The Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence

The Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence
The rapid technological growth brings modern innovations in the field of technology. There is an
enthusiasm toward a new technology increases suspicion and anxieties regarding its probable
negative and positive social influence in today's world. Surrounding us are various technologies
which are assisting humans to live their life with more luxury for instance Artificial Intelligence and
social media as well. Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence is in routine use in various field and it
concentrates on providing solutions to real life problems to make it easier (Ferrari, Paladino,
&Jetten, 2016). However, social media develop to a phenomenon that has triggered a shift in the
way the world communicates. The rapid pace of advances in technology has considerable benefits
and drawbacks. These will be discussed in this essay. In addition, this work aims to clarify which
technological advance is more dangerous to humans and evaluate the level of threat. Most experts
agree that Artificial Intelligence is on the increase in various fields. It has become one of the most
controversial scientific issues of the twenty–first century. It raises the unemployment rate, workers
will not find enough jobs for them and some of them may lose their work. As a result of technology,
according to Wilson, Daugherty and Bianzino (2017), "The threat that automation will eliminate a
broad swath of jobs across the world economy is now well established. As Artificial Intelligence
(AI) systems become ever more
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Artificial Intelligence Advantages
Artificial Intelligence: 1 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 1.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI):
Artificial Intelligence, abbreviated as AI, is defined as the intelligence exhibited or shown by the
machines. AI is the ability of a machine to mimic intelligent human actions. In other words, artificial
intelligence refers to the study of "intelligent agents". 1.1.1. Artificially Intelligent agents:
Artificially Intelligent agents are the machines that recognize and understand their environment and
respond accordingly. The term 'artificial intelligence' is applied to refer to the machines or systems
that carry functions similar to human minds such as the art of 'learning' and 'problem solving' etc.
1.2 Activities performed by Intelligent Agents: Some of the major activities performed by the ...
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It has disadvantages as well. One major disadvantage is the cost incurred in its maintenance and
repair.Programs need to be updated to suit the changing requirements and machines need to be made
smarter. In case of a breakdown, the cost may be very high. If the control of machines goes in wrong
hands it may cause destruction. As machines cannot think, they can be usedto do the wrong things or
for mass destruction. The intuitive abilities that human possess, the way humans can judge based on
their previous knowledge, the inherent abilities that they have, cannot be replicated by machines.
Also, machines lack common sense. If robots begin to replace humans in every field, it will
eventually lead to unemployment. People will be left to do nothing. So much empty time may result
in destructive use. Machines may not be as efficient as humans in altering their responses depending
on the changing situations as they are programmed to function in a usual manner. With the heavy
application of AI, humans may become overly dependent on machines, losing their mental

Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Introduction Artificial intelligence is the study and development of enabling
computer and machine technology to learn, simulate intelligence, use logic, and perform tasks that
are typically performed by humans. Artificial intelligence is an area of research that has been prone
to controversy. Researchers are conflicted in regards to whether artificial intelligence is beneficial.
Some believe that it will help solve many societal issues, others fear that it will cause further
problems. Although technological advances bring many benefits, some members of society question
what the major impacts will be long–term. Brief History of AI The history of artificial intelligence
(AI), begins with many literary works ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Along with the unveiling of the mechanical man, Westinghouse Electric also introduced his
companion Sparko, a mechanical dog.3 The emergence of multiple new inventions in the 20th
century gave way to many new terminologies. In 1943, Arturo Rosenblueth, Norbert Wiener, and
Julian Bigelow coined the term "cybernetics," and by 1948 Norbert Wiener published a popular
book with the same name. By 1950, the inquiries about AI brought about the publishing of
"Computing Machinery and Intelligence," by A.M. Turing. In Turing's seminal paper, Turing raises
the question of the AI's ability to think and make decisions as an intelligent human would. This
paper would lead to a standard testing called the "Turing Test," which would be used by many
researchers of artificial intelligence. Less than a decade later, the term "artificial intelligence" would
be coined in 1956 by John McCarthy at the Dartmouth Conference, which was exclusively devoted
to AI discoveries.4 During the time between the early 1970s and late 1980s there were many
inventions that contradicted and confirmed beliefs about artificial intelligence. These inventions
ranged from a more advanced chess–playing computer used to train chess players, to natural
language programs. One noted milestone in AI history is the accomplishment of ALVINN (an
Autonomous Land Vehicle in a Neural Network), which drove 2800 miles in 1989. After the success
of ALVINN, the advances in AI

Benefit Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Today one of the most spectacular technologies in IT industry is "Artificial
Intelligence" that was invented in 1955 by John McCarthy who is also recognized as the father of AI
(Artificial Intelligence). As the name suggests that a technique which provides intelligence to
artificial (machine) is AI. Now let's elaborate what AI exactly is. Artificial Intelligence is such kind
of technology that makes a machine capable to act as a human as self–driving cars, robots, missile
guidance etc. Here intelligent agents are designed to perform according to the real–world
environment. For an instance, the voice recognition system takes the input of spoken words and
reacts according to it as Apple's Siri which listens to human voice and perform the task given to it.
So far, we have seen what Artificial Intelligence is. Now let's know about the benefits and risks
related to AI. Benefits of AI: Artificial Intelligence has made the technology so advanced that it's
benefits are taken in almost every field. Health: People who need some medical help can ask to the
computer that provides the proper solution to them, besides if there is some medical emergency and
the clinic or hospital is not nearby then the medical help can also be taken on phone by calling to a
hospital and tell about the problem, the nurse will put your problems in her system then the system
will provide the cure of the problem. Other than this AI is adopted in hospitals to store a large
amount

