This document discusses personality and its key aspects. It defines personality as the unique way an individual reacts and interacts with others. It describes Freud's view that personality has three structures - the id, ego, and superego. It also outlines the Big Five personality traits of extroversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness. Finally, it summarizes Carl Rogers' self theory which proposes that individuals have a self-image, ideal self, looking glass self, and real self.

1.  SUBMITTED TO:
 PROF. PRETTY BHALLA
 SUBMITTED BY:
 SIMANPREET KAUR
 BBA 4TH
 1522342
 IH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

2.  The term personality is derived from Latin word
“Persona” meaning Mask.

3.  Personality is the sum total way in
which an individual reacts and
interact each other.

5.  According to Floyd L. Ruch, “Personality
includes external appearance and behavior, inner
awareness of self as a permanent organizing
force and particular pattern or organization of
measurable traits, both inner and outer.”

9.  Freud argued that
personality is
divided into three
structures.
 Id
 Ego
 Superego

10.  The id is “the primitive, instinctive
component of personality that operates
according to the pleasure principle.
 The ego is “the decision making
components of personality that that
operates according to the reality principle.
 The superego is “the moral component of
personality that incorporates social
standards about which represents right and
wrong.

15.  Extroversion: The personality trait reflects the
person’s comfort level with relationships. The
opposite of extrovert is introvert which refers to
those who are quite and reserved.
 Emotional Stability: This trait captures a
person’s ability to withstand stress. People with
high emotional stability tend to be calm and
confident on the other hand people with low
emotional stability are tend to be nervous and
depressed.
 Agreeableness: It refers to person’s ability to get
along with others. Highly agreeable people are
cooperative and caring. However people who score

16.  Low on this trait are uncooperative and self-
centered.
 Conscientiousness: This personality trait is
measure of reliability. It refers to a people who are
dependable, responsible, organized and systematic.
People with low conscientiousness tend to be
unreliable and careless.
 Openness: This personality trait reflects a person’s
interests and creativity. Extremely open people are
creative and innovative. They are willing to listen
new ideas and change their own ideas. On the other
hand those who score less on this trait are less
receptive to new ideas, more fixed in their way and
conventional.

17.  The self theory is given be Carl Rogers.
 Rogers believed humans are born with a
desire to be the best they can. Self-
actualisation is the motivating force to
achieving their full potential. The few
factors of self theory.

18.  Self Image: It is the way one see himself. Every person
has certain beliefs about who or what he is, taken
together these beliefs are person’s self image or identity.
 Ideal Self: It denotes the way one would like to be. Thus
the self image is the reality whereas ideal image is the
perception.
 Looking Glass Self: Looking glass self is the perception
of others. It is the way one think people perceive about
him and the way people actually see him.
 Real Self: The real image self is what one really is. The
first three aspects of self concept are the perceptions and
they maybe same or different as the real self.