This document discusses verb conjugation in Spanish, specifically for verbs of the first conjugation (-ar verbs). It explains that all Spanish verbs have an infinitive, ending, and stem. For -ar verbs, the ending is always "-ar" and conjugation involves changing the vowel of the stem. Several common -ar verbs like hablar, estudiar, and trabajar are provided along with their full conjugations in the present tense. The document notes that in Spanish, the present tense can express present, ongoing, or future actions. It provides an example conversation to demonstrate how verb forms flip to the "opposite" when referring to someone in the conversation versus outside it.

1. Verbs in the Present Tense
(Los verbos en el tiempo presente)
First conjugation: -ar

2. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated
form, the one that corresponds to the English
“to do” (something). For example, to speak,
to work, to sing, etc.
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r

3. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r
hablar
salir
comer
conocer
escribir
costar
cantar
correr
aprender
finalizar
leer
freír

4. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The ending: The last two letters of
the infinitive.
The ending always
consists of two letters.

5. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The ending always consists of two letters
hablar
comer
escribir
cantar
aprender
leer
salir
conocer
costar
correr
finalizar
freír
There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish:
those that end in ar, those that end in er, and those that end in ir

6. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The stem or root: Whatever is left after
removing the ending from the infinitive.
The stem can consist of a variable
number of letters, depending on
the length of the verb in question.

7. The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The infinitive – the ending = the stem
hablar
comer
escribir
cantar
aprender
leer
salir
conocer
costar
correr
finalizar
freír

8. The fundamental parts
of the verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated
form of the verb.
estudiar
The ending: The last two letters of the
infinitive.
ar
The stem: What is left after taking the ending
from the infinitive.
estudi

9. Verb Conjugation
To conjugate: To put a verb in its
correct person and number so that
we know who is doing the action.
When we conjugate any
verb we always begin
with its stem.

10. Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
The following verbs are regular -ar verbs and are conjugated
according to the pattern in the following slides.
hablar
ayudar
bailar
buscar
caminar
comprar
conversar
enseñar
escuchar
estudiar
to speak
to help
to dance
to look for
to walk
to buy
to converse
to teach
to listen
to study
llegar
mirar
nadar
necesitar
preparar
regresar
tomar
trabajar
viajar
to arrive
to look at
to swim
to need
to prepare
to return
to take or
to drink
to work
to travel

11. Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
hablar
All persons and numbers are based on the stem.
yo hablo nosotros/as hablamos
tú hablas vosotros/as habláis
Uds. hablan
Ud. habla
ellos
él
ellas
ella
Notice which vowel
gets the emphasis!

12. Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
trabajar
Its stem?
trab ajo
traba jas
trabaja
trabaja mos
trabajáis
trab ajan
The emphasis?

13. Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
buscar
Its stem?
busco
buscas
bu sca
buscamos
buscáis
bu scan
The emphasis?

14. Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar)
estudiar
Its stem?
estudio
estudias
estudia
estudiamos
estudiáis
estudian
The emphasis?

15. Verb usage
The Spanish present indicative tense has several
equivalents in English.
As in English, it can express present habitual actions:
Estudiamos español en la universidad.
We study Spanish at the university.
But, unlike English, it can also express ongoing actions:
En este momento estudiamos en la biblioteca.
Right now we’re studying in the library.
It can even express future actions:
Esta noche estudiamos para el examen.
Tonight we will study for the exam.

16. La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
¿Qué
estudias?
Estudio
matemáticas
.
Verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation
flip to their “opposite” form.
estudio estudiamos
estudias estudiáis
estudia estudian
¿Qué estudias tú?

17. La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
¿Qué
estudia
Juan?
Estudia
filosofía.
Verb forms that refer to people that are outside the conversation
do not change.
estudio estudiamos
estudias estudiáis
estudia estudian

18. FIN