The Technology And Artificial Intelligence
What's the most advanced technology in the 21st century? The technology becomes more similar
like the human is the most advanced in the 21st century. Artificial intelligence is one part of
computer science involved with making computers behave like humans. (Vangie Beal. 2015).
Moreover, the Artificial Intelligence has scope very widely. Artificial Intelligence covers a broad
range of techniques, which can be applied to a very wide range of application areas. (Russell, Stuart
J.; Norvig Peter et al.,2003). Also, evidence will focus on the knowledge acquisition, data mining,
computer vision and the search. An artificial intelligence system is intelligent not only of banking
and sharing data, but also of acquiring, representing, and manipulating knowledge. (Buchanan. et
al., 1983). Data mining is the process of extracting non–trivial and potentially useful information, or
knowledge, from the enormous data sets available in experimental sciences. (Ancell, R.et al，2004).
Computer vision is a different field, and its researchers have multifaceted concerns and ambitions.
(Tomasz Malisiewicz, 2011). Search plays a significant role in solving many Artificial Intelligence
(AI) problems. The search is a universal problem–solving mechanism in AI. (Robin et al., 2009).
Knowledge Acquisition A knowledge acquisition is utilized to acquire area information around an
application with the end goal of developing a specialist framework. Knowledge acquisition is the
process of adding new

Artificial Intelligence. Essay
Artificial Intelligence: Cognitive Ability or Information Processing Computers have become an
integral part of our everyday lives. We rely upon these machines to perform innumerable tasks that
we often take for granted. Most people realize that computers are able to perform the multitude of
functions as a consequence of the programming they receive. These programs give computers a set
of instructions that governs their transition from one information processing state to another. Thus,
computational machines are able to respond to a certain set of inputs with a certain range of outputs.
In order to comprehend programs one needs only to describe these instructions in functional terms.
In this regard, computer programs are extremely similar ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Searle's opinion, computers can never be minds because they are inherently different from brains.
He argues that brains do not merely instantiate a program but also cause mental events by virtue of
specific neuro – biological processes. Searle is essentially making the contention that brains, by
virtue of their specific biochemical properties, cause minds. Consequently, according to Searle, any
artifact that produced mental phenomena would have to be able to duplicate the specific causal
powers of brains and it could not do that just by running a formal computer program. Although it is
interesting to contemplate, Searle's argument definitely has its share of flaws. The Churchlands, as
proponents in the possibility of artificial intelligence to duplicate the mind, (yet not believers of
strong AI as it was previously defined ) do their best to illustrate these weaknesses in his theory. The
primary objection which they have with Searle's argument against the plausibility of artificial
intelligence lies with the third premise in his original proof. The Churchlands argue that this
premise, which states, "Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of nor sufficient for semantics," is an
assumption rather than a fact. Additionally, they contend that to assume its truth is tantamount to
"begging the question" against classical AI. Classical AI rests on the premise that if one can

Power Of Artificial Intelligence
The power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is growing at an alarmingly dangerous rate and has the
potential to take over the world if we do not come together as a whole and put regulations on the
usage of it. Artificial Intelligence is defined as "The capability of a machine to imitate intelligent
human behavior" (Merriam–Webster). As we know Artificial intelligence now, it is fairly simple for
the uses that we have for it, such as SIRI on Apple devices, AI controlled video game opponents,
and Google's search algorithms predicting what you are going to type into its search bar. That is only
the beginning of Artificial Intelligence's many capabilities. Global militaries are researching and
developing technology for war that uses AI, car manufacturers are teaching AI how to drive cars by
itself, IBM uses its AI creation "Watson" to help businesses make decisions and grow, and thousands
of other major companies and powerful nations are using it in many unique ways. It contains many
different unique parts, but the main uses are: Learning, Reasoning, Perception, Reasoning, Problem
solving, and using Natural Language (Copeland 2017). We need to regulate or eliminate the use of
AI in war around the globe, stabilize the economy after implementation of AI, and reduce or
eliminate the inequality caused by it. AI controlled killing machines used in warfare, sounds cool,
right? They might sound like quite the sight to see, but what happens when they become smart
enough and decide to turn against the people who created them and are using them for their own
gain? How do we stop them? That is one question that many people have, but none seemed to know
the answer. What are the ethics behind using robots to kill people? For example, is it not just as bad
as a government that has chemical weapons, that uses them against people that do not? None of the
government's forces are harmed, yet thousands of people are harmed and killed from the weapons,
and it only takes one fighter jet and pilot to drop the bomb. It is the same with the AI controlled
robots, they could be deployed halfway across the world, yet be controlled by someone on the
complete other side of earth, without any threat of danger or harm. We need regulations like

