Medicity Hospital is a top multispecialty and super specialty hospital located in Kharghar, Navi Mumbai. It has a wide range of medical specialties and services including interventional procedures and diagnostics. The hospital is well-equipped with modern technologies and equipment for immediate and advanced medical care.

2.  Medicity Hospital is a top tier multispecialty hospital &
Super specialty hospital in Navi Mumbai (Kharghar).
 It has wide range of medical & super specialties including
intervention & dignoistics and is well equipped with latest &
modern state of art equipments for immediate & advanced
medical care & best Gynaecologists as well.
 Located at Kharghar, sector7, Aum Sai CHS, Plot no-C/23,
next to Royal Tulip Hotel.

3.  Tuberculosis is a disease caused by infection with a bacteria
called Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

4.  Tuberculosis spread through tiny drops sprayed into the air
when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks, or
another person breathes the air into their lungs containing
the TB bacteria.

5.  1.45 million people died in 2010 due to TB
 equally to 3800 deaths per day
 8.8 million new cases of TB in 2010
 Global incidence rate of 128/100 000
 Most cases occurred in
 Asia (59%) and
 Africa (26%)

6.  M. tuberculosis causes most TB cases in U.S.
 Mycobacteria that cause TB:
 M. tuberculosis
 M. bovis
 M. africanum
 M. microti
 M. canetti
 Mycobacteria that do not cause TB
 e.g., M. avium complex

7.  Person-to-person through the air by a person with TB
disease of the lungs
 Less frequently transmitted by:
• Ingestion of Mycobacterium bovis found in
unpasteurized milk products
• Laboratory accident

8.  One cough can release 3,000 droplet nuclei.
 One sneeze can release tens of thousands of droplet
nuclei.
 Millions of tubercle bacilli in lungs (mainly in cavities)
 Coughing projects droplet nuclei into the air that contain
tubercle bacilli
 Large droplets settle to the ground quickly
 Smaller droplets form “droplet nuclei” of 1–5 µ in
diameter
 Droplet nuclei can remain airborne

9.  LTBI stands for Latent TB Infection.
 If the immune system is compromised, then the bacilli
multiply and spread to other sites in the body. People who
have TB infection but not TB disease are NOT infectious -
in other words, they cannot spread the infection to other
people
 Persons with LTBI have a low bacillary load (e.g., ≤~103)

10.  If a person has a healthy immune system, the body will wall
off the bacteria and keep it asleep (latent). In areas where
the prevalence of HIV is low, the majority of people exposed
and infected with TB are able to contain the infection
 A small proportion, however, will progress to primary, active
TB disease. This generally will be individuals with a
weakened immune system such as those with HIV infection,
or as with infants, because their immune system is not fully
developed
 The highest risk period for early progression to disease is
within the first year or two following infection.

11. • Tuberculosis disease can develop very soon after infection or many years after
infection
• In individuals without HIV co-infection, about 5% of people who have been
recently infected with M. tuberculosis will develop TB disease in the first year or
two after infection. Another 5% will develop disease later in their lives. The
remaining 90% will stay infected, but free of disease for the rest of their lives
• It’s important to remember that not all patients with active TB disease will have a
positive Mantoux TST (approx. 75% will have +TST and this percentage is lower
in HIV infected patients). Never stop evaluating a patient for active TB simply
because the Mantoux TST is 00mm!
• The chest X-ray will often show abnormalities suggestive of active TB but may
be within normal limits for some patients with active disease, particularly if they
also have HIV. This will be covered in more detail in Module 5 on Case Finding
and Diagnosis

12.  Clinical features are not confirmatory.
 Zeil Nielson Stain
 Adenosine deaminase test
 Culture most sensitive and specific test.
 Conventional Lowenstein Jensen media 3-6 wks.
 Automated techniques within 9-16 days
 PCR is available, but should only be performed by
experienced laboratories
 Mantoux test

13.  Infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis leads delayed
hypersensitivity reaction which can be detected by Mantoux
test
 About 2 to 4 weeks after infection, intracutaneous injection
of purified protein derivative (PPD) of M.tuberculosis
induces a visible and palpable induration that peaks in 48 to
72 hours

14.  Sub cutaneous
 Weal formation
 Itching – no scratch.
 Read after 72 hours.
 Induration size.
 5-10-15mm

15. http://www.khargharmedicityhospital.com