I was granted access to TRB database as intern at EGE University, Turkey. Part of my research was to collect existing base data information for our project, synthesize the informations of guiding and design principles and evaluation criteria. Basically my task in this phase of project was to explore a wide range of approaches to improvements Izmir Urban Area (urban design concepts).

1. Turbo-roundabout design
and examples
Iva Močibob, univ.bacc.ing.aedif

2. Five types of four
leg intersection :
• The Netherlands – more than 70
• Slovenia - 11
• Germany - 3
• Hungary – 2
• Belgium – 1
• Indiana (USA) – 2
In this moment there are just few
countries with turbo roundabouts:
•the basic turbo roundabout
•the egg roundabout
•the knee roundabout
•the spiral roundabout
•the rotor roundabout

3.  Basic turbo roundabout and egg roundabout

4.  Knee roundabout and spiral roundabout

5.  Rotor roundabout

6. Three leg roundabouts
 Strached knee and star roundabout

7. GEOMETRIC DESIGN ELEMENTS OF THE TURBO
ROUNDABOUTS
The geometrical form of the turbo roundabout is formed by
the so-called’’turbo block’’.
This is a block or a formation of all the necessary radii,
which must be rotated in a certain way, thereby obtaining
traffic lanes or driving lines.
The size of radii of the standard roundabout with a spiral
course of the circulatory carriageway and the width of the
circulatory traffic lane must be selected in a way that the
speed of driving through the roundabout does not exceed
or equals 40 km/h!

8.  A turbo roundabout consists of spirals.
 These spirals are composed of segments of circular
arcs, often semicircles, with each arc having a larger
radius than the previous arc.
 When the radius of the arc changes, the centre of the arc
changes by a corresponding amount so that the curve
remains continuous... curve has to be marked by a
constant step equal to the transversal spacing between the
lanes -> Archimedean spiral

9. The basic turbo roundabout consists of 2 nested spirals. Each spiral
consists of 3 semicircles with successively larger radii that meet at a
line called the translation axis.
The arcs on the right side of the translation axis have a centre C-right
that is above the overall centre of the roundabout; the arcs on the left
side of the translation axis have a centre C-left that is below the
overall centre.

10. The distance between the centres of the arc segments is called the
shift along the translation axis. The bias of an arc is the distance
from its centre to the overall centre, and is therefore half the shift. In
order for the spiral to be continuous, the shift must equal the change in
radius.

11. The best position of the translatory axle is as if the clock hands
pointed the time: “five minutes to five o’clock” in the case of four
– arm Or “ten minutes past eight o’clock” in the case of three-
arm turbo roundabout!

12. Steps in designing turbo roundabout
Step 1 is to select widths of the
basic elements
 the inner radius
 the inside and outside roadways
 the lane divider
 the offsets between the roadway edges and the lane lines

13. Step 2 is to determine the shifts that the lane lines make.
The actual geometry of a turbo roundabout’s spirals is complicated.
Instead of a single centre point C-right for the semicircular arcs on
the right side of the translation axis, there are two right-side
centre points, one with a slightly larger bias than the other.
The centre point with the larger bias is used to make the transition
from inside edge to the middle divider; the other centre point is
used for the remainder of the spiral. Likewise, the arcs on the left side of the
translation axis have two centre’s with slightly different biases.

14. Step 3 is to calculate the radii of the circular arcs, and to sketch
the turbo block. Depending on the need, one can focus on
spirals representing lane lines, whose arcs have radii R1’ to R4’,
or spirals whose arcs represent the roadway edges, with radii R1
to R4.

16. Step 4 is the global rotation and translation of the turbo block to
match the entering legs.

17. Step 5 is ‘fine tuning’ the position of the translation axis: tangent
point A, where the inner curve of the entrance lanes connects to
the outer curve of the roundabout’s outer lane, should be
positioned after the translation axis.

18. Design of other types of turbo roundabouts
The design process for the basic turbo roundabout is also valid for
the egg roundabout. Other roundabout types have different
spiral patterns and require modifications to the geometric design.
The knee and stretched knee roundabouts are based on a
simple, nested spirals.
A spiral type roundabout has a similar geometry to the basic
turbo roundabout, based on two nested spirals. However, its
spirals have an additional semicircle in order to create a third
circulating lane:

19. Because the shift in lane lines is 5.35 m for the transition from the
inside to the first divider and from the first divider to the second
divider, arcs corresponding to the inside of the roundabout and the
first divider (radii R1, R2 and R3, as well as R1’, R2’ and R3’) are
drawn from a centre with bias equal to 5.35/2; the remaining, outer
arcs are drawn from a centre with smaller bias 5.05/2. Calculation of
the arc radii follows a similar logic to that used for the basic turbo
roundabout.