Artificial Intelligence In Technology
"The increasing use of artificial intelligence in technology will transform our societies for the
worse." Module: FC–503 Tutor Name: Assessment type: Essay Student Number: T0061516 Word
Count: The theme of the 2017 Summer Davos meeting was about the fourth revolution of science
and technology and artificial intelligence was undoubtedly one of the main topics discussed by
people. From driving interactive voice with nobody to Alphago defeat the invincible chess champion
Ke Jie (Gibney, E, 2017). There is an increasing number of people use artificial intelligence to make
life easier and more interesting (Lohr, S, 2012). That mean artificial intelligence will bring
significant changes in human beings. In my opinion, the rise in ... Show more content on
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Like Darwin 's theory of survival of the fittest, work is changing with social needs (Mayr, 1994).
Many positions and occupations will gradually disappear. For example, craftsmen in the traditional
manufacturing industry were replaced by line workers, or computer literate personal assistants
replaced secretaries who only used paper and typewriters. According to the research data: since
World War II, after Industrial Development, the rate of labor participation has been declining in the
United States and other industrialized countries (Hughes, 2014). Snyder (2013) reckons that in the
next 20 years, half of the work will now be replaced by robots. In the near future, artificial
intelligence technology will learn to control such as unmanned vehicles and robots of this kind of
semi–independent and independent hardware facilities, gradually replace the factory workers,
construction workers, drivers, express and many other occupations. However, at the same time,
education, health care, tourism and other services will generate huge demand for services. Those
positions can absorb the labor force replaced by AI (Levy & Murnane, 2012). In other words, the
wider use of AI will stimulate the development of new careers. Artificial intelligence will bring a
massive change in the type and proportion of existing jobs and employment. Work related to
innovation will still be done primarily by humans. On the one hand, making computers to

Importance Of Artificial Intelligence
" What was once just a figment of the imagination of some of the most famous science fiction
writers, artificial intelligence ( AI) is taking root in our everyday lives" ( Science Fiction to Reality
1). Artificial Intelligence is a machinery which includes network and a probabilistic model. Artificial
intelligence is the computer that can now spontaneously translate spoken and written conversation.
It can also recognize and accurately cations photos, identify faces and can be your personal
assistant. Artificial intelligence has specific technologies, like the machine learning methods called
neural network, that can be trained from massive data sets to recognize objects in images or to
understand spoken words. Artificial intelligence is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is important to notice that Artificial intelligence is an important part of many people's
lives.Artificial intelligence helps make a difference in people's lives.Think about this, imagine a
world without technology, we would be lost because our lives are based on technology because they
make people's lives better and easier. Artificial intelligence makes a huge impact on many people's
lives in many aspects which make their lives more valuable. Think about this, without artificial
intelligence then the lives of people would be horrendous. Would you want your world to be horrible
while watching other places have advanced technology? Artificial intelligence doesn't only help
make your life better and easier, it also does things that humans can't so. Secondly, artificial
intelligence is smarter than human and can do the thing that humans can do and cannot do.
Computer intelligence has been growing over the years and soon they would be smarter than us. For
example, "... Computer power has doubled every 18 months since 1956....The resulting intelligence
gap between machines and people, Bostrom said.."
(Rise of the Machines 1). This shows that with the technology we have we can make these amazing
artificial intelligence that can outsmart us and can help us with our life. Imagine this with these
technologies our country would be the best country ever. We could use the technology to help us
with our lives. We could

The Characteristics Of Artificial Intelligence
One must truly understand what artificial intelligence is in order to assess its usefulness in society.
In the article "Artificial Intelligence" by Paul Norvig, it states "The field of artificial intelligence
(AI) is the science and engineering of machines that act intelligently." (Herzfeld 509). So, what does
Norvig mean when these machines act intelligently? This means that Artificial Intelligence mimics
human intelligence as if it had its own consciousness. Consider this, whenever you perform a task,
for example, sorting colored objects into their matching containers, programmers who design these
Artificial Intelligent machines go through the logical process we do as humans. So, if someone had a
red cube and was looking for its container, one would go through a logical chronological process.
First, one would define the color of the object, red. Then, one would find out what type of object he
or she is holding, cube. Finally, in order to complete the task, sorting colored objects into their
matching containers, one would identify the container that was for red cubes. This is an example of
the logical process regarding Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is difficult to define.
There are so many areas in which intelligent machines could benefit life, a single definition wouldn't
fully encompass its capabilities. Noreen L. Herzfeld, Professor of Theology and Computer Science
at College of Saint Benedict, provides an interesting perspective on what Artificial

Human Intelligence And Artificial Intelligence
There is little consensus on what human intelligence is, how it works, and how it is formed. There
are several different theories as to what intelligence is, and there is no concrete explanation of
intelligence. Despite these uncertainties, many have proposed the idea modeling human intelligence
and creating artificial intelligence. Many see artificial intelligence as a way to bypass human error
and to improve jobs by completing them faster and more accurately. They argue that artificial
intelligence can be based on human intelligence, and thought processes can be translated into
computer programs to create a non–human entity that can think. In contrast, many others do not
think it is possible to recreate the human mind and thought ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In the article Some Current Trends in Research of Intelligence, Imrich Ruisel examines three
different concepts of intelligence before applying the ideas to artificial intelligence. As there is not a
single set of ideas about intelligence, multiple theories and concepts need to be looked at in order to
try and replicate intelligence into artificial intelligence. Ruisel breaks down intelligence into three
categories: (one) a general intelligence represented by Spearman's g factor and is based on
biological differences accounting for differences in cognitive performance, (two) intelligence as it
relates to behavior, and (three) intelligence is composed of a set of abilities and an individual's total
knowledge (Ruisel 2007). Each of these three concepts of intelligence provides different challenges
in the task to create artificial intelligence. However, it is still important to consider different views of
intelligence when looking at artificial intelligence; artificial intelligence cannot be understood or
created unless all of the information about intelligence itself is known. As human intelligence
consists of many different aspects, artificial intelligence must follow this pattern if it is to be based
on human intelligence. In her article On the Approaches of Classical Artificial Intelligence and
Embodied Artificial Intelligence, Elena Nechita explains classical approaches to artificial
intelligence and some of the problems associated with

