The Development of a Multisectoral National Strategy for the Control of Lepto...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document outlines Fiji's national strategy for controlling leptospirosis. It describes the multi-sectoral planning process that included workshops with 46 participants from 6 ministries and NGOs. The strategy's purpose is to reduce leptospirosis incidence and mortality in Fijian communities. Key objectives include strengthening clinical management, laboratories, livestock programs, and community education. Implementation will require cross-sectoral collaboration between health, agriculture, and environmental groups. The strategy identifies both short-term actions like data analysis and surveys as well as long-term research and health promotion activities to characterize risks and reduce transmission of the disease.
The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network: Strengthening the publ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses leptospirosis, a bacterial disease impacting public health. It provides statistics on estimated global cases and deaths per year. It describes leptospirosis as having a complex natural history and clinical presentation. Climate change may increase its impact. Two typhoons in the Philippines in 2009 resulted in hundreds of leptospirosis cases. It introduces the Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network (GLEAN), a multi-disciplinary international group taking a One Health approach to strengthen leptospirosis prevention and control strategies through increased knowledge sharing and improved early warning systems. GLEAN's goals are reducing disease incidence, determining main drivers, developing predictive tools, and improving confirmation testing, outbreak detection, prepared
Institut Pasteur: An International Partner To Implement One Health Maria VA...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The Institut Pasteur has a long history of implementing a One Health approach to address emerging infectious diseases. It has worked jointly with animal and human health sectors on diseases such as rabies, H5N1, and MERS-CoV through activities like field investigations, laboratory training, and vaccine development. While One Health approaches have been adopted in policies, local implementation remains a challenge due to issues like limited resources, sectoral barriers, and communication difficulties. The Institut Pasteur aims to strengthen One Health by expanding multisectoral collaborations during outbreak responses and translating findings into improved public health protocols.
This document provides an overview of the One Health Asia Programme (OHAP) implemented by Relief International from 2014-2016 in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The objectives were to reduce zoonotic diseases and their impact through awareness, prevention, and integrated surveillance. Key activities included forming committees, training community health workers and teachers, developing educational materials, and establishing collaborations between communities, universities and government agencies. Challenges included conflict, poverty, population growth, and fully engaging government ownership; however, the community engagement and institutional structures aimed to strengthen the long-term One Health approach.
Implementing A Network Of Virology And Entomology Laboratories For A OH Appro...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes the MediLabSecure project, which aims to create a network of virology and entomology laboratories in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions to improve surveillance of vector-borne and respiratory viruses using a One Health approach. The project will enhance preparedness for health emergencies by strengthening laboratory capacity for diseases like West Nile virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, coronaviruses, and their vectors. It will provide training, promote best practices, and facilitate collaboration between 55 laboratories across 19 countries from 2014-2017 with funding from the European Union.
This document discusses using an electronic integrated disease surveillance system (EIDSS) to forecast Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreak risks in Kazakhstan. EIDSS strengthened disease monitoring within a One Health approach. Analysis of human, vector, and laboratory data from 2007-2011 predicted CCHF risk maps for 2013, which accurately forecasted outbreak risks for 88.9% of historically affected districts. The results demonstrate EIDSS is a reliable tool for CCHF prognosis and risk management that can help decision-making and expand statistical surveillance within a systematic One Health framework.
This document discusses using a One Health approach and consensus PCR to develop a new diagnostic paradigm for detecting unknown illnesses. It summarizes work done through the PREDICT project, which used low-tech surveillance methods to safely sample over 56,000 animals across Asia and Africa. This led to the detection of 812 novel and 147 known viruses in animals, and 3 novel and 31 known viruses in humans. The approach aims to preempt disease emergence at its source in a cost-effective manner. It has enhanced field and lab capacities globally and built intersectoral cooperation between governments.
The document discusses the management of epidemics through various steps including forecasting, investigation, and control. It describes how forecasting involves studying past disease trends to predict future outbreaks. Investigation aims to define the scope of an epidemic by confirming diagnoses, identifying the at-risk population, and screening affected areas. Control methods center around removing infection sources, preventing transmission, and vector control such as mosquito elimination. The overall management of epidemics requires coordinated preparedness, surveillance, health education, and preventive measures to contain disease spread and severity.
The Development of a Multisectoral National Strategy for the Control of Lepto...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document outlines Fiji's national strategy for controlling leptospirosis. It describes the multi-sectoral planning process that included workshops with 46 participants from 6 ministries and NGOs. The strategy's purpose is to reduce leptospirosis incidence and mortality in Fijian communities. Key objectives include strengthening clinical management, laboratories, livestock programs, and community education. Implementation will require cross-sectoral collaboration between health, agriculture, and environmental groups. The strategy identifies both short-term actions like data analysis and surveys as well as long-term research and health promotion activities to characterize risks and reduce transmission of the disease.
