The document is a detailed presentation on the maintenance and functionality of electric locomotives at the Ghaziabad Electric Loco Shed, covering aspects such as history, maintenance departments, pantographs, wheel and axle assembly, and air brake systems. It highlights the advantages of electric engines over diesel, including lower maintenance needs and efficiency. The presentation emphasizes the importance of electric locomotives in India and their technical specifications.

1. ABES ENGINEERING COLLEGE GHAZIABAD
INDUSTRIAL SUMMER TRAINING PRESENTATTION
SESSION 2015-16
COMPLETED AT ELECTRIC LOCO SHED GHAZIABAD
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
MR. MAYANK KUSHWAHA PALASH AWASTHI
(ASTT. PROFESSOR) 1203240100

2. PRESENTATION AT A GLANCE
• HISTORY
• MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS AT LOCOSHED
• MAINTENANCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOCOS
• PANTOGRAPH
• WHEEL AND AXLE ASSEMBLY
• AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
• ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES

3. WHAT IS LOCO AND LOCO SHED?
• Loco is the engine of the loco motives .
• It consists of two bogies i.e. 12 wheels .
• The driver also drives the train in the loco.
• The place at which the maintenance of locos is
done, known as loco shed depending upon type
of locos they are termed as electric loco or
diesel loco sheds.

4. HISTORY
• 1st Electric locomotive was built by a Scotsman, Robert
Davidson of Aberdeen in 1837 & powered by batteries.
• 1st Electric passenger train was presented by Werner
von Siemens at Berlin in 1879. Driven by a 2.2 kW motor
& reached a maximum speed of 13 km/h

5. CONTINUED……
• Locomotives in India consist of electric and diesel
locomotives. Locomotives are also
called locos or engines.
• An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by
electricity from overhead lines, an on-board energy
storage device such as a chemical battery or fuel cell
• Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take
advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors.
• Electric Loco Shed was set in 1976 by Railway
Electrification Organisation (8910 SQ. MTRS).
INITIAL COST
Rs. 1.5 (IN CRORES)
PRESENT LOCO HOLDING
185

6. MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTS
• M-1 :WHEEL MAINTENANCE
• M-2: BODY REPAIRING
• M-3:PENTOGRAPH
• M-5:BRAKES
• M-5’: COMPRESSORS

7. LOCOS MAINTENANCE AT SHED
• Ghaziabad electric loco shed serves the Delhi area. It
houses and maintains India's fastest locomotives which
are mostly used in Rajdhani, Shatabdi and Duronto
Expresses. It holds 47 WAP-1 locos as of 2008. It also has
WAP-4, WAP-5, WAP-7 and WAG-5 locos.
• "W" means broad gauge. "A" mean AC electric traction
motive power. "P" means suitable for Passenger service.
"5" denotes that this locomotive is chronologically the
fifth electric locomotive model used by the railways for
passenger service

8. PANTOGRAPH
• Now a days many locos are running through Electricity
with the help of OHE line.
• A pantograph is a device that collects electric current
from overhead lines for electric trains or trams.
• Pantograph is used to connect the loco with OHE line
• Pantograph draws 25 KV of electricity from OHE line,
which is very high AC voltage.

9. CONTINUED….
• It is spring loaded and pushes a contact shoe up against
the contact wire to draw the electricity needed to run
the train.
• Pantographs are typically operated by compressed air
from the vehicle's braking system, either to raise the unit
and hold it against the conductor .

11. HOW DOES A PANTOGRAPH PERFORMS

12. WHEEL AND AXLE ASSEMBLY
• This is the part which is just adjacent to the tracks. It
basically consists of four main parts
a) Wheel
b) Axle
c) Bearing and Housing
• WHEEL
Wheel is specifically made cylindrical portion having
an outer edge shape to fit in the railway track. The
material is stainless steel.