An Ai Or Artificial Intelligence?
In recent history a lot of people have discussed a specific term thoroughly and that term is an AI or
Artificial Intelligence. Over the years Hollywood has been using this topic to make movies. Now the
question arises what exactly is Artificial Intelligence? According to Merriam Webster, "Artificial
Intelligence is a branch of computer science which deals with simulating the intelligent behavior in
computers." This means that an artificially intelligent machine behaves like a human being.
According to Britannica, Alan Turing, who was a British mathematician started working on
Artificial Intelligence back in 1933. He was also the one who coined the term Artificial Intelligence.
He considered artificially intelligent machine to have limitless memory and a scanner. This machine
uses the scanner to read all the information in its memory and rewrites the information in order to
improve itself. The machine does this by following certain set of commands. According to
Britannica, the development of Artificial Intelligence began in the late 1950s and this progress has
been phenomenal. Initially, computer programs played checkers and then evolved over, time to play
faster. In modern times, voice–recognizing multitasking computers, have been developed. Recently
Microsoft launched their AI which was able to talk with normal people on Twitter and other social
media. This Artificial Intelligence manages to accomplish this because it follows certain commands
in the form of programs. Most

Artificial Intelligence And Human Intelligence
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Name Mohammed Warsame Institutional Affiliation 26th January,
2015 Table of Contents Artificial Intelligence 3 Abstract 3 Project Outline 4 Introduction 5 Factors
that inhibit a human from executing the rational decision 6 Soft Computing Domains Inspired by
Biology 8 Soft Computing 8 Artificial Neural Network 9 Genetic Computing and Evolutionary
Computing 10 Emotions and Artificial Intelligence 12 Neural Network Inheritance 12 Is there need
to Inherit the Entirety of the Neural Architecture? 13 Conclusion 14 Reference List 15 Artificial
Intelligence Abstract The purpose of this paper is to bring to light a fresh new perspective of
Artificial Intelligence or simply (AI). There have been numerous endeavours to make artificial
intelligence which is inclusive of frontiers such as neural network, evolution theory, and so forth,
not forgetting that a number of current issues have found solutions in the application of these
concepts, the case still remains that each theory only covers a certain isolated aspect of human
intelligence. To date, he gap that stands between a human being and an artificial intelligence agent
still remains unabridged. In this paper an extrapolated version of artificial intelligence shall be
discussed which will be augmented by emotions and the plausibility of inheriting a neural
architecture from one generation to the next in a bid to make artificial intelligence to compare to the
natural behaviour and intelligence of human

Artificial Intelligence Essay
This paper will give a brief definition of the term Artificial Intelligence (AI). It will take an in–depth
look at the origins and purpose of this exciting field in computer science. In particular, this paper
will discuss a few of the many subcategories of research, applications and current technological
obstacles that scientist face when developing AI. In addition, the author will look at AI's various
military specific applications for the purpose of training, target acquisition and command and
control capabilities. Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence may come in many forms, but for
the purpose of this paper, I have adopted the definition from The Columbia Encyclopedia (2008),
which states ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
John McCarthy later coined the expression artificial intelligence while attending a summit at
Dartmouth in 1956 with a few other remarkably gifted mathematicians, psychologists and engineers.
This two–month seminar officially became the birth of AI (Copeland, 1993). Too many variables
contribute to the enormous field of AI. According to Russell and Norvig (2009), Artificial
Intelligence is broken down into a handful of concentrated smaller subcategories for research
purposes. For example, problem solving is one of the most important subcategories. You must be
able to reach your answer by starting from the beginning and reaching the end with a limited
number of steps. Researchers in this field of AI are involved with designing models with a reasoning
process that will solve complex mathematical theorems. Game theory research allows scientists to
design complex analytical programs. These programs will give computers the analytical skills
needed to optimize its chances of winning in a game environment. In pattern recognition, scientists
must solve the task of enabling computers to identify and isolate smaller units of data from larger
groups. The computer will need this processing capability in order to recognize and select shapes,
forms and configurations. The process can be compared to a doctor's ability to

Essay On Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence: Helpful or dangerous? Ever since 1956, when John McCarthy coined the
term "artificial intelligence" (AI) for computer systems that are able to perform tasks that normally
require human intelligence, AI has grown into something incredible. When one looks at what AI
really is, it can be quite alarming. The world today is dominated by technology; this means that it is
in houses, work places, schools and more. To many, this is a good thing that people should continue
to improve on. However, there are many risks in looking at what can happen with AI and people can
argue for both sides. That being said, in examining both the risks and rewards of artificial
intelligence, AI is dangerous and should not be taken any ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Once these weapons are hacked, nobody will be able to understand the extent to which AI will spin
out of control. All of this being said, the possibility of an uncontrollable warfare is absolutely
terrifying and cannot be overlooked. AI needs to be controlled and people need to be stopped from
developing it any further; the risk is much larger than the reward in situations such as these. To
continue, another very real risk is that the AI is programmed to do something helpful, but ends up
developing its own destructive way of doing it. In an article produced by the Future of Life Institute,
Benefits & Risks of Artificial Intelligence, this could happen this could happen "whenever we fail to
fully align the AI's goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult." There are many places this can
happen; one of those being on the battlefield where machines can turn into absolute killers who
choose their own targets. Another problem is that even if humans do program AI to do a specific job
and they do it correctly, AI will always find a way to grow. As stated in Amitai and Oren Etzioni's
article, Should Artificial Intelligence Be Regulated?, "computers will continue to advance and give
birth to rapid technological progress that will result in dramatic and unpredictable changes for
humanity" (Etzioni 32). There will soon come a time where AI will become too powerful for