The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network: Strengthening the publ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses leptospirosis, a bacterial disease impacting public health. It provides statistics on estimated global cases and deaths per year. It describes leptospirosis as having a complex natural history and clinical presentation. Climate change may increase its impact. Two typhoons in the Philippines in 2009 resulted in hundreds of leptospirosis cases. It introduces the Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network (GLEAN), a multi-disciplinary international group taking a One Health approach to strengthen leptospirosis prevention and control strategies through increased knowledge sharing and improved early warning systems. GLEAN's goals are reducing disease incidence, determining main drivers, developing predictive tools, and improving confirmation testing, outbreak detection, prepared
Institut Pasteur: An International Partner To Implement One Health Maria VA...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The Institut Pasteur has a long history of implementing a One Health approach to address emerging infectious diseases. It has worked jointly with animal and human health sectors on diseases such as rabies, H5N1, and MERS-CoV through activities like field investigations, laboratory training, and vaccine development. While One Health approaches have been adopted in policies, local implementation remains a challenge due to issues like limited resources, sectoral barriers, and communication difficulties. The Institut Pasteur aims to strengthen One Health by expanding multisectoral collaborations during outbreak responses and translating findings into improved public health protocols.
This document provides an overview of the One Health Asia Programme (OHAP) implemented by Relief International from 2014-2016 in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The objectives were to reduce zoonotic diseases and their impact through awareness, prevention, and integrated surveillance. Key activities included forming committees, training community health workers and teachers, developing educational materials, and establishing collaborations between communities, universities and government agencies. Challenges included conflict, poverty, population growth, and fully engaging government ownership; however, the community engagement and institutional structures aimed to strengthen the long-term One Health approach.
Implementing A Network Of Virology And Entomology Laboratories For A OH Appro...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes the MediLabSecure project, which aims to create a network of virology and entomology laboratories in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions to improve surveillance of vector-borne and respiratory viruses using a One Health approach. The project will enhance preparedness for health emergencies by strengthening laboratory capacity for diseases like West Nile virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, coronaviruses, and their vectors. It will provide training, promote best practices, and facilitate collaboration between 55 laboratories across 19 countries from 2014-2017 with funding from the European Union.
This document discusses using an electronic integrated disease surveillance system (EIDSS) to forecast Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreak risks in Kazakhstan. EIDSS strengthened disease monitoring within a One Health approach. Analysis of human, vector, and laboratory data from 2007-2011 predicted CCHF risk maps for 2013, which accurately forecasted outbreak risks for 88.9% of historically affected districts. The results demonstrate EIDSS is a reliable tool for CCHF prognosis and risk management that can help decision-making and expand statistical surveillance within a systematic One Health framework.
This document discusses using a One Health approach and consensus PCR to develop a new diagnostic paradigm for detecting unknown illnesses. It summarizes work done through the PREDICT project, which used low-tech surveillance methods to safely sample over 56,000 animals across Asia and Africa. This led to the detection of 812 novel and 147 known viruses in animals, and 3 novel and 31 known viruses in humans. The approach aims to preempt disease emergence at its source in a cost-effective manner. It has enhanced field and lab capacities globally and built intersectoral cooperation between governments.
The document discusses the management of epidemics through various steps including forecasting, investigation, and control. It describes how forecasting involves studying past disease trends to predict future outbreaks. Investigation aims to define the scope of an epidemic by confirming diagnoses, identifying the at-risk population, and screening affected areas. Control methods center around removing infection sources, preventing transmission, and vector control such as mosquito elimination. The overall management of epidemics requires coordinated preparedness, surveillance, health education, and preventive measures to contain disease spread and severity.
The document discusses the malaria control program in the Philippines. It provides background on malaria, including how it is transmitted and prevalence in the country. The vision, mission, goals, and beneficiaries of the malaria control program are outlined. Key strategies of the program include early diagnosis and treatment, controlling mosquito spread through insecticide-treated nets and indoor spraying, and community-based education. The program is implemented through partnerships between the Department of Health, World Health Organization, and other organizations. Accomplishments and proposed activities are also summarized.
The document discusses how to prevent future pandemics. It defines a pandemic as an epidemic that spreads across large regions or worldwide. Major past pandemics are identified such as the 1918 Spanish Flu. The causes of pandemics include deforestation, wildlife trade, farmed animal spillover, and climate change. Methods for prevention include reducing deforestation, controlling wildlife trade and farmed animal spillover, and early detection and control. The conclusion states that addressing drivers like deforestation, land conversion, and wildlife trade can help reduce future pandemic risks.
