Posture - a perquisite for functional abilities in daily life. Posture is a combination of anatomy and physiology with inherent application of bio-mechanics and kinematics. Sitting, standing, walking are all functional activities depending on the ability of the body to support that posture to carry out each activity. Injuries and pathologies either postural or structural can massively change the bio-mechanics of posture and thus affect functional abilities.
Knee joint anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and assessmentRadhika Chintamani
the knee complex complete anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and its physical assessment in one single slideshow.a brief table given for easy understanding of what special test to be performed in which condition along with evidences of each special test.
small correction in slide number: 10
during flexion of tibia over femur in OKC; tibia glides and rolls posteriorly
during extension of tibia over femur in OKC: tibia glides and rolls anteriorly
this is a slide show which gives in brief about anatomy and detailed description about biomechanics as well as pathomechanics of shoulder joint. various rhythms of shoulder complex are discussed as well along with the stability factors
Posture - a perquisite for functional abilities in daily life. Posture is a combination of anatomy and physiology with inherent application of bio-mechanics and kinematics. Sitting, standing, walking are all functional activities depending on the ability of the body to support that posture to carry out each activity. Injuries and pathologies either postural or structural can massively change the bio-mechanics of posture and thus affect functional abilities.
Knee joint anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and assessmentRadhika Chintamani
the knee complex complete anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics and its physical assessment in one single slideshow.a brief table given for easy understanding of what special test to be performed in which condition along with evidences of each special test.
small correction in slide number: 10
during flexion of tibia over femur in OKC; tibia glides and rolls posteriorly
during extension of tibia over femur in OKC: tibia glides and rolls anteriorly
this is a slide show which gives in brief about anatomy and detailed description about biomechanics as well as pathomechanics of shoulder joint. various rhythms of shoulder complex are discussed as well along with the stability factors
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
Introduction to muscle energy techniques (METs)Fared Alkordi
The use of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs) to reduce muscle pain and improve muscle length. Types, physiological mechanisms and practical techniques in clinical settings.
Co-ordination Exercise,Definitions,Nervous control,Motor pathway,Cerebral cortex,Kinesthetic sensation,Causes of Incoordination,Flaccidity
Spasticity ,Cerebellar ataxia,Loss of kinesthetic sensation,Types of coordination,Posterior column,Test for Incoordination.
this slideshow describes about the hip joint anatomy, biomechanics and its pathomechanics along with angles of hip joint. the slide show also briefs about the pelvic femoral rhythm in daily activities
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
Introduction to muscle energy techniques (METs)Fared Alkordi
The use of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs) to reduce muscle pain and improve muscle length. Types, physiological mechanisms and practical techniques in clinical settings.
Co-ordination Exercise,Definitions,Nervous control,Motor pathway,Cerebral cortex,Kinesthetic sensation,Causes of Incoordination,Flaccidity
Spasticity ,Cerebellar ataxia,Loss of kinesthetic sensation,Types of coordination,Posterior column,Test for Incoordination.
this slideshow describes about the hip joint anatomy, biomechanics and its pathomechanics along with angles of hip joint. the slide show also briefs about the pelvic femoral rhythm in daily activities
Presentation examining the track and field events from a strength coach's perspective. Part of a presentation I did at the 2013 Australian Track and Field Coach's Association's Coaching Congress.
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Belgium Vs Romania Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Euro Cup international supporters can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform Worldwideticketsandhospitality.com. Followers can book Portugal Vs Czechia Tickets on our website at sale prices.
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Poland Vs Netherlands Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Croatia vs Italy Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Poland Vs Austria Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Ukraine Euro Cup 2024 Squad Sergiy Rebrov's Selections and Prospects.docxEuro Cup 2024 Tickets
After securing their spot through the playoff route, Ukraine is gearing up for their fourth consecutive European Championship. Ukraine first qualified as hosts in 2012, but in 2016
Belgium vs Slovakia Belgium announce provisional squad for Euro Cup 2024 Thib...Eticketing.co
Euro 2024 fans worldwide can book Belgium vs Slovakia Tickets from our online platform www.eticketing.co. Fans can book Euro Cup Germany Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Albania vs Spain Euro Cup 2024 Very Close Armando Broja Optimistic Albania Wi...Eticketing.co
Euro Cup 2024 fans worldwide can book Albania vs Spain Tickets from our online platform www.eticketing.co. Fans can book Euro Cup Germany Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Spain vs Italy Spain at Euro Cup 2024 Group, Fixtures, Players to Watch and M...Eticketing.co
Euro Cup 2024 fans worldwide can book Spain vs Italy Tickets from our online platform www.eticketing.co. Fans can book Euro Cup Germany Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Turkey's Euro 2024 Squad Overview and Transfer Speculation.docxEuro Cup 2024 Tickets
Vincenzo Montella has announced a preliminary 35-man squad for Turkey ahead of the UEFA Euro 2024, which includes three Serie A players, Hakan Calhanoglu, Kenan Yildiz, and Zeki Celik
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Denmark Vs England Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Narrated Business Proposal for the Philadelphia Eaglescamrynascott12
Slide 1:
Welcome, and thank you for joining me today. We will explore a strategic proposal to enhance parking and traffic management at Lincoln Financial Field, aiming to improve the overall fan experience and operational efficiency. This comprehensive plan addresses existing challenges and leverages innovative solutions to create a smoother and more enjoyable experience for our fans.
