The document summarizes key aspects of connected speech in English, including rhythm, assimilation, elision, and linking. It defines each concept and provides examples. Rhythm refers to the regular stress pattern in speech. Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of sounds due to surrounding sounds, such as in "newspaper." Elision is the omission of sounds, like the 't' in "night." Linking describes how words and sounds are connected together in fluent speech according to five basic rules.

1. CHAPTER 8: ASPECTS OF CONNECTED SPEECH Compiled by vanyendao .k7.Eng.hvu

2. ASPECT S OF CONNECTED SPEECH: RHYTHM 1 ASSIMILATION 2 ELISION 3 LINKING 4

3. 1. RHYTHM

4. 1. RHYTHM

5. Rhythm of heart-beat

6. THE RHYTHM 1.1 Definition: Rhythm is an event happening at regular internals of time 1.2 The rhythm: The rhythm of speech is the regular occurrence of stressed syllable at regular internals of time Example: 1. He ar’rived ‘six o’clock 2. ‘Walk ‘down to the ‘path to the 'end of the ca’nal.

7. Unit of rhythm (Foot) Stressed syllable + unstressed syllable English Rhythm Stress-time rhythm

8. 2. ASSIMILATION 2.1 Definition: Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of a phoneme under the influence of its surrounding sounds. Ex: 1. news /nju z / but newspaper /nju s peipə/ 2. This year / ði j j i ə/ 3. Want to / wɔnə/

9. 2.2 Types of assimilation Assimilation Direction of change Consonant can change

10. In term of direction of change Regressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first is affected by the one that comes after it. Example: This year / ði j j i ə /, bright color /brai k k alə/ light blue /lai p b lu/. Progressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first affects the one that comes after it. Example: those year / ð əʊ ʒ j i ə

11. In the terms of consonant change CONSONANT CHANGE ASSIMILATION PLACE OF ARTICULATION ASSIMILATION MANNER ASSIMILATION OF VOICE

12. Assimilation of place of articulation

13. Assimilation of place of articulation

14. Assimilation of place of articulation

15. Assimilation of place of articulation

16. Assimilation of manner Only regressive assimilation of alveolar consonant Note : /ð/ follow a plosive or nasal at the end of a preceding word Eg: get them /get ðəm/ -> /gettəm/ in the /in ðə/ -> /inn ə/

17. Assimilation of voice eg: I like that black dog / ai laik ðæt blæk d ɔg/ -> / ai laig ðæd blæg d ɔg/ Only regressive assimilation of voice

18. 3. Elision Definition Elision is the case of a sound realized as zero in casual, rapid speech. There can be vowel elision and consonant elision. Example: vowel: tonight /tnait/ consonant: eight tins /eitins/

19. Rules of elision

20. Rules of elision c. Avoidance of complex consonant cluster : d. Loss of / v / in “ of ” before consonant Example :

21. Weak form Auxiliary verbs Strong Weak do du: d ə are ɑ: ə (r)* was w ɔ z w ə z were w3:r w ə would Wud w ə d could K u d k ə d should ∫ ud kæn ∫ ə d can k ə n must mʌst m ə s(t) Strong Weak Prepositions to tu: t ə for fɔ: (r) f ə (r) from fr ɔ m fr ə m into Intu: Int ə of ov ə (v) as æz əz at æ t ə t

22. 4. Linking Linking is the phenomenon where words or sounds are linked together. There are 5 basic rules of linking. Rules of linking:

23. Rules of linking

24. 4. Linking * Note : Sometimes listeners have ambiguity in meaning with other words. Example: /maitrein/: my train or might rain /aiskri:m/: Ice –cream or I scream

25. The End...!!!

26. Thank you…!!! Group 7

27. Created by: Vanyendao K7 – English. Hungvuong university