Artificial Intelligence And Artificial Technology
The discussion of "artificial intelligence" is ultimately based on the development of computers. As
early as 1930s, Turing, a scientist, tried to make an intelligent machine in his short life in accordance
with his computational theory and even hoped to prove his theory–Any wisdom. After all, it was
nothing but an extremely complicated operation. All of Turing's explorations focus on "wisdom,"
while the concept of "artificial intelligence" (Artificial Intelligence) was co–sponsored by John
McCathy and Marvin Minsky. They also co–founded MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, the
world's most influential scientific research facility. If Turing's "Wisdom Machine" focuses on using
the machine to implement one of the six major human intelligence functions, such as vision,
language, learning, computing, reasoning, and cognition, Minsky argues that the problems facing the
development of artificial intelligence is that if the machine has not yet solved the problem of human
beings, because once any problem can be solved by the machine, human beings will automatically
remove the field of artificial intelligence to explore. Back to the scientific point of view, you want to
make a clear change in artificial intelligence, the first point is to clarify the complexity of the human
brain, and then can be analogy. From a scientific perspective, how complex is our human brain? An
average human brain has 100 billion neurons. An average brain weighs about 1,500 grams and
consumes an average

Artificial Intelligence1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) conjures up visions of robots that can mix dry
martinis while beating a grand master at chess; and to some, will one day be able to look, act, think
and react just like a real person. I would like to explore the concept of AI as it relates to the business
world, and its possible many other applications. I believe that true AI is a dream worth pursuing.
Like me, there are many who, just like those of the early 1960's, thought that putting a man on the
moon seemed to be an extremely difficult, but not an impossible task, believing the achievement of
true AI to come is just a matter of time. To remain competitive, companies must continue to improve
by doing better and doing more; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From this definition or description of intelligence we can gather that to exhibit true intelligence,
there must be a conscious state, in other words, a state or condition of self–awareness. AI is broadly
defined as anything that a computer does that we normally consider to be a human trait. AI is the
part of computer science concerned with designing intelligent computer systems, that is systems that
exhibit the characteristics we associate with intelligence in human behavior–understanding
language, learning, reasoning, solving problems and so on. Today's AI sprung from the discipline
commonly referred to Decision Support Systems, and as such, a true look at AI can not be
conducted without first taking a look at its predecessors. Why Have Decision Support Systems
Decision Support Systems provide a valuable data repository of lessons learned. By maintaining this
data and providing real time updates, managers can help support their business choices by looking at
a history of similar decisions made by others in their positions. This does not mean that every
decision made, based on this data, will be good. However, it does help lower the probability of a bad
one. This function alone can save a company from making a small error to making errors, which
could threaten its ability to remain viable. What types of Decision Support Systems are there?
Before we can understand the ramifications of these

What Is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is the established name for the field, but the term "artificial intelligence" is a
case of much confusion because artificial intelligence can be defined as the opposite of real
intelligence. Artificial intelligence is defined as the concept of solving the problem in such a manner
where the complex problem deals with the help of machines in more specific human like fashion or
in simple words .It is combination of two terms machine + human being . It means human
intelligence in a machine that can be in robots, computer or any other electronic equipment. In
artificial intelligence problems are solved regarding the real world in it human being give commands
and problem is solved by the machines. With the invention of digital ... Show more content on
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Where artificial means not real or natural and by intelligence means the ability to reason, to trigger
new thoughts, to perceive and learn intelligence is. Artificial intelligence can be defined that area of
computer science that mainly focus on the making on such kind of intelligent machines that work
and give reaction same like human beings. It is combination of many activities which includes for
designing the artificial in computers that are like– recognizing the speech, Learning, Planning,
solving the problem. In other words it can be defined as programming such machines which can
think and act with some level of human intelligence is known as artificial intelligence. In 1956, john
McCarthy used the term artificial intelligence. So artificial intelligence can be defined as making
computer programs to solve complex problems same like as human solve the problems. So it is also
divided into two parts one is to solving the complex problem by the machine and second is same
like human beings. The term artificial intelligence is also used to describe a property of machines or
programs: the intelligence that the system demonstrates. Artificial Intelligence is combination of
science and engineering for making the machines which behaves in intelligent manner. In it many
fields are combined like philosophy, psychology, and computer science

