1. The document discusses different types of listening including appreciative, empathic, comprehensive, and critical listening. It emphasizes the importance of comprehensive and critical listening as students and in the workplace.
2. It outlines the traits of a good listener including being tolerant, patient, and understanding of the speaker. Good listeners play close attention to both the words and body language of the speaker.
3. The document provides tips for developing active listening skills over passive listening. It advises concentrating fully on the message and avoiding distractions. Effective listening leads to better decision making, policies, and workplace relationships.
to understand receptive skills like listening and reading , listening is not the same as hearing and hearing is not the same as listening. attentive listener stimulates the speaking by the speakers.
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to understand receptive skills like listening and reading , listening is not the same as hearing and hearing is not the same as listening. attentive listener stimulates the speaking by the speakers.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
5. TYPES OF LISTENING
1. Appreciative listening:
This is listening for deriving aesthetic pleasure, as we
do when we listen to a comedian, musician, or
entertainer.
2. Empathic listening :
When we listen to a distressed friend who wants to
vent his feeling, we provide emotional and moral support
in the form of empathetic listening.
6. 3. Comprehensive listening
This type of listening is needed in the class room when student
have to listen to the lecturer to understand and comprehend the
message. Similarly, when someone is giving you direction to find the
location of a place, comprehensive listening is required to receive
and interpret the message.
7. 4. Critical listening
When the purpose is to accept or reject the message or to
evaluate it critically, one requires this type of listening For example
listening to a sales person before making a purchase or listening to
politicians making their election campaign speech involves critical
listening Similarly, when you read a book with the objective of
writing a book review, you use your critical abilities.
Although all these types of listening are important, we
mainly involve ourselves in comprehensive and critical listening.
Ever as student, you are primarily involved in these two these of
listening during classroom lectures or communicating at work.
8. TRAITS OF A GOOD LISTENER
You must understand that while acquiring the skill of active listening needs
much effort, it is not impossible.
A few guideline are given in the following paragraphs.
Some behavior might seem unnatural and forced but can be inculcated with
practice.
After some time it will appear natural.
For instance, it is very difficult to be patient with a speaker when you find
him irrational and illogical.
However, you must be tolerant under certain circumstances.
The guidelines suggested will definitely enable you to develop an attitude of
tolerance and understanding.
9. ACTIVE VERSUS PASSIVE LISTENING
Playing attention :-
We often listen to various forms of communication in an unconscious manner.
While at the dining table, we glance at the television busy eating or talking to
someone else and some sound enter our ears.
But this is not active listening.
We have to be alert to fully follow the dialogue on the television.
How can we develop the ability to listen to others patiently and carefully?
Improper listening is very harmful as communication is prone to distortion.
10.
11. It is also a waste of time.
The responsibility of the listener is to show keenness in the speaker and speech by his
expressions, alertness, and by asking questions about the speech if required.
BY doing this, the listener will encourage the speaker to express his ideas clearly and
enthusiastically.
IF the listener has an expression of boredom on his face, it will discourage the speaker.
You can improve your skills in this area by listening to commentaries on Television or
radio.
Concentrate on the theme, supporting ideas, and also the digressions, if any, in the
speech.
Further, you can write down the gist of what you heard.
This exercise can certainly help you to improve your listening skills.
So far, we have emphasized on the importance of playing attention to a person’s
speech.
12. IT is equally important not to neglect the physical aspects of the person.
His appearance, expressions, bodily movements, and posture are as
significant in conveying meaning as are his words.
14. In the process of developing your active listening skills,
you should train yourself to avoid physical distraction and
concentrate on the message fully.
An attractive face in the room, sometimes even the
fragrance of perfume, can be the reason for distraction.
However, a careful listener has to exercise great deal of
mental discipline to remain focused on the message sent
by the speaker.
Often, after a period of continuous listening, people get
tired and start losing interest in the message.
They have to force themselves hard to stay with the
speech and contents.
Many a time, such a problem arises because of ‘brain
time’.
15. On an average, a person speak around 130-150 words per minute but has the
capacity to listen to 600-700 words per minute.
Therefore the person’s mind tends to wander.
To overcome this difficulty, the listener should be alert in anticipating what
the speaker will say next.
16. IMPLICATION OF EFFECTIVE LISTENING
While working in an organization, you will use your listening skill in a variety
of situations: listening to distressed and dissatisfied workers, listening during
telephonic conversations, listening while taking instructions, conducting a
meeting, and many other instances.
If you are effective in listening you will be able to take right decisions and,
make better policies in your organization.
Listening patiently to employees enables the managers to feel the pulse of
the organization.
The pay off; they can anticipate the employees’ moods and reactions to the
policies of the management.
17. They will also be able to track rumours on the grapevine that are liable to
cause damage to the reputation of the organization.
Effective listening and follow-up can quell these rumours and can control
them from spreading further.
Harmonious relationships can be created amongst employees leading to a
congenial working ambience.
18. TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE LISTNING
Do’s Don’ts
Be mentally prepaid to listen
Evaluate the speech, not the speaker
Be unbiased to the speaker by
depersonalizing your feelings
Fight distractions by closing off sound
sources
Be open mined
Ask questions to clarify and
corroborate thought
Paraphrase from time to time
Send appropriate non-verbal signals
from time to time
Pay under emphasis to the vocabulary
as you can use the context to
understand the meaning
Pay too much attention to the
accessories and clothing of the
speaker
Prepare your responses while the
speaker is speaking
Avoid preconceptions and prejudices .
Get distracted by outside influences
Concentrate too hard
Interrupt too often
Show boredom even to an
uninteresting speaker