20. Rotor roundabout
The rotor roundabout consists of 4 nested spirals; its turbo
block has four translation axes.

22. Star roundabout
For the star roundabout
which consists of 3
nested spirals, the turbo
block has 3 translation
axes.

23. Radius

24. •The key parameters that determine the performance of a turbo
roundabout are the radii for the different circular arcs and the
lane widths. They are all related to each other. According to
experiences in the Netherlands, the speed on the roundabout is
the lowest when the radius of the inner curve of the inner lane is
about 12 m
•Because low speed is the most important goal for safety, in the
Netherlands the standard dimensions are based on a radius of 12
m for the inner edge of the inside lane

25. Start of the inner lane
In the past they were designed with smooth curves but sometimes
this approach caused confusion, as drivers entering the roundabout
in the right entry lane mistakenly expected continuing traffic on the
roundabout to shift into the inner lane. Therefore, nowadays the
preferred design is for the inner lane to start abruptly.

26. Turbo roundabout with traffic signals
...a new development in the Netherlands.
It seeks to combine the safety advantages of a turbo
roundabout with traffic flow advantages of traffic signals.
The basic design of a turbo roundabout with traffic signals
is based on the rotor roundabout. One of the main
characteristics of a turbo roundabout with traffic signals is
the fact that each traffic direction has its own
separate lane or lanes. There are no combined lanes to
be used by traffic exiting the roundabout at different exits.

27. Characteristic of signalised turbo roundabouts

29. Currently there is no standard design for a signalized turbo roundabout.
So far the lanes on the roundabout have a width of 8 m at the
transition to a double lane exit. The inner lane is 10 m wide and
reduces to 8 m towards the exit.
Inner lanes cuts through the central island and space gained this way is
used to create driving lanes with large widths that allows large truck
combinations to safely use all lanes simultaneously. There are islands
between the directions of roughly 2.50 m width. All other
measurements depend on local conditions.
2 signalized turbo roundabouts operating in the Netherlands (2009): Doenkadeplein
and Tolhekplein

30. Germany -> Turbo roundabout Baden-Baden
 Opened May 2006.
Roundabout examples

31. -> Zweibruecken

32. Slovenia
 First turbo roundabout in
Maribor 2008, “Titova – M5”

33.  Maribor 2008, “Lackova– M3”, Maribor, Slovenia

35.  Roundabout K1 “Lesnina”, Koper, Slovenia

37.  Roundabout K5 Koper, Slovenia

39.  First idea of roundabout with
depressed lanes –”flower
roundabout”

40. Belgium
The Province of North
Brabant gives a
sustainably safe design of
the road and realizing a
bicycle connection
between Schijndel and 's-
Hertogenbosch.

41. Netherlands
 In the Netherlands multi lane roundabouts are no longer built,
and existing multi lane roundabouts will be reconstructed into
turbo roundabouts. The main reason is the disappointing
performances of multi lane roundabouts on both capacity and
road safety.
Roundabout Diependaalselaan / Utrechtseweg

42. -> Oostereind / Soestdijkerstraatweg, Hilversum

44. -> Roundabout Kerkelanden

45. Joost den Draaijer Roundabout at the Media Park

46. The rumble streep

47. Planned: Leuwarden, Europe tunnel roundabout

48. Turbo roundabout at the Duke Janstraat in Waalwijk

49. Turbo roundabout Roermond -Sittard

50. -> Weert roundabout

51. Croatia roundabouts (planned)
before
Designed by Tedi Zgrablić
Project designer at Via ING doo Pula
Phd student at Uni. of Maribor

52. after
Designed by Tedi Zgrablić
Project designer at Via ING doo Pula
Phd student at Uni. of Maribor

53. Signalized -> Doenkadeplain, Rotterdam,
Zuid-Holand

54. USA
Indiana

55. THANK YOU !!!
Literature:
1. Turbo Roundabouts: Design Principles and Safety Performance, Lambertus G.H. Fortuijn, MSc.,
TRB Annual meeting, 2009
2. Roundabouts - Application and design, A practical manual, Royal Haskoning, Ministry of Transport,
Public Works and Water management Partners for Roads, June 2009
3. D.Sc. Tomaž TOLLAZZI, PLANNING AND DESIGNING OF THE TURBO ROUNDABOUTS, University of
Split, Croatia 2012.
4. Slovenian experiences with „Turbo-Roundabouts”, Tollazzi, Tušelj, Renčelj, 2012.
5. Turborotonde und turboplein, Lambertus G.H. Fortuijn, Thesis series 2013/1
6. TURBO-ROUNDABOUT GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES:CASE STUDIES
FROM REAL WORLD, Giuffrè,Granà, Guerrieri, 2009.
7. Turbo-Roundabout- an Experience from Netherlands and Germany, Werner Brilon, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, Germany
8. Bijlagen bij Turborotonde en turboplein: ontwerp, capaciteit en veiligheid L.G.H. (Bertus) Fortuijn
Special thnx to Tedi Zgrablić, mag.ing.aedif.
phd student at Uni. of Maribor
for letting me use his turbo roundabout designs !!!