Artificial Intelligence: The Heart Of Artificial Intelligence
GAME AGENTS
In games, the purpose of AI is to create an intelligent agent, referred as a non player character
(NPC). This agent acts as an opponent, an ally, or as a neutral entity in the game world. The heart of
artificial intelligence is a gaming agent.
An agent has three key steps through which it continually loops. The steps are commonly known as
the sense–think–act cycle.
1Now coming across these steps,
1. SENSING
The game agent must have information about the current state of the world to make decisions and to
act on those decisions. The world offers this information to the game agent about the existence,
location, and state of every opponent, barrier, or object.
Game agents are given human limitations. They are confined to know
2only ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is important to compute vector to each object to minimize processing.
The following is the order of the steps:
1. by viewing the distance between the object and the agent
2. by seeing if the object is within the viewing angle of the agent(using dot product between object
vector and agents forward vector)
3. by seeing if the object is unobscured by the environment
– Hearing
An interesting twist on agent awareness is to allow an agent to sense through hearing. Hearing is
commonly modeled through event–driven notifications. For example, if the player performs an
action that makes a noise, the game will compute where that noise might travel to and inform any
agents within that range.
– Communication
Many types of agents are expected to communicate with each other, so it may be important to model
the transfer of sensed knowledge be– tween agents.
3Similar to the mechanism of hearing, information from communication will be event–driven in the
form of notifications. When an agent has useful information and comes within a certain distance of
other agents, the information will be sent directly to the other

The Controversy of Artificial Intelligence
Throughout its history, artificial intelligence has always been a topic with much controversy. Should
human intelligence be mimicked? If so, are there ethical bounds on what computers should be
programmed to do? These are a couple of question that surround the artificial intelligence
controversy. This paper will discuss the pros and cons of artificial intelligence so that you will be
able to make an educated decision on the issue. What is Artificial Intelligence? The first step in
getting anywhere with this debate must begin with defining what artificial intelligence is exactly.
Artificial Intelligence, also known as AI, is the area of computer science focusing on creating
machines that can engage in the human behaviors of intelligence. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
ITSs will offer considerable flexibility in presentation of material and a greater ability to respond to
student needs. CONS of AI Every controversial issue has its downside. Some of the cons of AI
include: Cost Loss of jobs Losing social life Ethical Issues Fear Cost Perhaps the single most
obvious con is the amount of funding that has gone into AI research. Federal funding is critical
because it can sustain long–term high–risk research and provide a collection of technical and human
resources. The big question is whether such funding is justifiable. In a world where poverty, disease,
and hunger still plague the less fortunate, wouldn't the billions of dollars be better spent aiding those
in need? Why should we worry about the possibility of artificial life when we still haven't conquered
our more immediate problems? Funding is the smallest problem of AI. Losing Jobs in the Industry
Many people fear that adding AI to industries will mean a decrease in jobs, which it will. Many
fields will feel the effect of AI, if not today, in the near future. Assembly lines that once contained
humans, now contain robots. Check–out clerks at stores are gradually being replaced with self
check–out machines. Bank tellers aren't used as often because of the ease of automated teller
machine (ATM) banking. In fact, some banks charge a fee if you use their tellers for transactions
that can be made at an ATM. In the previous section, it was stated that AI

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Contents : Abstract : Introduction : History : Concepts : Branches
of AI : Artificial Intelligence in fiction : Problems o 7.1 Deduction, reasoning, problem solving o 7.2
Knowledge representation o 7.3 Planning o 7.4 Learning o 7.5 Motion & manipulation o 7.6
Perception o 7.7 Social intelligence o 7.8 Creativity o 7.9 General intelligence  VIII : Tools o 8.1
Search & optimization o 8.2 Logic o 8.3 Probabilistic methods for uncertain reasoning o 8.4 Neural
Networks o 8.5 Control Theory o 8.6 Languages  IX : Philosophy  X : Applications of Artificial
Intelligence  XI : Conclusion  XII : References        I II III IV V VI VII I:
Abstract At the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those who attended would become the leaders of AI research for decades. Many of them predicted
that a machine as intelligent as a human being would exist in no more than a generation and they
were given millions of dollars to make this vision come true. Eventually it became obvious that they
had grossly underestimated the difficulty of the project. In 1973, in response to the criticism of Sir
James Lighthill and ongoing pressure from congress, the U.S. and British Governments stopped
funding undirected research into artificial intelligence. Seven years later, a visionary initiative by the
Japanese Government inspired governments and industry to provide AI with billions of dollars, but
by the late 80s the investors became disillusioned and withdrew funding again. This cycle of boom
and bust, of "AI winters" and summers, continues to haunt the field. Undaunted, there are those who
make extraordinary predictions even now. Progress in AI has continued, despite the rise and fall of
its reputation in the eyes of government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Problems that had
begun to seem impossible in 1970 have been solved and the solutions are now used in successful
commercial products. However, no machine has been built with a human level of intelligence,
contrary to the optimistic predictions of the first generation of AI researchers. "We can only see a
short distance ahead," admitted Alan Turing, in a famous 1950 paper that catalyzed the

The Benefits Of Artificial Intelligence
What's the first thing you think of when someone says, "Artificial Intelligence"? The Terminator?
Perhaps the Matrix trilogy? Ever since the inception of the computer, science fiction has brought us
scenes of super–intelligent computers who want to take over all of mankind. In reality, Artificial
Intelligence is still in it's infancy, and has done much more good for humans than bad. Over time,
people's perspective of AI has changed drastically. We have gone from thinking that AI will take
over the world and obliterate mankind to thinking about all the benefits we can get from AI. The
change in people's perspective lately towards a more positive view of AI has boosted the production,
sales, and advancement of home automation and AI, making ... Show more content on
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As a species, we gained the ability to learn from each other and specialize further in whatever sector
we were skilled in. Specialization allowed humanity to use their time to do things besides just
surviving. People began to live longer, healthier lives, and the average man's contribution to society
increased. Then, in the last 25 years, we have seen the expansion of the information age. Never
before has there been a source of literally all of human knowledge. There have been great libraries
with thousands of books, but nothing that can even remotely compare to the level of ease of access
that the internet provides. What does this tell us? This says that the rate of humanity's technological
advancement is rapidly increasing. A common model for how quickly computers are advancing is
given by Moore's Law. Moore's law is a prediction made in 1965 by Gordon Moore, co–founder of
Intel, based on his observation of computer progress, that says that the number of transistors that can
fit on a chip of a given area doubles roughly every 18 months (Investopedia). Transistor count
correlates directly to performance and efficiency. Our progress on the power of computer and
abilities of Artificial Intelligence in the past couple years is enticing, but if progress continues at the
same rate, the famed, or to some infamous, singularity is right around the corner.