Dengue control programme kma 7 oct. copydrjagannath
This document discusses Dengue control programmes in India. It begins with an overview of Dengue as the most common arthropod-borne viral disease affecting urban and peri-urban areas. It then provides details on Dengue virus and clinical syndromes. The majority of the document outlines India's National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme strategies, which include early case detection and treatment, integrated vector management through environmental modification and chemical/biological control, and behavior change communication. Statistics on reported Dengue cases in Maharashtra from 2018 are also presented.
The document discusses guidelines for bio safety and infection control to prevent the spread of epidemic and pandemic prone infections. It emphasizes the importance of standard precautions like hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, adequate ventilation, disinfection, and isolation facilities. High-risk procedures and the special precautions needed for airborne infections are covered. The roles of administrative controls, environmental ventilation, and respiratory hygiene in limiting transmission are also addressed. The document aims to educate healthcare workers on infection prevention and control during outbreaks of diseases like SARS, MERS, influenza, and Ebola.
Pharmacies play an important role in infection control and the rational use of antibiotics through various measures. They must maintain refrigerators between 1.3-10 degrees Celsius and keep areas clean to reduce infection transmission. Pharmacies also work with committees to ensure the appropriate availability of antibiotics and establish monitoring programs. Additionally, pharmacies provide education to clinicians, patients, and the public on topics like antibiotic use and resistance, aseptic technique, and infection control procedures to further promote rational antibiotic use and control of infectious diseases.
This document outlines the key activities and strategies for combating dengue during the transmission season and Anti-Dengue Month in July. It discusses improving surveillance of dengue cases and vector mosquitoes, sensitizing communities and stakeholders to prevent vector breeding, and ensuring all response activities are geared up. This includes case detection and management, entomological monitoring, social mobilization, and coordination between public and private sectors. It also provides guidance on developing action plans at the national, state and district levels to conduct activities like training, awareness campaigns, and vector control measures.
Keynote presentation by Dr Delia Grace of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
This document discusses community health nursing, epidemiology, communicable disease control, and environmental health. It defines key concepts in epidemiology like causality, risk, and rate of occurrence. It compares the community health nursing and epidemiological processes. It describes modes of transmission for communicable diseases and strategies for prevention. It also outlines major areas related to environmental health like living patterns, work risks, atmospheric quality, water quality, housing, food quality, waste control, and radiation risks.
The document defines key terms related to epidemics such as epidemic, endemic, outbreak, sporadic, and pandemic. It discusses the iceberg concept of infectious disease and explains that only a small portion of cases are clinically apparent. The levels of response to different disease triggers are outlined. The document also covers the objectives and steps of an epidemic investigation including developing a case definition, confirming the existence of an epidemic, defining the population at risk, rapidly searching for cases, analyzing data through epidemiological curves, and formulating and testing hypotheses. Control measures and the importance of forecasting and preventing future epidemics are also summarized.
An outbreak investigation was conducted after 48 people attended a village feast on September 29th, where 24 people subsequently developed gastrointestinal symptoms requiring treatment. The illnesses were reported on September 29th (7 cases), September 30th (13 cases), and October 1st (4 cases). An investigation team traced 47 of the 48 exposed villagers. The team would first design an investigation plan and conduct the investigation according to steps like establishing the presence of an epidemic, conducting case finding and contact tracing, compiling information, and communicating findings.
This document discusses infection prevention and control strategies for emerging infectious diseases. It provides an overview of emerging infections that have occurred in the Philippines from 1989 to 2015, including Ebola, SARS, influenza, and others. The core components of infection prevention programs are described, including administrative, environmental, and engineering controls as well as personal protective equipment. The importance of basic infection control practices, such as hand hygiene, are emphasized. Modes of transmission for MERS-CoV and Ebola are discussed. Ongoing emerging threats are noted to highlight the need for strengthened infection prevention and control protocols.
*World Health Day 2014 Vector Borne Ds - Dr Priya*priya bansal
This presentation deals with occasion of World Health Day "2014 Theme - Vector Borne Diseases::Small Bite Big Threat"
Topics e.g.,
Need to celebrate World Health Day, Important Vector Borne Diseases Situation in Punjab India, Dengue, Malaria & JE situation, Prevention & Control of Arthropods, Challanges in public Health are discussed
Malaria Epidemics : Prevention and Control - Conférence du 3e édition du Cours international « Atelier Paludisme » - FALL Socé - Regional Office for Africa Malaria Unit, Zimbabwe - SoceF@afro.who.int
The document discusses various strategies for animal disease control including prevention, vaccination, biosecurity measures, surveillance, zoning/compartmentalization, and stamping out. It emphasizes applying the appropriate strategy based on factors like the disease, its impacts, stakeholders involved, and available resources. The overall goal is to reduce disease prevalence and impacts in a cost-effective manner.
