The document discusses disease elimination and eradication, and levels of prevention for infectious diseases. It defines eradication as permanently reducing the worldwide prevalence of a disease to zero, with smallpox being the only example. Elimination is reducing prevalence in an area or globally to zero or negligible levels, with polio and measles as examples of eliminated infections. The document also covers objectives to discuss these concepts, three levels of prevention and their application to infectious diseases, and national disease control programs.

1. ELIMINATIONS
ERADICATION
DR. SYED SANOWAR ALI
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
CHS, UMDC

2. 1ST SEMESTER : (MODULES) FOUNDATION + BLOOD
OBJECTIVES (FOUNDATION)
1. To define the spectrum of disease and community Medicine
2. To describe determinants of Health
3. To describe concepts of causation of disease (All theories
including ecological triad (Agent, Host & Environment)
4. To discuss Iceberg phenomenon
5. To discuss the three levels of prevention & their application
on infectious diseases
6. To define disease elimination & eradication
7. To discuss “HEALTH FOR ALL”, background, concepts &
progress
8. To define National disease control programs; polices,
strategies and operations

3. 1. TO DEFINE THE ERADICATION &
ELIMINATIONS
2. TO DISCUSS THREE LEVELS OF
PREVENTION & THEIR APPLICATION
ON INFECTIOUS DISEASE
OBJECTIVES

4. Tutorial 45 MINUTES
LECTURE 20 – 25 MINUTES
Quiz 5 minutes

5. ERADICATION
Permanent reduction of the worldwide
prevalence of a disease to zero
Small pox is the only example of an
eradicated disease
In this case, intervention measures
are no longer needed

6. Small pox:
Last case was
reported in
Somalia, 1977.

7. ELIMINATIONS
defined as the reduction of prevalence
of a disease in a defined area to zero
or the reduction of global prevalence
to a negligible amount.
Poliomyelitis and measles are
examples of eliminated infections.

8. Poliomyelitis: only
three countries
remained endemic
(Nigeria, Pakistan
and Afghanistan)