Benefits Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence, more commonly referred to by its abbreviations AI, is defined as intelligence
displayed by machines rather than humans. Its aptitudes include successfully recognising and
comprehending human speech, computing simulations and analysing an immense amount of
elaborate data. As there is limitless potential for this technology, there is a lot of research currently
underway to develop AI with the ability to outperform humans at virtually every cognitive task,
rather than specific tasks that it is capable of now. What will this mean for our future? One of the
greatest potentials of AI is its ability to analyse billions of pieces of data in less than a second,
combine all the results and produce a solution. Because it has ... Show more content on
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However, with a developed AI system, autonomous robots will be able to perform these tasks with
little to no supervision from humans. At the same time, because an artificially intelligent robot will
be capable of much more than humans in the future, its body not getting tired or slowing down
exponentially due to old age, many fear that a large majority of our jobs will be supplanted.
Professional roles such as doctors, lawyers and accountants could be replaced by artificial
intelligence by the year 2025 (Shaping Tomorrow 2014). Finally, scientists and AI experts foresee
benefits that AI can bring to our bodies. Currently, scientists have not yet designed a replacement
limb capable of full functionality that a real limb offers. However, AI could change that, as the brain
would be able to communicate with the replacement limb, and allow patients to experience life in
much the same way as they did before. There are also hopes that AI will allow us to modify the
current generic treatment solutions to provide specialised treatment for individuals. This could mean
that treatment times are drastically reduced. The world is constantly changing and will change even
more when AI becomes a reality. Whilst these consequences are mere speculations right now, they
could very well become true in the future, so caution and more research is

Artificial Intelligence : The Reality Of Artificial...
In today's world, technology is always advancing to become a more necessary part of our everyday
life. It makes our days very much easier when we have a small device in our hands, that holds so
much information and allows us to perform tasks that back then, we would need multiple devices.
Competition drives these advancements and every time we get a new product, we can never think of
how technology could get better. Then all of a sudden, they find a way to make it better. So we are
never satisfied with what we have, when it comes to technology. There is still a goal these creators
have in mind that will truly be the ultimate technological advance, something that will be created
with the idea of making the world a better place. That creation is Artificial intelligence or AI for
short. The closest form of AI we have today is Siri, but siri is not a full on AI. Siri only functions
when it is told to and it is only capable of very basic tasks. AI has to be as intelligent as a human
brain and also as fast and efficient as one. It can even be more advanced than a human brain. The
goal is for AI to be the answer to all our problems. As good as it sounds, people have these thoughts
that AI could potentially bring negative outcomes with it's creation. Now I am personally open to the
idea of AI's existence, because of the benefits it would give us, but I am not saying it is something
that will actually exist. There a lot of theories on how AI could benefit us or not, so what are

Artificial Intelligence And The Military
Practical Artificial Intelligence in the Military The idea of artificial intelligence has been around for
thousands of years. Ancient Greek myths talk about how machines were made to perform tasks for
their creators. The most basic forms of artificial intelligence arose from people creating machinery
to do tasks for them, such as using windmills to mill grain or retrieve water from the ground,
deriving formulas of math to reach answers quicker, or to print books that would have to be hand
written before. Just recently, artificial intelligence has started being implemented into the military.
The expansion and development of artificial intelligence in the military is safe. It will ultimately
remove humans from the battlefield and/or equip them with technologically advanced gear that will
help prevent injuries during war that would otherwise be fatal. At this point in time it seems rather
outlandish to have machines or supersoldiers (people aided by technology in war) to be sent off to
war to fight for our safety. However, these forms of A.I. are not completely polished but, they are on
the horizon and will help greatly reduce the toll that tragedies of war have on the United States. War
would be exponentially safer for our country and soldiers if artificial intelligence is used properly.
The United States needs to realize how war is going to be fought in the future. According to The
New York Times article, "Artificial Intelligence in the Next War," officials of the United

Human Intelligence And Artificial Intelligence
More than often, we encounter the idea of computers becoming smarter and surpassing the human
brain; opinions like these are accepted by the general public and are perceived skeptical by
scientists, psychologists, and philosophers alike. The concern is not between machine and brain, but
whether human ingenuity is as exceptional as or better than nature itself. The human being, a natural
part of the world, has evolved from lower organisms to much higher, complex creatures; eventually
the evolutionary process occurred because we were able to interact with our environment and being
shaped by it physically and mentally, as this interaction was at an all–time high, we came up with
intelligence. Intelligence has fascinated man since the dawn of time, and lead man to create one of
the greatest innovations that rivaled human intelligence: artificial intelligence. The competition
between human intelligence and artificial intelligence ultimately leads to the battle of nature and
science. Eventually these two forms of intelligence, human and artificial, must coincide and it must
be understood how each would interact with one another and be utilized. The latest technology
incorporates some sort of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence
exhibited by machines or software (). All types of machines and software contain some sort of
artificial intelligence, even the simplest ones. AI is a system that perceives its surrounding
environment and takes actions