There are several key reasons why infectious disease outbreaks have been increasing globally in recent decades. Increased travel, trade, and urbanization have made it easier for pathogens to spread to new areas. Climate change is also enabling some disease-carrying mosquitoes and other animals to thrive in new environments. However, public health organizations have gotten better at detecting and responding to outbreaks early, meaning fewer cases per outbreak overall. Still, underfunding of disease surveillance programs in some areas has allowed certain illnesses to resurge. Continued challenges include poverty, conflict, and environmental degradation. Proper isolation of infectious patients also remains important for control.
Outbreak management ppt comprises the definition , history , investigations and the steps of management of outbreak. This was my seminar and UG class tpoic
This document summarizes a conference on One Health and emerging pandemic threats. It discusses how the USAID PREDICT program has found over 250 new viruses in wildlife and identified high-risk host species. It emphasizes taking a risk-based and long-term approach to surveillance, building capacity across human, animal, and environmental health sectors, and understanding what drives cross-sectoral collaboration to improve coordination. It also identifies best practices like creating multiagency committees and reporting agreements to strengthen One Health systems.
Considerations of the Ebola Outbreak, Haddon's Matrix and Reason's Swiss Chee...Wes Chapman
In 1970, Dr. William Haddon wrote a brilliant editorial that changed forever how we evaluate accidents and other failures in complex systems. The paper was titled, On the Escape of Tigers: An Ecological Note, and it looked at accidents through an etiological rather than descriptive approach. The work was immediately applied to automotive and aviation safety, beginning the enormous reduction in accidents in both fields that continues to this day. In 1990, Dr. James T. Reason published his first work on the role of barriers to sequential failure, and how they fail in truly catastrophic accidents. Together, their combined work forms the basis for much of the best practice for risk mitigation in the automotive, airline, oil & gas and healthcare industries. In this article, I take a look at the failed efforts to control the Ebola outbreak relative to the concepts of Drs. Haddon and Reason.
The document discusses the malaria control program in the Philippines. It provides background on malaria, including how it is transmitted and prevalence in the country. The vision, mission, goals, and beneficiaries of the malaria control program are outlined. Key strategies of the program include early diagnosis and treatment, controlling mosquito spread through insecticide-treated nets and indoor spraying, and community-based education. The program is implemented through partnerships between the Department of Health, World Health Organization, and other organizations. Accomplishments and proposed activities are also summarized.
The document discusses how to prevent future pandemics. It defines a pandemic as an epidemic that spreads across large regions or worldwide. Major past pandemics are identified such as the 1918 Spanish Flu. The causes of pandemics include deforestation, wildlife trade, farmed animal spillover, and climate change. Methods for prevention include reducing deforestation, controlling wildlife trade and farmed animal spillover, and early detection and control. The conclusion states that addressing drivers like deforestation, land conversion, and wildlife trade can help reduce future pandemic risks.
Dengue control programme kma 7 oct. copydrjagannath
This document discusses Dengue control programmes in India. It begins with an overview of Dengue as the most common arthropod-borne viral disease affecting urban and peri-urban areas. It then provides details on Dengue virus and clinical syndromes. The majority of the document outlines India's National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme strategies, which include early case detection and treatment, integrated vector management through environmental modification and chemical/biological control, and behavior change communication. Statistics on reported Dengue cases in Maharashtra from 2018 are also presented.
The document discusses guidelines for bio safety and infection control to prevent the spread of epidemic and pandemic prone infections. It emphasizes the importance of standard precautions like hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment, adequate ventilation, disinfection, and isolation facilities. High-risk procedures and the special precautions needed for airborne infections are covered. The roles of administrative controls, environmental ventilation, and respiratory hygiene in limiting transmission are also addressed. The document aims to educate healthcare workers on infection prevention and control during outbreaks of diseases like SARS, MERS, influenza, and Ebola.
Pharmacies play an important role in infection control and the rational use of antibiotics through various measures. They must maintain refrigerators between 1.3-10 degrees Celsius and keep areas clean to reduce infection transmission. Pharmacies also work with committees to ensure the appropriate availability of antibiotics and establish monitoring programs. Additionally, pharmacies provide education to clinicians, patients, and the public on topics like antibiotic use and resistance, aseptic technique, and infection control procedures to further promote rational antibiotic use and control of infectious diseases.