Slide 2:
Picture this: It’s a crisp fall afternoon, driving towards Lincoln Financial Field. The atmosphere is electric—tailgaters grilling, fans in Eagles jerseys creating a sea of green and white. The air buzzes with camaraderie and anticipation. You park, join the throng, and make your way to your seat. The stadium roars as the Eagles take the field, sending chills down your spine. Each play is a thrilling dance of strategy and skill. This is what being an Eagles fan is all about—the joy, the pride, and the shared experience.
Slide 3:
But now, the day is marred by frustration. The excitement wanes as you struggle to find a parking spot. The congestion is overwhelming, and tempers flare. The delays mean you miss the pre-game excitement, the tailgate camaraderie, and even the opening kick-off. After the game, the joy of victory or the shared solace of defeat is overshadowed by the stress of navigating out of the parking lot. The gridlock, honking horns, and endless waiting drain the energy and joy from what should have been an unforgettable experience.
Our proposal aims to eliminate these frustrations, ensuring that from arrival to departure, your experience is extraordinary. Efficient parking and smooth traffic flow are key to maintaining the high spirits and excitement that make game days special.
Slide 4:
The Philadelphia Eagles are not just a premier NFL team; they are an integral part of the community, hosting games, concerts, and various events at Lincoln Financial Field. Our state-of-the-art stadium is designed to provide a world-class experience for every attendee. Whether it's the thrill of game day, the excitement of a live concert, or the camaraderie of community events, we pride ourselves on delivering a fan-first experience and maintaining operational excellence across all our activities. Our commitment to our fans and community is unwavering, and we continuously strive to enhance every aspect of their experience, ensuring they leave with unforgettable memories.
Slide 5:
Recent trends show an increasing demand for efficient event logistics. Our customer feedback has consistently highlighted frustrations with parking and traffic. Surveys indicate that a significant number of fans are dissatisfied with the current parking situation. Comparisons with other venues like Citizens Bank Park and Wells Fargo Center reveal that we lag in terms of parking efficiency and convenience. These insights underscore the urgent need for innovation to meet and exceed fan expectations.
Slide 6:
As we delve into the intricacies of our operations, one glaring issue emer
Denmark vs England England Euro Cup squad guide Fixtures, predictions and bes...Eticketing.co
We offer UEFA Euro 2024 Tickets to admirers who can get Denmark vs England Tickets through our trusted online ticketing marketplace. Eticketing. co is the most reliable source for booking Euro Cup Final Tickets. Sign up for the latest Euro Cup Germany Ticket alert.
Euro Cup fans worldwide can book Euro 2024 Tickets from our online platform www.worldwideticketsandhospitality. Fans can book Slovenia Vs Denmark Tickets on our website at discounted prices.
Mock 2024 NHL Draft Experts Divided after Celebrini, Levshunov, Silayev go in...Ice Brek
After the NHL Draft Lottery on Monday, Adam Kimelman, NHL.com’s deputy managing editor,
and Mike G., senior draft writer, Morreale make their predictions for how the first 16 selections
of the 2024 Upper Deck NHL Draft could turn out.
Mock 2024 NHL Draft Experts Divided after Celebrini, Levshunov, Silayev go in...
The Squat: An Analysis
1.
2. Overview
Benefits of the Squat
Myths about the Squat
What the Squat
Actually Does
Safety
Technique
Common Errors
Learning the Squat
Variations
3. Benefits of the Squat
Core strength
Lower body hypertrophy
Sport / Real-life specific strength gains
Bone Mass?
Mobility
4. Myths
Stance width effects muscle recruitment
Stance width/angle of the feet effect the
knees
Angle of the feet effects muscle
recruitment
Squats are bad for the knees
Bar placement effects muscle
recruitment
5. Narrow Stance
87-118% shoulder width
More knee translation
More knee shear
Uses plantar flexors to help restrain
knee translation
7. Effect of Stance on Joint Angle (Escamilla,
et al., 2001)
Joint Angles at Maximum Knee
Flexion
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Hip Trunk Thigh Shank Knee
Joint
JointAngle
NS
MS
WS
8. Effect of Stance on Muscle Recruitment
(Escamilla, et al., 2001)
Peak EMG activity for different squat
stances
0
20
40
60
80
R
F
VL
VM
Lat.Ham
M
ed.Ham
G
astroc
Muscles
%MVIC
NS
WS
9. Stance and muscle recruitment (IEMG)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ad. Long.
Descent
Ad. Long.
