Tool wear mechanisms

1. Course code ME3493 Course name Manufacturing Technology
Year/sem 2/4 Unit no 1
Course Instructor: M.Karthikeyan AP/Mech
UNIT 1 MECHANICS OF METAL CUTTING
Mechanics of chip formation, forces in machining, Types of chips, cutting tools – single point
cutting tool nomenclature, orthogonal and oblique metal cutting, thermal aspects, cutting tool
materials, tool wear, tool life, surface finish, cutting fluids and Machinability
Types of cutting tool wear mechanism
1. Abrasion wear
2. Adhesion wear
3. Diffusion wear
4. Chemical wear
5. Fatigue wear
6. Oxidation wear
7. Electrolyte wear
Abrasion wear mechanism
• If one of the surface contain very hard particles, then these particles
will dislodge the material from the other surface during the process of
sliding.
AAA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Managed by Panjurajan – Amaravathy Trust and Promoted by Vinayaga- Sony Group of Industries
Accredited by NBA (CSE, ECE, EEE & MECHANICAL), (Accredited by NAAC with “A” grade)
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
(An ISO 21001: 2018 Certified Institution)
Amathur, Sivakasi - 626 005.
Department of Mechanical Engineering

2. Adhesion wear mechanism
• Because of friction and plastic deformation high temperature is
produced during the cutting process. It will cause welding action on
tool surface by work material
Diffusion wear mechanism
• It was caused by the displacement of atoms due to high temperature
at the tool-work-chip interface.
Chemical wear mechanism
• Chemical reaction occur between tool and workpiece in the presence
of cutting fluid.
• Due to this chemical reaction, the material was removed from the
surface of tool due to erosion

3. Fatigue wear mechanism
On microscopic level hill of tool will be eroded and fresh hill will be
formed by interaction with the workpiece. This is known as fatigue type of
wear mechanism.
Oxidation wear mechanism
At high temperature, oxidation rate is high, hence it will decrease
the strength of a tool and finally it will create a wear at the cutting edge.
Electrolyte wear mechanism
It occurs due to galvanic action between tool and workpiece