This document outlines the key activities and strategies for combating dengue during the transmission season and Anti-Dengue Month in July. It discusses improving surveillance of dengue cases and vector mosquitoes, sensitizing communities and stakeholders to prevent vector breeding, and ensuring all response activities are geared up. This includes case detection and management, entomological monitoring, social mobilization, and coordination between public and private sectors. It also provides guidance on developing action plans at the national, state and district levels to conduct activities like training, awareness campaigns, and vector control measures.
Keynote presentation by Dr Delia Grace of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
This document discusses community health nursing, epidemiology, communicable disease control, and environmental health. It defines key concepts in epidemiology like causality, risk, and rate of occurrence. It compares the community health nursing and epidemiological processes. It describes modes of transmission for communicable diseases and strategies for prevention. It also outlines major areas related to environmental health like living patterns, work risks, atmospheric quality, water quality, housing, food quality, waste control, and radiation risks.
The document defines key terms related to epidemics such as epidemic, endemic, outbreak, sporadic, and pandemic. It discusses the iceberg concept of infectious disease and explains that only a small portion of cases are clinically apparent. The levels of response to different disease triggers are outlined. The document also covers the objectives and steps of an epidemic investigation including developing a case definition, confirming the existence of an epidemic, defining the population at risk, rapidly searching for cases, analyzing data through epidemiological curves, and formulating and testing hypotheses. Control measures and the importance of forecasting and preventing future epidemics are also summarized.
An outbreak investigation was conducted after 48 people attended a village feast on September 29th, where 24 people subsequently developed gastrointestinal symptoms requiring treatment. The illnesses were reported on September 29th (7 cases), September 30th (13 cases), and October 1st (4 cases). An investigation team traced 47 of the 48 exposed villagers. The team would first design an investigation plan and conduct the investigation according to steps like establishing the presence of an epidemic, conducting case finding and contact tracing, compiling information, and communicating findings.
This document discusses infection prevention and control strategies for emerging infectious diseases. It provides an overview of emerging infections that have occurred in the Philippines from 1989 to 2015, including Ebola, SARS, influenza, and others. The core components of infection prevention programs are described, including administrative, environmental, and engineering controls as well as personal protective equipment. The importance of basic infection control practices, such as hand hygiene, are emphasized. Modes of transmission for MERS-CoV and Ebola are discussed. Ongoing emerging threats are noted to highlight the need for strengthened infection prevention and control protocols.
*World Health Day 2014 Vector Borne Ds - Dr Priya*priya bansal
This presentation deals with occasion of World Health Day "2014 Theme - Vector Borne Diseases::Small Bite Big Threat"
Topics e.g.,
Need to celebrate World Health Day, Important Vector Borne Diseases Situation in Punjab India, Dengue, Malaria & JE situation, Prevention & Control of Arthropods, Challanges in public Health are discussed
Malaria Epidemics : Prevention and Control - Conférence du 3e édition du Cours international « Atelier Paludisme » - FALL Socé - Regional Office for Africa Malaria Unit, Zimbabwe - SoceF@afro.who.int
The document discusses various strategies for animal disease control including prevention, vaccination, biosecurity measures, surveillance, zoning/compartmentalization, and stamping out. It emphasizes applying the appropriate strategy based on factors like the disease, its impacts, stakeholders involved, and available resources. The overall goal is to reduce disease prevalence and impacts in a cost-effective manner.
There are several key reasons why infectious disease outbreaks have been increasing globally in recent decades. Increased travel, trade, and urbanization have made it easier for pathogens to spread to new areas. Climate change is also enabling some disease-carrying mosquitoes and other animals to thrive in new environments. However, public health organizations have gotten better at detecting and responding to outbreaks early, meaning fewer cases per outbreak overall. Still, underfunding of disease surveillance programs in some areas has allowed certain illnesses to resurge. Continued challenges include poverty, conflict, and environmental degradation. Proper isolation of infectious patients also remains important for control.
Outbreak management ppt comprises the definition , history , investigations and the steps of management of outbreak. This was my seminar and UG class tpoic
This document summarizes a conference on One Health and emerging pandemic threats. It discusses how the USAID PREDICT program has found over 250 new viruses in wildlife and identified high-risk host species. It emphasizes taking a risk-based and long-term approach to surveillance, building capacity across human, animal, and environmental health sectors, and understanding what drives cross-sectoral collaboration to improve coordination. It also identifies best practices like creating multiagency committees and reporting agreements to strengthen One Health systems.
