The document summarizes the anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder joint. It describes the three joints that make up the shoulder complex - the sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, and glenohumeral joint. For each joint, it outlines the bony structures, ligaments, range of motion, and stabilizing muscles involved. It then discusses the kinetics of the glenohumeral joint, including the static stabilization of the humeral head both with the arm unloaded and loaded at the side through the resultant force of surrounding structures.
THis PPT will give you knowledge about the principles of shoulder; articulating surface, motions, ligamentous structure and musculature structure that related to shoulder region.
Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
They provide MOBILITY for Hand in space by apparent shortening and Lengthening of upper extremity.
They provide Stability for skillful and forceful movements
THis PPT will give you knowledge about the principles of shoulder; articulating surface, motions, ligamentous structure and musculature structure that related to shoulder region.
Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
They provide MOBILITY for Hand in space by apparent shortening and Lengthening of upper extremity.
They provide Stability for skillful and forceful movements
this is a slide show which gives in brief about anatomy and detailed description about biomechanics as well as pathomechanics of shoulder joint. various rhythms of shoulder complex are discussed as well along with the stability factors
this slideshow describes about the hip joint anatomy, biomechanics and its pathomechanics along with angles of hip joint. the slide show also briefs about the pelvic femoral rhythm in daily activities
GONIOMETRY FOR UPPER LIMB DISCUSSES IN CONCISE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GONIOMETERS AVAILABLE FOR MEASURING VARIOUS JOINT ROM, PRINCIPLES OF GONIOMETRY AND PLACEMENT OF GONIOMETER FOR MEASURING RANGE OF MOTION IN UPPER LIMB (SHOULDER, ELBOW, FOREARM AND WRIST JOINT).
this is a slide show which gives in brief about anatomy and detailed description about biomechanics as well as pathomechanics of shoulder joint. various rhythms of shoulder complex are discussed as well along with the stability factors
this slideshow describes about the hip joint anatomy, biomechanics and its pathomechanics along with angles of hip joint. the slide show also briefs about the pelvic femoral rhythm in daily activities
GONIOMETRY FOR UPPER LIMB DISCUSSES IN CONCISE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GONIOMETERS AVAILABLE FOR MEASURING VARIOUS JOINT ROM, PRINCIPLES OF GONIOMETRY AND PLACEMENT OF GONIOMETER FOR MEASURING RANGE OF MOTION IN UPPER LIMB (SHOULDER, ELBOW, FOREARM AND WRIST JOINT).
This presentation describes the anatomy of the shoulder. It discusses all the bones that make up the shoulder joint and also the muscles that are embedded in those bones. It further discusses the blood supply and innervation to those muscles.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
5. Joint between medial end of clavicle and
superolateral aspect of manubrium.
Links the upper extremity directly to thorax.
True synovial joint.,has a fibrocartilagenous
articular disc which divides it into 2
compartments.
Stabilizers of SC Joint:
-Costoclavicular ligament
-Interclavicular ligament
-Sternoclavicular ligaments
Articular disc,anterior,posterior,costoclavicular
and interclavicular ligaments maintans joint
apposition.
Sternoclavicular ligaments-prevents anterior and
posterior translations.
6. Costoclavicular ligament-limits upward and
posterior displacement of clavicle.
Interclavicular ligaments-restraint SC Joint
superiorly.Posterior portion restraints
anterior translation of SC Joint.
Articular Disc-prevents medial displacement
of clavicle while carrying objects at the side
as well as inferior displacement of clavicle via
articular disc.
7.
8. Joint between lateral end of clavicle & acromion of scapula.
Synovial joint
Articular Disc present.
ACROMIO-CLAVICULAR LIGAMENT:
-Superior AC Ligament
-Inferior AC Ligament
:Appose articular surfaces.
:Restraints axial rotation & posterior translation of
clavicle.
CORACOCLAVICULAR LIGAMENT:
-Conoid part: triangular shape
vertically oriented.
posteromedially directed
limits sup inf displacement of clavicle
-Trapezoid part:quadrilateral shape
horizontal in orientation
9. -lat & ant to conoid lig.
-anterolaterally directed
-provide resistance to post.
translatory forces applied to distal
clavicle.
10.
11.
12. Joint between glenoid fossa of scapula and
head of humerus.
Ball and socket joint.
Glenoid fossa faces slight anteriorly.
Angle of Inclination:angle b/w long axis
through the shaft of humerus and the axis
passing though the centre of the humeral
head.Normal value is 130-150 deg. In frontal
plane.
Angle of torsion:the angle b/w the axis
through the humeral haed and neck & an axis
13. the humeral condyles in the transverse
plane.Normal value is 30deg. posteriorly.Thus
the humeral head pos. is normally posterior
torsion or RETROVERSION of the humerus.
GLENOID LABRUM-
-Inc. total available articular surface by
increasing depth or curvature of glenoid fossa.
GLENOHUMERAL CAPSULE-
-Large & loose capsule surrounding GH
joint.