Ascent
Muscles/motions
Microvolts
NS
WS
GM GM
What about other muscles? (McCaw & Melrose,
1999)
GM
Desc.
10. Stance and the Knee (Escamilla,
et al. 2001)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Flex
TF
Compr.
Flex
PCL tens.
Flex
PF Comp.
NS
WS
Ext. Ext
.
Ext.
11. Foot Angle?
0 vs. 30 degrees, no effect on tension or
compression
No difference in hamstring, quadricep,
or gastroc activity
Escamilla, R.F. (2001). Knee
biomechanics of the dynamic squat
exercise. MSSE, 33(1), 127-141.
12. Squats Bad for the Knees
Where this comes from:
Karl Klein’s 1961 study
128 deep squatters; “Pan-American games
weightlifters from 1959, weightlifters from
Texas, weightlifters from Austin universities”
386 beginning weight lifting students,
basketball players, and gymnastic students,
never done deep squats
13. Results of Klein’s Study
Squats and Knee Instability
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
Medial Lateral ACL PCL
Ligaments
%withInstability
S Left
S Right
NS Left
NS Right
14. Klein’s Conclusions
“…the deep squat, is basically
responsible for the production of the
ligament instability found.”
“…the deep squat exercise,…should be
discouraged from the standpoint of its
debilitative effect on the ligamental
structures of the knee.”
15. Klein’s Conclusions, Cont.
“In weight training, no more than a 1/2
squat be used… In the squatting
position the thighs should not reach the
right angle or slightly less than parallel
with the floor. The feet should be flat on
the floor.”
16. How Well was the Study Done?
How instability was measured.
Klein’s comments to potential detractors:
“…one has to accept the fact that an
experienced tester is capable of
demonstrating the evidence of stability and
instability of ligaments with relative ease.”
18. What the Squat Actually Does
Tibiofemoral compression
ACL/PCL tension
Patellofemoral compression
Muscle recruitment
19. Tibiofemoral Compression
Too much could damage the menisci
and articular cartilage.
Serves to resist translation of tibia
relative to femur (I.e. protects cruciate
ligaments).
WS squats demonstrate greater levels
of TF compression.
TF compression increases as the knees
flex, decreases as they extend
20. ACL Tension
Escamilla has not observed ACL tension
during the squat (Escamilla, et al., 2001)
regardless of stance.
This is thought to be due to hamstring
activity.
This is in contrast to leg extensions,
where the ACL is loaded as the knee is
near full extension.
21. Squat and ACL
How the squat reduces ACL tension:
Hamstring activity
Gastroc activity
It’s weight bearing (joint compression)
(Neitzel, J.A. & G.J. Davies, 2000)
22. PCL and the Squat (Escamilla, et
al, 2001)
PCL Tension and the Squat
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Flexion
Extension
Knee Angle
Force
Force
23. Squat and the Cruciate
Ligaments
Escamilla recommends avoiding squats
greater than 50-60 degrees of knee
flexion with PCL injuries.
The lack of anterior shear indicates that
the squat may be appropriate for ACL
patients.
24. Patellofemoral Compression
Increases as the knees flex and
decreases as the knees extend.
Escamilla suggests avoiding knee
flexion of greater than 50 degrees when
suffering PF pathologies (stress is
greatest from 50-80 degrees).
25. Muscle Recruitment
Quadriceps:
Activity increases as
knee flexes, decreases
as knees extend.
Peaks at 80-90 degrees
of knee flexion, does not
increase after 90
degrees of flexion.
Vastus lateralis and
medialis produce 40-
50% more activity than
the rectus femoris.
Hamstrings:
More active during
ascent (especially lateral
hamstrings).
Working isometrically
throughout?
26. Muscle Recruitment, cont.
Gastrocnemius:
Activity increases as the knees flex and
decreases as the knees extend.
Acts to restrict knee translation.
May also fire isometrically.
27. Peak Muscle Activity during the Squat
(Escamilla, et al., 2001)
KA at Peak MVIC during Squat
0
20
40
60
80
100
R
F
VL
VM
LH
M
HG
astroc
Muscle
KneeAngle
KA Peak
28. What About Bar Placement?
“High-bar” squats
Bar around C7 vertebrae
Theory: more upright,
more quadriceps
development
Used primarily by
Bodybuilders and
Olympic-lifters
“Low-bar” squats
Bar around spine of
scapula
Theory: more lean, more
focus on hips and lower
back, more weight can
be lifted
Used primarily by
Powerlifters
29. Wretenberg, P., et al. (1996)
Swedish strength athletes; 8 Olers, 6
Plers, all national caliber
65% of 1-RM studied
Olympic Lifters Power Lifters
Mean Age (years) 19 32
Mean Bodyweight (kg) 82 87
Mean 1-RM (kg) 154.38 255
31. Results...
High-bar more upright, joint moments
more evenly distributed between hip and
knee
Low-bar move hip involvement than
high-bar
Actually, powerlifters showed higher
normalized EMG activity for RF, VL, and
BF than weightlifters