Considerations of the Ebola Outbreak, Haddon's Matrix and Reason's Swiss Chee...Wes Chapman
In 1970, Dr. William Haddon wrote a brilliant editorial that changed forever how we evaluate accidents and other failures in complex systems. The paper was titled, On the Escape of Tigers: An Ecological Note, and it looked at accidents through an etiological rather than descriptive approach. The work was immediately applied to automotive and aviation safety, beginning the enormous reduction in accidents in both fields that continues to this day. In 1990, Dr. James T. Reason published his first work on the role of barriers to sequential failure, and how they fail in truly catastrophic accidents. Together, their combined work forms the basis for much of the best practice for risk mitigation in the automotive, airline, oil & gas and healthcare industries. In this article, I take a look at the failed efforts to control the Ebola outbreak relative to the concepts of Drs. Haddon and Reason.
emerging and re-emerging vector borne diseasesAnil kumar
this presentation in about emerging and re-emerging vector borne diseases and their spatial spread with reference to time, surveillance, monitoring and management program and other difficulties and suggestions for program
1) Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Madeira, Portugal to study Aedes aegypti breeding sites and community perceptions of dengue prevention.
2) The entomological survey found that flower pot dishes were the most common breeding sites, unlike typical waste sites.
3) The epidemiological survey assessed knowledge of dengue prevention using a score, finding households with breeding sites had lower scores than those without.
Public health emergencies DR. MADHUR VERMA PGIMS ROHTAKMADHUR VERMA
This document discusses public health emergencies and preparedness. It defines a public health emergency and outlines the criteria used for determining if an event constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It also discusses notification procedures, verification of events, and the roles of various organizations like WHO in assessing and responding to potential public health emergencies. Key aspects of public health emergency preparedness are outlined, including health risk assessment, defining roles and responsibilities, and maintaining epidemiological and laboratory functions to monitor and detect public health threats.
Risk assessment of potential health threats – Enhancing disease surveillance ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
GRF One Health Summit 2012, Davos: Presentation by Nicole ROSENKÖTTER,
Maastricht University, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI School of Public Health, Netherlands, Kingdom of the
The document discusses disease elimination and eradication, and levels of prevention for infectious diseases. It defines eradication as permanently reducing the worldwide prevalence of a disease to zero, with smallpox being the only example. Elimination is reducing prevalence in an area or globally to zero or negligible levels, with polio and measles as examples of eliminated infections. The document also covers objectives to discuss these concepts, three levels of prevention and their application to infectious diseases, and national disease control programs.
Threat of dengue in Europe and strategic measures to control its spreadbonniefernley
This document discusses the threat of dengue in Europe and strategic measures to control its spread. It provides statistics on rising global dengue cases and deaths reported to WHO. Several recent outbreaks of dengue and other mosquito-borne diseases in Europe are mentioned, demonstrating the region's susceptibility. The WHO's global strategy for 2012-2020 aims to reduce dengue mortality and morbidity through integrated surveillance, vector control, vaccination and research. The WHO regional office is working with partners to assist countries through surveillance, prevention and control programs. A three-phased approach of controlling vectors, preventing disease, and limiting spread is recommended, involving coordination between public health authorities and community participation.
The document discusses biodiversity and health, providing background context and identifying key issues. It notes that while wildlife is often described as a major source of emerging diseases, the evidence does not strongly support this. Biodiversity suffers from various anthropogenic stressors that can impact health. Maintaining biodiversity through urban greening can reduce disease vector risks if done appropriately. Transdisciplinary approaches are needed to understand the links between biodiversity, health, and sustainable development. Recent reviews find broad agreement on issues but some contradictions regarding wildlife and disease emergence.
The context surrounding the emergence of infectious diseases and the need to ...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at a Preventing Zoonotic Disease Emergence (PREZODE) side event at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Forum on Science and Innovation, 13 October 2022.
This document provides an outline for a seminar on integrated vector management. It begins with defining key terms like vector, vector-borne diseases, and integrated vector management. It then discusses the principles of vector control and the integrated approach. The integrated approach involves situation analysis, selection of control methods, implementation, and monitoring/evaluation. Key elements for successful implementation include advocacy, collaboration, integration of control methods, evidence-based decision making, and capacity building. The document outlines vector control approaches like environmental control, reducing contact, chemical control, and biological control. It concludes that an integrated approach based on evidence and empowerment is needed to achieve targets for vector-borne disease control.
Introduction:
In recent years, the healthcare landscape in India has undergone a significant transformation, and at the forefront of this revolution is the rapidly growing telemedicine market. Telemedicine, the use of technology to provide healthcare remotely, has gained immense popularity, especially in a country as vast and diverse as India. This blog explores the dynamics, drivers, challenges, and future prospects of the India telemedicine market.
Market Overview:
The telemedicine market in India has witnessed unprecedented growth, fueled by advancements in technology, increasing internet penetration, and the need for accessible and affordable healthcare services. According to various reports, the market is expected to continue its upward trajectory in the coming years.
