This document discusses the classification of turbines. Turbines are devices that extract energy from fluid by converting the fluid's energy into mechanical energy. Turbines can be classified based on the head and quantity of water available, the hydraulic action of water, the direction of water flow through the runner, the specific speed, and the disposition of the runner shaft. The main types of turbines discussed are Pelton, Francis, Kaplan, impulse, and reaction turbines.
Applications of turbines-Hydroelectric Power PlantsAnand Prithviraj
Different types of turbines used in hydroelectric power plants based on the working parameters such as head, flow, etc., Characteristics of a turbine; specific to its applications in a dam.
The boiler system comprises a feed-water system, steam system, and fuel system. The feed-water system supplies treated water to the boiler and regulate it automatically to meet the steam demand. Various valves and controls are provided to access for maintenance and monitoring.
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
Applications of turbines-Hydroelectric Power PlantsAnand Prithviraj
Different types of turbines used in hydroelectric power plants based on the working parameters such as head, flow, etc., Characteristics of a turbine; specific to its applications in a dam.
The boiler system comprises a feed-water system, steam system, and fuel system. The feed-water system supplies treated water to the boiler and regulate it automatically to meet the steam demand. Various valves and controls are provided to access for maintenance and monitoring.
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
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A boiler or steam generator is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water. Although the definitions are somewhat flexible, it can be said that older steam generators were commonly termed boilers and worked at low to medium pressure.
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hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
Hydraulic Turbines-Classification,Impulse and Reaction Turbine, Layout of Hyd...Mechanicalstudents.com
Hydraulic turbines are machines which convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. If the machine transforms mechanical energy into hydraulic energy it is called a pump. Thus in turbines, fluid does work on the machine and machine produces power. but, the pump absorbs the power and work is done on the fluid.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/hydraulic-turbines-classification-impulse-and-reaction-turbine-layout-of-hydroelectric-power-plant/
Coal Fired Power Plant
-Types of coal
-Traditional coal-burning power
plant
-Emission control for traditional
coal burning plant
-Advanced coal-burning power
plant
-Environmental effects of coal
Basics of centrifugal. Topics covered are operating principles, energy conversion, components in centrifugal pump, the concept of NPSH, pump rating calculation and affinity laws
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A boiler or steam generator is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water. Although the definitions are somewhat flexible, it can be said that older steam generators were commonly termed boilers and worked at low to medium pressure.
Watch Video of this presentation on Link: https://youtu.be/xIGlZ3UvLdw
For notes/articles, Visit my blog (link is given below).
For Video, Visit our YouTube Channel (link is given below).
Any Suggestions/doubts/reactions, please leave in the comment box.
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hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
Hydraulic Turbines-Classification,Impulse and Reaction Turbine, Layout of Hyd...Mechanicalstudents.com
Hydraulic turbines are machines which convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. If the machine transforms mechanical energy into hydraulic energy it is called a pump. Thus in turbines, fluid does work on the machine and machine produces power. but, the pump absorbs the power and work is done on the fluid.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/hydraulic-turbines-classification-impulse-and-reaction-turbine-layout-of-hydroelectric-power-plant/
Coal Fired Power Plant
-Types of coal
-Traditional coal-burning power
plant
-Emission control for traditional
coal burning plant
-Advanced coal-burning power
plant
-Environmental effects of coal
Basics of centrifugal. Topics covered are operating principles, energy conversion, components in centrifugal pump, the concept of NPSH, pump rating calculation and affinity laws
Watch Video of this presentation on Link: https://youtu.be/OFIgUfclEHU
For notes/articles, Visit my blog (link is given below).
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This presentation will educate you with the basics and types of a turbine . For info on any topics related to mechanical , feel free to inbox me . I'm available at vijayvicky.vicky7@gmail.com
Jet propulsion means the propulsion or movement of the bodies such as ships, aircrafts, rocket etc. with the help of jet.
It is well known from Newton’s Law that to change momentum of fluid, a force is required. Similarly, when momentum of fluid is changed, a force is generated. This principle is made use in hydraulic turbine.
A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fast moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid and converts it into useful work. Also a turbine is a turbo-machine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. According to the fluid used:
• Water Turbine
• Steam Turbine
• Gas Turbine
• Wind Turbine
Although the same principles apply to all turbines, their specific designs differ sufficiently to merit separate descriptions.
