In this presentation I have discuss details research process and you can easily understand the main concept of research process

1. RESEARCH PROCESS
By IrfanYaqoob

2. Content Discuss in the Presentation
• Research Design
• Purpose of research Design
• Detail Research Process

3. Research Design
• Refers to the plan, structure, and strategy of research--the blueprint that will
guide the research process.
• Focuses on the end-product:What kind of study is being planned and what kind of
results are aimed at.

4. Purpose of Research Design
• The purposes and criteria for formulating a design of research, conditions for
judging causality, and use of research design as a control of variance are discussed.
The purpose of a research design is to provide a plan of study that permits
accurate assessment of cause and effect relationships between independent and
dependent variables.

5. Research Process
• Research process is the way how research is carried out or how the solution of the
given problem is carried out.

6. Research Process
• Diagram

7. Discuss the research process in details
• Observation In research:
• Observation is a method of data collection in which researchers observe within a
specific research field. It is sometimes referred to as an unobtrusive method.
• The research is better able to understand and capture the context within which
people interact.
• It provides a chance to learn things that people may be unwilling to discuss in an
interview.

8. Continue…
• Preliminary Data Gathering:
• Interviews and focus groups are the most common methods of data collection,
Interviews can be used to explore the views, experiences, beliefs and motivations
of individual participants. Focus group use group dynamics to generate qualitative
data.
• Beside this surveys are conducted to collect data.

9. • Problem Definition:
• A research problem is a definite or clear expression [statement] about an area of
concern, a condition to be improved upon, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a
troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or within existing
practice that points to a need for meaningful understanding and deliberate
investigation. A research problem does not state how to do something, offer a
vague or broad proposition, or present a value question.

10. • Theoretical Framework:
• Theories are formulated to explain, predict, and understand phenomena and, in
many cases, to challenge and extend existing knowledge within the limits of
critical bounding assumptions.The theoretical framework is the structure that can
hold or support a theory of a research study.
• Generation Of hypothesis:
• Simpler, more tentative explanation that can be tested.
• statement which can be positive or negative.

11. • A research hypothesis is simpler and more tentative than a theory.That is, any
particular hypothesis may represent only a small part of the theory. Several
criteria determine whether a hypothesis is testable (i.e., can be investigated in a
research study). First, the concepts addressed by the hypothesis must be clearly
defined and measurable.

12. • Data Collection analysis and Interpretation:
• Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on variables
of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated
research questions, test hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes. Once data is
collected by qualitative or quantitative methods now data is analysed.
• Data Analysis involves actions and methods performed on data that help describe
facts, detect patterns, develop explanations and test hypotheses.This includes
data quality assurance, statistical data analysis, modelling, and interpretation of
results. Data analysis and interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to
the collected information and determining the conclusions, significance, and
implications of the findings.

13. • ReportWriting:
• Report is a condensed form or a brief description of the research work done by researcher.
It involves several steps to present the report in the form of thesis or dissertation.
• Title Page
• Table of content
• Abstract
• Methodology
• Results (Tables, Graphs)
• Conclusion (what was found)
• Recommendations (Suggest suitable change)
• Reference