Drivers of Telemedicine Growth:
Digital Penetration: The widespread availability of smartphones and internet connectivity has opened doors for telemedicine to reach remote and underserved areas. People in rural and urban areas alike can now access healthcare services with just a few clicks on their smartphones.
COVID-19 Pandemic: The global health crisis acted as a catalyst for the adoption of telemedicine. Social distancing norms and the fear of exposure to the virus prompted a surge in virtual consultations, making telemedicine a mainstream healthcare solution.
Government Initiatives: The Indian government has recognized the potential of telemedicine in improving healthcare accessibility. Initiatives such as the Telemedicine Practice Guidelines and the National Digital Health Mission have laid the foundation for a structured and regulated telehealth ecosystem.
Challenges and Solutions:
Digital Divide: Despite the growth, challenges related to the digital divide persist. Rural areas often face issues such as poor internet connectivity and a lack of digital literacy. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts from the government, private sector, and non-profit organizations.
Data Security Concerns: Patient data security is a critical aspect of telemedicine. Ensuring robust cybersecurity measures, compliance with data protection laws, and creating awareness among users are essential steps in overcoming these concerns.
Regulatory Framework: While the government has taken steps to regulate telemedicine, ongoing efforts are required to refine and adapt the regulatory framework to the evolving nature of the market. Striking a balance between innovation and patient safety is crucial.
Key Players and Platforms:
Several telemedicine platforms have emerged as key players in the Indian market. From established healthcare providers offering virtual consultations to dedicated telehealth startups, the landscape is diverse. Companies like Practo, Apollo 24/7, and Mfine are among those making significant contributions.
Key Companies working on it includes Lybrate, mFine, myUpchar, vHealth, Zoylo Digihealth Pvt. Ltd., TeleVital, DocOnline, MedCords, 1Mg, M16 Labs, Artem Health,
This document provides an overview of epidemiology, including:
1. Defining epidemiology as the study of disease patterns in populations.
2. Classifying epidemiology into descriptive and analytic types.
3. Describing levels of disease occurrence such as endemic, epidemic, and pandemic.
4. Explaining levels of disease prevention including primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary.
5. Outlining the infectious disease cycle and chain of infection with components like agent, reservoir, transmission.
In the intricate tapestry of the global ecosystem, the emergence of infectious diseases has always been a formidable challenge. As we stand on the precipice of the third decade of the 21st century, the specter of emerging infectious diseases looms larger than ever. The world has witnessed the devastating impact of diseases like HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and the H1N1 influenza, underscoring the critical need for a comprehensive understanding of these complex phenomena. In this blog, we will delve into the realm of emerging infectious diseases, exploring their causes, dynamics, and the collective efforts required to address them.
Defining Emerging Infectious Diseases:
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are those that have recently appeared within a population or those whose incidence or geographic range is rapidly increasing. These diseases can be caused by new or previously unidentified infectious agents, the spread of known agents to new populations, or changes in the environment that facilitate disease emergence.
Intensive Healthcare Facilities and Rooms.pdfbkbk37
1) Pandemic preparedness in healthcare facilities is important to minimize the impact and spread of pandemics.
2) Current healthcare facilities are often underprepared with inadequate equipment, supplies, and training to effectively respond to pandemics.
3) Developing comprehensive pandemic preparedness policies and strategies can help healthcare workers obtain necessary resources to fight pandemics and save lives.
This document provides an overview of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) including their global burden, categories, and control initiatives in Nepal. It discusses that NTDs affect over 1 billion people worldwide, with the most common being soil-transmitted helminth infections, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, and trachoma. In Nepal, eight NTDs are endemic including lymphatic filariasis, trachoma, and dengue. National control programs have been established for diseases like kala-azar, lymphatic filariasis, and trachoma. However, challenges remain around addressing climate change, securing adequate funding, and emerging parasite resistance.
threat to malaria control. Resistance to rifampicin, a
The threat of antimicrobial resistance is growing due to both appropriate and inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans and animals. Many infections are becoming difficult or impossible to treat as bacteria evolve resistance. While strategies have been implemented, more action is needed worldwide to curb resistance and preserve the effectiveness of existing drugs. This book examines experiences addressing resistance in different areas and progress since 2001, highlighting the need for continued efforts, especially political commitment, to combat the threat.
Role of chemical engineers to combat COVID 19 PandemicSABARINATH C D
Role of chemical engineer to combat COVID 19 Pandemic:
COVID-19,it is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was identified in December
2019 at Wuhan in China. On 11 March 2020 World Health Organization declared that it is a
global pandemic. Millions of people disrupted by this infectious respiratory disease outbreak.