-Taut superiorly & slack anteriorly and
inferiorly when the arm at the side of the body.
14. GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENTS-
-Reinforce GH capsule (extensions of ant. Joint
capsules.
1) Superior GH lig.
2) Middle GH lig.-secondary restraint to inf.
Translation of GH joint with arm abducted &
externaly rotated position.also act as restraint to
ant. Translation with arm abducted to 45deg.
3) Inferior GH lig-3 components(ant. Band,post.
Band & axillary pouches
-primary ant. Stabilizer with arm 90 deg.
Abduction.
15.
16. CORACO-HUMERAL LIGAMENT:
-Resraints inf.translation of humeral head
in dependent arm.
CORACO-ACROMIAL ARCH:
-Osteo-ligamentous vault-covers humeral
head,forms a space with in which lie the
subacromian bursa,rotator cuff &a portion of
long head of biceps.
-consist of coracoid process
posteriorly ,acromian process anteriorly and
coracoacromial lig. Superiorly.
-Functions:1)protection of humeral head
17. against the impingement
2)prevents humeral head from dislocating
superiorly.
BURSAE:
Subacromial or Subdeltoid Bursae.
Permits frictionless movement b/w
humerus & supraspinatus tendon.
18.
19. STERNO-CLAVICULAR JOINT:
3 Rotatory degrees of freedom of SC Joint :
1)Elevation & Depression of clavicle: Around AP axis.
:ROM-Elevation:48 deg.
-Passive depression:15 deg.
:Lateral clavicle rotates upward in Elevation &
downward in Depression.
2)Protraction & Retraction of clavicle:Around
vertical(supero-inferior) axis.
:ROM-Protraction:15-20 deg.
-Retraction:20-30 deg.
:Lateral clavicle rotates anteriorly in Protraction &
posteriorly in Retraction.
20. 3)Anterior& Posterior Rotation of Clavicle:
:Occurs around a longitudanal axis through
clavicle intersecting SC & AC joints.
:Clavicle rotates posteriorly from its neutral
position and then , rolls anteriorly from its
fully rotated position.
:ROM:Posterior Rotation:50 deg.
:Anterior Rotation:10 deg.
21.
22.
23. ACROMIO-CLAVICULAR JOINT:
1)INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION:
:Occurs around vertical axis through AC
Joint.
:Brings glenoid fossa anteromedially
(Int.rotation) & posterolaterally(Ext.rotation).
:Maintain contact of scapula with
horizontal curvature of thorax when clavicle
protracts &retracts as a result of humeral
elevation.
:Normal value:30 deg.
2)ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR TIPPING
:Tilting of scapula in relation to clavicle.
24. :Occurs around an oblique “coronal axis”
through AC Joint.
:Anterior Tipping:Acromion process tips
forward & inf. Angle tips backward.
:Posterior Tipping:Acromion Process tips
backward & inf. Angle tips forward.
:Normal value:60 deg.
3)UPWARD/DOWNWARD ROTATION
:Rotation of glenoid fossa upward or
downward.
:Upward rotation: Coracoid process move
inferiorly but restricted due to tension in
coraco-clavicular ligament.
:Normal value:30 deg.
25.
26.
27. GLENO-HUMERAL JOINT:
*FLEXION/EXTENSION:
-Occurs around coronal axis passing through
axis of humeral head.
-Flexion:0-120 deg.
-Extension:0-50 deg.
*ABDUCTION/ADDUCTION:
-Occurs around an AP Axis passing through
humeral head.
-Abduction:0-120 deg.(with the movement
of scapula)
-Adduction:120-0 deg.
28. *MEDIAL/LATERAL ROTATION:
-Occurs around a long axis parallel to shaft
of humerus & passing through the centre of
humeral head.
-Normal value:0-90 deg.
*SCAPTION/SCAPULAR ABDUCTION:
-Abduction/elevation of humerus in the
plane of scapula.
32. *FLEXION:Clavicular fibres of Pectoralis major
:Anterior fibres of Deltoid
:Coracobrachialis
:Short head of Biceps
*EXTENSION:Posterior fibres of Deltoid
:Lattisimus Dorsi
:Teres Major
:Sternocostal head of Pectoral
major
*ADDUCTION:Pectoralis major
:Lattisimus dorsi
:Long head of Triceps
:Teres major
:Coracobrachialis
35. Kinetics include the forces which produces
the motions & stability of GH Joint during rest
and motions.
STATIC STABILIZATION OF GH JOINT
-Includes stabilization of humeral head when
the arm is at the side unloaded & loaded.
-Arm unloaded at the side:Resultant pull of
LOG and Rotator Interval capsule creates a
line of force which compresses humeral head
against lower portion of glenoid fossa.
36. -Airtight seal of capsule-creates –ve
intraarticular pressure which prevents inf.
translation of humerus by force of gravity.
-Degree of glenoid inclination-upward tilt of
scapula produces a partial bony block against
humeral translation.
-If the arm is heavily loaded-Supraspinatus
recruited which has attachments to rotator
interval capsule.
