they represent network bottleneck points. Also it will
satisfy the FAF, CH will select if the node has satisfy these parameters In clusters without CHs, every node has to
store and exchange more topology information, yet, that eliminates the bottleneck of CHs.
5.4Enhanced Forward Aware Factor-Energy Balanced Routing Method:
In this module propose an Enhanced Forward Aware Factor-Energy Balanced Routing Method (EFAF-EBRM) based
on Data aggregation technique that has some key aspects such as a reduced number of messages for setting up a
routing tree, maximized number of overlapping routes, high aggregation rate, and reliable data aggregation and
transmission. According to data transmission mechanism of WSN, we quantify the forward transmission area, de-
fine forward energy density which constitutes forward-aware factor with link weight. For energy efficient trans-
mission in event-driven WSN, Data should be reduced. It requires proper routing method for reliable transmission
of aggregated data to sink from the source nodes. This paper propose a new communication protocol based on
forward-aware factor in order to determine next-hop node and Data Routing for In-Network aggregation(DRINA)
protocol to reduce the number of transmissions and thus balancing the energy consumption , prolonging the net-
work function lifetime and to improve QoS of WSN.

6. RESULT AND DISCUSSION:
FIG-1
FIG-2

FIG-3
. CONCLUSIONS
Submerged applications have nearly attached itself to all ranges of research. It have a knowledge of better directing
and vitality use component. Issues that is figured from my discoveries. Thought and rationale behind explaining
those downsides. Underwater applications have almost rooted itself to all areas of research. It have an insight of
better routing and energy usage mechanism. Problems that’s formulated from my findings. Idea and logic behind
solving those drawbacks.
REFERENCES
[1]I. F. Akyildiz, D. Pompili, and T. Melodia, “Underwater acoustic Sensor networks: Research challenges,” Ad Hoc
Netw., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 257–279, May 2005.
[2] G. Han, J. Jiang, L. Shu, and M. Guizani, “An attack-resistantTrust model based on multidimensional trust metrics
in underwater Acoustic sensor network,” IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput., Feb. 2015, doi:
10.1109/TMC.2015.2402120.
[3] M. Ayaz, I. Baig, A. Abdullah, and I. Faye, “Review: A survey on Routing techniques in underwater wireless sen-
sor networks,” J. Netw. Comput. Appl., vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1908–1927
, Nov. 2011.

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Analysis on Data Transmission in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network for Complex Environment