All professionals are contributing to reduce this pandemic .as well as chemical engineering
professionals respond to this scenario. From the development of smaller, faster computer
chips to innovations in recycling, treating diseases, water treatment, and generating energy,
the processes and products that chemical engineers have helped to create a better world
.There are lot of great achievements, bold innovators, and new frontiers in the fields of
energy, the environment, biomedicine, electronics, food production, and materials from the
world of chemical engineering. So the chemical engineers are joining to respond to the
COVID-19 challenges. They can contribute more to help society through this pandemic.
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The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network: strengthening the public health prevention and outbreak control strategy
1. LEPTOSPIROSIS:
Strengthening the public health prevention
and outbreak control strategy
Michel Jancloes
MD, MPH, PHD
Health and Climate Foundation
4th International Disaster and Risk Conference Davos 2012
2. Global
Leptospirosis
Environmental
Action
Network
An intersectoral initiative
ERIC BERTHERAT, MD, MPH, MSc
GLEAN COORDINATOR
Pandemic and Epidemic Disease
WHO Geneva
Health and Climate
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012 Foundation
3. LEPTOSPIROSIS: Magnitude
• A global endemic +epidemic disease
• Of increasing magnitude through severe
post-disaster outbreaks
• Counting annually worldwide,
– 557,000 cases
– 55,8000 deaths
• Estimated, when adjusted(LERG OMS) for
potential underreporting to cause annually
– 1,730,000 cases,
– 123,000 deaths
• http://www.who.int/zoonoses/diseases/lerg/en/
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
4. A Public Health Threat
• A Major,
– yet neglected,
– non-detected,
– under-reported disease
• Absence of control strategy due to
– Nonspecific symptoms
– Complex transmission
– Complex pathogen agent with
multiple variants
(>250 sero-variants)
• Economic Impact: an important zoonosis
• Probable impact of climate change
• Increasing concerns at country level and
request for technical support
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
5. Philippines, 2009
680 cases of leptospirosis /yr with seasonal peak during the rainy season
Typhoon
Pepeng:
3 October
Typhoon Ondoy:
26 September
Thousands of people displaced and In the 2 following weeks, 505 suspect
housed in emergency evacuation ! cases and 15 deaths in Manila alone
centers
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
6. The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network
GLEAN:
GLEAN: A response to a multidisciplinary and inter-sectorial
challenge for clinicians, public health, water and sanitation
specialists, veterinarians, climatologists, biologists, statisticians,
anthropologists, economists.
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
7. GLEAN Development
To reduce the impact of post disaster outbreaks:
1. Inventory of scientific evidence-state of the arts:
Marseille 7-8 February 2011
2. Identification of knowledge and capacity gaps
ISPRA 17—19 January 2012
Detection and confirmation:
Case management
Vaccination
Mass chemoprophylaxis
Rodent control
Decontamination
Environment
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
8. GLEAN Objectives
5 years strategic plan
PREDICT PREVENT DETECT INTERVENE
Baseline Incidence? Case definition? Operational
Effectiveness of
preventive Guidance for
Main drivers and measures? outbreak control
predictive Laboratory case
value? Role of vectors? confirmation? Outbreak
preparedness
Informing public Role of human Algorithms for
health decision? and animal outbreak
vaccination ? detection ?
Tools to validate at
risk sites?
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
10. Plan 2012
• Preliminary recommendations for the control of human
leptospirosis in post disasters situations .
• Informing and mobilizing new partnership
– Literature review (Minnesota University)
– World mapping of the leptospirosis (endemic and epidemics)
(WHO Washington)
– Economic impact studies.
• Laboratory consortium development
• Rapid tests document (KIT Amsterdam et Pasteur Institut Paris)
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
11. Operational Recommendations
summary
Based on current scientific evidence based data,
the following may be recommended
1. Systematic detection and empirical treatment of probable cases
2. Collection and sending in number of laboratory samples of suspected
cases to the laboratories of reference(confirmation and identification of
pathogenic agents
3. Protection of individuals at risk by port of protection devices
4. Chemo prophylaxis of individuals at high risk
5. Mass information.(integrated health education)
In post-catastrophe phases, there is currently no evidence of impact of:
1. Mass Vaccination: (human and animal)
2. Mass chemo prophylaxis nor disinfecting waters : these measures are
limited to for high-risk workers.
3. Control of rodents out of context epidemic-(late intervention without on
human transmission)
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
12. Health and
Climate
THANKS! (photos thanks to SABY) Foundation
Global risk Forum Davos 28 08 2012
Editor's Notes
Expérience du réseau MERIT(Meningitis environment risk Information Technologies)