Working Principle Water Turbine
• When the fluid strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades are displaced, which produces rotational energy.
• When the turbine shaft is directly coupled to an electric generator mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
• This electrical power is known as hydroelectric power.
In a hydraulic turbine, water is used as the source of energy. Water or hydraulic turbines convert kinetic and potential energies of the water into mechanical power. Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water kinetic energy.
Classification
Based on hydraulic action of water
Based on direction of flow
Based on head of water and quantity of flow
Based on specific speed
Based on disposition of turbine shaft
Based on name of originator (commonly used turbines)
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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2. Hydraulic machinery
• Turbine is a device that extracts energy from a
fluid (converts the energy held by the fluid to
mechanical energy)
• Pumps are devices that add energy to the fluid
(e.g. pumps, fans, blowers and compressors).
2
3. Turbines
• Hydro electric power is the most remarkable
development pertaining to the exploitation of
water resources throughout the world
• Hydroelectric power is developed by hydraulic
turbines which are hydraulic machines.
• Turbines convert hydraulic energy or hydro-
potential into mechanical energy.
• Mechanical energy developed by turbines is
used to run electric generators coupled to the
shaft of turbines
• Hydro electric power is the most cheapest
source of power generation. 3
4. Turbines
• J.V. Poncelet first introduced the idea of the
development of mechanical energy through
hydraulic energy
• Modern hydraulic turbines have been developed
by L.A. Pelton (impulse), G. Coriolis and J.B.
Francis (reaction) and V Kaplan (propeller)
4
6. Types of turbines
Turbines can be classified on the basis of:
• Head and quantity of water available
• Hydraulic action of water
• Direction of flow of water in the runner
• Specific speed of turbines
• Disposition of the shaft of the runner
6
7. • Based on head and quantity of water
According to head and quantity of water available, the
turbines can be classified into
a) High head turbines
b) Medium head turbines
c) Low head turbines
a) High head turbines
High head turbines are the turbines which work
under heads more than 250m. The quantity of water
needed in case of high head turbines is usually small.
The Pelton turbines are the usual choice for high heads.
Classification of turbines
7
8. • Based on head and quantity of water
b) Medium head turbines
The turbines that work under a head of 45m to 250m
are called medium head turbines. It requires medium
flow of water. Francis turbines are used for medium
heads.
c) Low head turbines
Turbines which work under a head of less than 45m
are called low head turbines. Owing to low head,
large quantity of water is required. Kaplan turbines
are used for low heads.
Classification of turbines
8
9. • Based on hydraulic action of water
According to hydraulic action of water, turbines can be
classified into
a) Impulse turbines
b) Reaction turbines
a) Impulse turbines
If the runner of a turbine rotates by the impact or
impulse action of water, it is an impulse turbine.
b) Reaction turbines
These turbines work due to reaction of the pressure
difference between the inlet and the outlet of the runner.
Classification of turbines
9
10. • Based on direction of flow of water in the runner
Depending upon the direction of flow through the
runner, following types of turbines are there
a) Tangential flow turbines
b) Radial flow turbines
c) Axial flow turbines
d) Mixed flow turbines
a) Tangential flow turbines
When the flow is tangential to the wheel circle, it is a
tangential flow turbine. A Pelton turbine is a Tangential
flow turbine.
Classification of turbines
10
11. • Based on direction of flow of water in the runner
b) Radial flow turbines
In a radial flow, the path of the flow of water remains
in the radial direction and in a plane normal to the
runner shaft. No pure radial flow turbine is in use
these days.
c) Axial flow turbines
When the path of flow water remains parallel to the
axis of the shaft, it is an axial flow turbine. The
Kaplan turbine is axial flow turbine
d) Mixed flow turbines
When there is gradual change of flow from radial to
axial in the runner, the flow is called mixed flow. The
Francis turbine is a mixed flow turbine.
Classification of turbines
11
12. • Based on specific speed of turbines
Specific speed of a turbine is defined as the speed of a
geometrically similar turbine which produces a unit
power when working under a unit head.
The specific speed of Pelton turbine ranges between 8-
30, Francis turbines have specific speed between 50-
250, Specific speed of Kaplan lies between 250-850.
• Based on disposition of shaft of runner
Usually, Pelton turbines are setup with horizontal shafts,
where as other types have vertical shafts.
Classification of turbines
12