Diarrhea is caused by a virus, parasite, or bacterium. It can spread quickly from person-to-person, especially in daycare centers. Some of the causes of infectious diarrhea, such as Campylobacteriosis, shiga-toxin producing E. coli, giardiasis, salmonellosis and shigellosis, are discussed in their own fact sheets found in this document.

2.  Medicity Hospital is a top tier multispecialty hospital &
Super specialty hospital in Navi Mumbai (Kharghar).
 It has wide range of medical & super specialties including
intervention & dignoistics and is well equipped with latest &
modern state of art equipments for immediate & advanced
medical care & best Gynaecologists and joint replacement in
Navi Mumbai.
 Located at Kharghar, sector7, Aum Sai CHS, Plot no-C/23,
next to Royal Tulip Hotel.

3.  Infectious Diarrhea is caused by a virus, parasite, or
bacterium. It can spread quickly from person-to-person,
especially in daycare centers. Some of the causes of
infectious diarrhea, such as Campylobacteriosis, shiga-toxin
producing E. coli, giardiasis, salmonellosis and shigellosis,
are discussed in their own fact sheets found in this
document.
 There are other agents that can also cause infectious diarrhea
in children.
 Although these other disease-causing organisms are not
discussed in detail, the general principles outlined in this
section are applicable to prevent the spread of any of these
germs.

4.  Non-infectious Diarrhea can be caused by toxins
(e.g., certain types of food poisoning), chronic
diseases (e.g., cystic fibrosis) or antibiotics (e.g.,
ampicillin). Non-infectious diarrhea does not spread
from person-to-person.

5.  Anyone can catch infectious diarrhea. It can spread
especially quickly among babies and young children
who are not toilet-trained or who may not wash their
hands well after going to the bathroom.
 It can also easily spread to the adults taking care of
them and helping them with diapering and toileting.

6.  Two main dangers of diarrhea are death and malnutrition.
Death from acute diarrhea is most often caused by loss of a
large amount of water and salt from the body. This loss is
called dehydration.
 Dysentery is another important cause of death related to
diarrhea.
 Malnutrition reasons:-
a) Nutrients are lost from the body in diarrhea,
b) A child with diarrhea may not be hungry, and
c) Mothers may not feed children while they have diarrhea, or
even for some days after the diarrhea is better.

7.  The body normally takes in the water and salts it needs
through drinks and food. It normally loses water and salts
through stool, urine and sweat.
 When the bowel is healthy, water and salts pass from the
bowel into the blood. When there is diarrhea, the bowel does
not work normally. Less water and salts pass into the blood,
and more pass from the blood into the bowel.
 This larger than normal loss of water and salts from the
body results in dehydration. It occurs when the output of
water and salts is greater than the input. The more diarrhea
stools a child passes, the more water and salts he/she loses.

8.  Fever:- Paracetamol can be given to lower the fever. In
areas with malaria, fever is often a sign of malaria and the
child will need the appropriate malaria treatment.
 Severe Malnutrition:- If you weigh children in the clinic,
this will alert you that a child may need nutritional
management.
 Respiratory Problem:- Children who have signs of
respiratory problems should be assessed for pneumonia.
Children with pneumonia should be given an antibiotic and
treated appropriately for the pneumonia or referred to a
treatment facility.

9.  Diagnosis:-
 The germs can be diagnosed by stool cultures or by looking
at stool under a microscope for eggs or parasites. (The
healthcare provider will ask for a stool sample and send it to
a laboratory for analysis). The physician will decide on
appropriate treatment.
 If dehydration occurs, the child should be brought to a
community health worker or health centre for treatment The
best treatment for dehydration is oral therapy with a solution
made with ORS.
 Prevention:-
 Hand washing is the most important way to stop the spread.

10. http://www.khargharmedicityhospital.com