13. CONTINUED……

14. AXLE
• Axle is the main long cylindrical bar on which wheels
are fixed with the help of bearings. This is also made of
stainless steel as above. Each axle contains 2 wheels,
the brake cylinders are also attached to it and in case
of coaches, the braking discs are fixed on to the axle.

15. COMPONENTS OF WHEEL AXLE ASSEMBLY
• Two brake disks (4), diameter 640 mm and width 110 mm.
• In built slack adjusting brake cylinder fitted
• Two wheel disc of tread diameter 915 (New), 845 (worn) .

16. AXLE BEARINGS
• A taper roller cartridge type bearing is used and it
makes up a preassembled unit. The axle bearings on the
bogie are fitted with sensors for detecting speed (whose
signal is elaborated by the ant slipping system) and a
current return device.
• The ends of the control arms are fitted with centering
devices for the primary suspension spring assembly. The
bearing lubricating plug is fitted in the lower part.

17. CONTINUED……
1. Double cup
2. Sealing system
3. Backing ring
AXLE BEARING LONGITUDINAL SECTION

18. AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
In Air Brake system compressed air is used for
operating the brake system. The locomotive
compressor charges the feed pipe and the brake
pipes throughout the length of the train. The
feed pipe is connected to the auxiliary
reservoirs and the brake pipe is connected to
the brake cylinders through the distributor
valve.

19. COMPONENTS OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
• Brake Container (Brake Equipment Panel)
• or Pressure Tanks (125 litres, 75 litres, 6 litres)
• Indicators
• Distributor valve
• B.P./F.P. Couplings and Hoses
• Emergency Brake Pull Box
• Emergency Brake valve
• Bogie Brake Equipment, consisting of-
• Brake Discs
• Speed Sensor/Pulse Generator

20. TYPES OF AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
Straight air brake: In the air brake's simplest form, called
the straight air system, compressed air pushes on a piston in
a cylinder. The piston is connected through mechanical
linkage to brake shoes that can rub on the train wheels, using
the resulting friction to slow the train. The mechanical linkage
can become quite elaborate, as it evenly distributes force
from one pressurized air cylinder to 8 or 12 wheels.
The pressurized air comes from an air compressor in the
locomotive and is sent from car to car by a train line made up
of pipes beneath each car and hoses between cars. The
principal problem with the straight air braking system is that
any separation between hoses and pipes causes loss of air
pressure and hence the loss of the force applying the brakes.
This could easily cause a runaway train. Straight air brakes
are still used on locomotives, although as a dual circuit
system, usually with each bogie (truck) having its own circuit.

22. WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE

23. CONTINUED…
• In order to design a system without the shortcomings of
the straight air system, Westinghouse invented a system
wherein each piece of railroad rolling stock was
equipped with an air reservoir and a triple valve, also
known as a control valve
• The triple valve is described as being so named as it
performs three functions: Charging air into an air tank
ready to be used, applying the brakes, and releasing
them

24. BRAKE APPLICATION
• The driver lowers the Break Pipe pressure by engaging
the A-9 valve in the engine.
• This loss in pressure is transmitted from one bogey to
the next.
• Since cylinder pressure remains same, the main
diaphragm(above the cylinder) moves up in response to
the pressure drop in Distributor Valve.
• As a result the ‘three pressure valve’ opens the AR
Brake Cylinder port .
• Thus the AR pressure of 6 kg/cm^2 flows into the Brake
Cylinder through pressure limiters which reduces BC
pressure to 3.8.

25. BRAKE RELEASE
• BP pressure is again increased to 5 kg/cm2.
• Consequently, main diaphragm move down and
the ‘three pressure valve’ closes the AR-BC port
and opens the BC- atm port.
• BC pressure is released and the brake caliper is
disengaged.

26. ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
• Electric engines do not produce much heat and noise.
• Electric engines are therefore easier to maintain
whereas the moving parts of a diesel engine require
constant maintenance.
• The simple nature of the electric engine makes them
efficient and powerful.
• Electric engines are light weight, constituting only
motors and wheel axles, and have almost no moving
parts.
• Do Not Produce Smock.