The document discusses the five processes of listening: hearing, attention, understanding, remembering, and evaluating. It defines each process and provides examples. Hearing is the physiological process of receiving sound waves, while attention requires focusing on specific elements. Understanding involves analyzing meanings of symbols and context. Remembering adds information to memory, though what is remembered may differ from what was heard. Evaluating is when listeners actively weigh evidence and determine bias. The document also discusses kinds of listening like listening to understand versus listening for enjoyment. It provides tips for self-analysis and analyzing speakers and messages to improve listening skills.

1. THE PROCESS OF
LISTENING
JESSICA VELASCO DELA PENA
Lecturer
Master of Arts in English Language Teaching
Institute of Graduate Studies
Panpacific University North Philippines
Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
jessicavelascodelapena@gmail.com

3. The Five Process of Listening

4. HEARING
 The physiological process of receiving sound waves.
 it refers to the response caused by sound waves stimulating the
sensory receptors of the ear; it is physical response; hearing is
perception of sound waves; you must hear to listen, but you
need not listen to hear (perception necessary for listening
depends on attention. (http://www.articlesfactory.com/articles/communication/stages-of-the-
listening-process-explained.html)
 Not everyone hears the same way. Men actually prefer certain
frequencies.
 Listeners can process more than 400 spoken words per minute,
yet the average speaker only produces between 125 and 175
words per minute.

5. ATTENTION
 This is the ability to focus on one element in a given perceptual field.
 There are nine factors of attention that teachers must use in their classes
everyday.
1. ACTIVITY
2. REALITY
3. PROXIMITY
4. FAMILIARITY
5. NOVELTY
6. SUSPENSE
7. CONFLICT
8. HUMOR
9. VITAL

6. UNDERSTANDING
 to understand symbols we have seen and heard, we must
analyze the meaning of the stimuli we have perceived;
symbolic stimuli are not only words but also sounds like
applause… and sights like blue uniform…that have symbolic
meanings as well;
 the meanings attached to these symbols are a function of
our past associations and of the context in which the
symbols occur; for successful interpersonal communication,
the listener must understand the intended meaning and the
context assumed by the sender.

7. REMEMBERING
it is important listening process because it
means that an individual has not only received
and interpreted a message but has also added it
to the mind’s storage bank; but just as our
attention is selective, so too is our memory-
what is remembered may be quite different from
what was originally seen or heard.

8. EVALUATING
 it is a stage in which active listeners participate; it is
at these point that the active listener weighs evidence,
sorts fact from opinion, and determines the presence
or absence of bias or prejudice in a message;
 the effective listener makes sure that he or she
doesn’t begin this activity too soon; beginning this
stage of the process before a message is completed
requires that we no longer hear and attend to the
incoming message-as a result, the listening process
ceases

9. RESPONDING
This stage requires that the receiver complete
the process through verbal and/or nonverbal
feedback; because the speaker has no other way
to determine if a message has been received.

10. Did you know?
The average person speaks at a rate of about 150
words per minute.
Listeners, however, can understand messages
presented at a rate of 380 words per minute.
Often that “lag” time causes listeners to let their
minds wander.
You have to learn to focus your attention on the
message.

11. Kinds of Listening
Listening to understand, participate
and enhance a relationship.
Usually used in interactions
between two people or a small
group.Goal is to develop understanding and
appreciation of the meanings & feelings of
sender.
You try to put yourself in another
person’s place, but not necessarily
agree with them.
Listening to understand, analyze,
and evaluate messages.
Used when receiving and evaluating
persuasive messages.
It should make you think.
Listening to comprehend ideas and information in
order to achieve a specific purpose or goal.
Use when you must make
decisions.
Used when listening to
lectures in class.
Used when listening to
announcements or getting
directions.
Used when you need to remember
something important.
Listening to enjoy or appreciate a
speaker’s message or performance.
Goal is enjoyment and helps a
person to relax.
Used in social situations like
concerts, plays or sporting events.
Listening for fun.

12. What kind of listener are you?
Active listener – The listener participates fully in the
communication process. You listen attentively, provide
feedback, and strive to understand and remember messages.
Passive listener – The listener does not actively participate in
interactions. They think they can absorb information even when
they do not contribute to the interaction. They place the
responsibility for successful communication on the speaker.
Impatient listener – Short bursts of active listening are
interrupted by noise and other distractions. They intend to pay
attention, but allow their minds to wander.

13. Listener Self-Analysis
 What is my purpose in listening?
 What can I expect from the listening environment?
 What do I know about the speaking situation?
 What do I expect from this speech?
 How much do I know about the topic?
 Am I impartial about the topic being presented?
 What trigger words or ideas cause me to stray from the
listening situation?

14. Listener Analysis of the Speaker
What do I know about this speaker?
How believable is the speaker?
Has the speaker adequately prepared for
the occasion?
What is the speaker’s attitude toward this
presentation?

15. Listener Analysis of the Message
What are the main ideas of the
speech/message?
How are the main ideas arranged?
What kinds of materials support
the main ideas?

16. THANK YOU!