The document provides information on the biomechanics of the wrist joint. It discusses the basic anatomy including the ligaments and muscles. It describes the two joints of the wrist complex - the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints. It details the range of motion of the wrist in flexion, extension, ulnar deviation, and radial deviation. It explains the osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of wrist movement including the convex-concave rule and how the bones roll and slide during flexion, extension, ulnar deviation, and radial deviation.

1. Presentation on
Biomechanics
of Wrist Joint
MADE BY -
ADARSH PATHAK
BPT 3rd year

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BASIC ANATOMY
LIGAMENTS
MUSCLES
KINESIOLOGY

3. INTRODUCTION
 The wrist (carpus) consists of two compound joints : the
radiocarpal and the midcarpal joints , referred to collectively as
the wrist complex.
 The major contribution of the wrist complex seems to be to
control length-tension relationships in multiarticular hand
muscles and to allow fine adjustment of grip.
 The wrist muscles appears to be designed for balance and
control rather than for maximising torque production.

4. BASIC ANATOMY OF
WRIST JOINT
 Wrist joint is a synovial joint of ellipsoid
variety between lower end of radius and
three lateral bones of proximal row of
carpus.
 Articular Surface:
Upper - inferior surface of the lower
end of the radius .
- articular disc of the inferior
radioulnar joint.
Lower – scaphoid ; lunate ; triquetral
bones.

5. LIGAMENTS
 The ligaments of the wrist complex are designated either –
extrinsic or intrinsic.
 Extrinsic ligaments are those that connect the carpals to the radius
or ulna proximally or to the metacarpals distally .
 Intrinsic ligaments are those that interconnect the carpals
themselves & also known as intercarpal / interosseous ligaments.
 VOLVAR CARPAL LIGAMENTS – it has three distinct bands
 Radiocapitate ; short & long radioulnate ; & radioscapholunate.
 RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT to maintain the stability
 ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT at radioulnar deviation

6.  On the palmar aspect there are two carpal ligaments :
 PALMAR RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT
 PALMAR ULNOCARPAL LIGAMENT
 On the dorsal aspect of the joint there is one ligament :
 DORSAL RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT

7. MUSCLES OF THE WRIST COMPLEX
 Six muscles have tendons crossing
the volar aspect of the wrist &
therefore are capable of creating
a wrist flexion movement.
 Flexor Compartment
 Palmaris longus
 Flexor carpi radialis
 Flexor digitorum profundus
 Flexor digitorum superficialis
 Flexor policis longus
 Flexor carpi ulnaris

8.  EXTENSOR COMPARTMENT
 The dorsum of the wrist complex is
crossed by tendons of nine muscles.
 Extensor carpi radialis longus.
 Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
 Extensor carpi ulnaris.
 Extensor digitorum communis.
 Extensor indicis proprius.
 Extensor digiti minimi.
 Extensor pollicis longus.
 Extensor pollicis brevis.
 Abductor pollicis longus.

9. KINESIOLOGY
 OSTEOKINEMATICS
 Flexion / Extension
 Axis - Coronal axis
 Plane - Sagittal plane
 ROM – (0 - 65 - 85 ) degree of flexion
 (0 -55 - 80 ) degree of extension
 Flexion is not pure , it is with ulnar deviation due to oblique
axis.
 Ulnar / Radial Deviation
 Axis - anteroposterior
 Plane - coronal plane

10.  ROM - (0 - 30 ) degree of ulnar deviation
( 0 - 15 - 20 ) degree of radial deviation

11.  ARTHROKINEMATICS
 Wrist Flexion / Extension :
 It follows CONVEX - CONCAVE rule.
 Roll & Slide will be in opposite direction.
 Dorsal Roll - during extension
 Ventral Slide - lunate moves on styloid process of radius.
 Extension at RadioCarpal joint:
 The convex surface of lunate rolls dorsally on radius & slides
ventrally.
 Flexion at RadioCarpal joint :
 The convex surface of lunate rolls ventrally & slides dorsally.

12.  Extension at MidCarpal joint :
 The convex capitate moves on concave lunate.
 Dorsal roll & Ventral slide.
 Flexion at MidCarpal joint :
 Ventral roll & Dorsal slide .
 Ulnar Deviation :
 Convex - concave rule.
 Scaphoid , lunate , triquetrum rolls on ulnar side while slightly
slide away radially in radial carpal joint.

13.  Radial Deviation :
 The amount of radial deviation is limited into impingment
against styloid process .
 Therefore , most of the radial deviation occurs at midcarpal
joint & hamate , triquetrum separate at the end of radial
deviation.

14. THANK
YOU !