thermo mechanical analysis

This document discusses various materials testing techniques, including thermal testing methods like differential scanning calorimetry and differential thermal analysis. It focuses on thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA), where a sample is heated in a furnace while a probe applies and measures stress to detect deformation from thermal expansion or softening. TMA uses different probe types depending on whether compression, penetration, or tension measurements are needed. It can control force dynamically or statically to analyze properties like stress-strain, creep, and stress relaxation.