The purpose of this Presentation is to help the research students in developing an insight about the Research Design.

1. By
Dr. Shaloo Saini
Assistant Professor, MKCE
(CT Group of Institutions, Jalandhar, Punjab)
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2.  A Research Design is the arrangement of conditions
for collection and analysis of data in a manner that
aims to combine relevance to the research purpose
with economy in procedure(Kothari and Garg, 2019).
 A Research Design constitutes the Blue Print for the
collection, measurement and analysis of data(
Cooper, Schindler and Sharma,2015).
 A Research Design is the plan and structure of
investigation, so conceived as to obtain answers to
the research questions. This plan is the overall
scheme or program of the research. It includes the
outline of what the investigator will do from writing
hypothesis and their operational implications to the
final analysis of data( Kerlinger, 1986).
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3. According to Cooper, Schindler and Sharma,
(2012), The Essentials of A Research Design
are:
 An activity and time based Plan.
 A Plan always based on Research Questions.
 A Guide for selecting sources and types of
information.
 A Framework for specifying the relationship
among the variables of the study.
 A procedural outline for every research
activity.
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4. According to Kothari and Garg (2019), A research
design must deal with answering to the below
questions :
1. What is the study about?
2. Why is the study being made?
3. Where will the study be carried out?
4. What type of data is required?
5. Where can the required data be found?
6. What period of time will the study include?
7. What will be the sample design?
8. Which techniques of data collection will be used?
9. How will the data be analysed?
10. In what style the report will be prepared?
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5. While answering to the questions discussed in
the previous slide, the overall Research
Design can be split into Four Parts( Kothari
and Garg,2019)
Sampling
Design
Observational
Design
Statistical
Design
Operational
Design
Research
Design
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6. Sampling Design: It explains the method of
selecting the sample for the research study.
Observational Design: It explains the conditions
under which the observations are to be made.
Statistical Design: It explains how many items are
to be observed and how the information and data
gathered is to be analysed.
Operational Design: It explains the techniques by
which the procedures specified in the sampling,
statistical and observational designs can be
carried out.
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7. Types of Research
Design
Exploratory Research
Design
Conclusive Research
Design
Descriptive
Research
Design
Diagnostic
Research
Design
Experimental Research
Design
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8. •To discover insight into new areas and problems.Objective
•Flexible design with great versatility.Characteristics
•Uses Non Probability Sampling Techniques.
•No Pre Planned Analysis Techniques.
•Uses Methods of Expert Survey, Secondary Data and Case
Studies for Data Collection.
Methodology
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9. •To describe the characteristics of a phenomenon.Objective
•Well developed, Pre Planned and Structured.Characteristics
•Probability Sampling Techniques.
•Pre Planned Analysis Techniques.
•Data Collected through Primary and Secondary Surveys.
Methodology
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10. • To develop a Cause and Effect relationship
between variables.
Objective
• Structured and involve manipulations of one
or more variables.
Characteristics
• Well defined Sampling Plan.
• Data is collected through experiment under
controlled or natural conditions.
Methodology
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11. Bajpai N. (2015). Research design formulations. In Business
research methods (pp. 49). Nodia: Pearson Education.
Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S., & Sharma, J. K. (2012). Measurement
scales. In Business Research Methods (8th ed., pp. 341).
New Delhi: Mc. Graw Hill Education (India).
Gupta S.K. & Rangi P.(2017). Research Designs In Research
Methodology (4th ed., pp3.5).Punjab: Kalyani
Publishers(India).
Kerlinger F. N.(1986) Foundations of Behavioural Research. (3rd
ed.,pp.279). New York: Holt, Rine Heart& Winston.
Kothari C. R. & Garg G.(2019). Research Designs. In Research
Methodology Methods and Techniques( 4th ed., pp.29-38)
New Delhi: New Age International Publishers(India).
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12. This Power Point Presentation has been made
while referring to the research books written
by eminent, renowned and expert authors as
mentioned in the references section. The
purpose of this Presentation is to help the
research students in developing an insight
about the Research Design. I hope the
students will find this presentation useful for
them.
All the Best
Dr. Shaloo Saini
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