Artificial Intelligence Bias
The last hundred years has seen incredible advances in what technology can do, and now influence
every part of our day. Many books and movies are built around a theme of the dangers of technology
becoming more intelligent than humans and turning against us, such as 2001: A Space Odyssey, and
the Terminator franchise. But will artificial intelligence ever be advanced enough to turn against us?
Perhaps not as a robot; artificial intelligence is already being used to shape our actions, from what
we buy to who we vote for. Artificial intelligence learns from the data it is provided and finds
patterns and connections. Since this data is provided by us humans, it learns not only facts, but also
picks up our biases and prejudices. A publication from UMBC Professor Cynthia Matuszek shows
that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The TED talk "We're building a dystopia just to make people click on ads" by former UMBC
professor Zeynep Tufekci, companies such as Google and Facebook already use AI algorithms to
influence our social media environments (Tufekci). While researching Donald Trump's 2016
presidential campaign, Tufecki watched several of his rallies on YouTube (Tufekci). She noticed that
"YouTube started recommending to me and autoplaying to me white supremacist videos in
increasing order of extremism. If I watched one, it served up one even more extreme and autoplayed
that one, too....The algorithm has figured out that if you can entice people into thinking that you can
show them something more hardcore,

"Let's not kid ourselves, robots already run most of the world. We'll be their butlers soon enough."
(Brain Quote) Artificial Intelligence is the development of computer systems that normally require
human intelligence. This (Artificial Intelligence) has lead to countless short–term positives such as
"improving the speed, quality, and costs of available goods and services (Karsten and West 1). (This
being said from the Brooking institution) However, as businesses continue to use Artificial
Intelligence to increase extra goods and make more money, they will replace human jobs. "Already
trending from the automation stems in part from the Great Recession, which forced businesses to
operate with fewer workers. After growth, businesses are still ... Show more content on
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This can lead to more benefits as a business. As a result all of these combined has influenced the
way the business world works now, and will stay. Additionally, because of businesses, jobs are being
lost. Multiple studies have pointed to businesses being lost. An example would be how "in 2014
Google was valued at $307 billion with only 55,000 employees, a tenth of AT&T's in the 1960's
(West 1)." The past may be evidence to see a timelapse in the near future. In a recent study(pdf),
economists Daren Acemoglu of MIT and Pascual Restrepo of Boston University try to quantify how
worried we should be about robots. They examine the impact of industrial automation on the US
labor market from 1990 to 2007. They conclude that each additional robot reduced employment in a
given commuting area by 3–6 workers, and lowered overall wages by 0.25–0.5%. (Kopf) The pace
that humans are losing job is brisk. According to Matthew Rendall from the University of
Nottingham, " the U.S. and Canada have been losing jobs to offshore competition for almost half a
century. From 2000 to 2010 alone, 5.6 million jobs disappeared. Only thirteen percent was due to
international trade. About eighty– five percent was due to productivity

Artificial Intelligence In Chapppie
In a world where Artificially Intelligent robot police keep the streets in order, smarter inventions are
bound to arise. In the movie Chappie, the main character Chappie, is programmed with a new
system that can make him feel and think independently. This film relates to the philosophers Searle
and Turing due to their similar topics of Artificial Intelligence.
Searle distinguishes two types of Artificial Intelligence which is Strong Artificial Intelligence and
Weak Artificial Intelligence. They are both categorized based on the objectives that the inventors
and researchers are concentrated on attaining. Strong Artificial Intelligence is a computer
programmed to mimic the behavior of a human would possess intelligence. Intelligence is ... Show
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On this view intelligence is just being able to imitate or mimic what a human being does. So, a
computer that can pass a turing test is intelligent. Chappie relates to Turing's position because
Chappie speaks and acts the same as a human, if it wasn't for his appearance it would be very
difficult to differentiate Chappie from a human. This film fully supports Turing because Chappie
perfectly represents Strong Artificial Intelligence. As soon as Chappie is created by his inventor, he
establishes a mother and father figure for himself. He grows up the same as a child does, starting
from scratch and learning by watching and listening to his surroundings. Then, Chappie soon gets
his own ideas and opinions the more time goes by. He acts and thinks independently, just the same
as a human being, therefore he is truly intelligent.
The Chinese Room Argument is Searle's refutation of Strong Artificial Intelligence. The idea will be
that we have an entity that will pass a Turing Test, but which clearly lacks intelligence, therefore it
represents Weak Artificial Intelligence. The Chinese Room argument Searle created has an English
speaker in a room with chinese writing and symbols and rules in English for translating a words into
a symbol. Just because the person can translate a symbol into a word does not make the room
intelligent. The answers come out right, but that

Artificial Intelligence : Is Artificial IntelligenceGood...
What are the ethical implications of artificial intelligence; Is artificial intelligence "good" or "bad"?
"The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence" is a chapter from the book Artificial Intelligence, by Q. L.
Pearce. While more than 120 books under his belt, Q.L. Pearce is an accomplished writer of over 30
years. This experience as an author serves to create an articulate and thought provoking piece of
writing. Pearce's experience also suggests that he does his research. I found this electronic source on
the Gale Database by using my access granted by Chemeketa. While Q.L. Pearce isn't an expert in
artificial intelligence, he primarily utilizes rhetorical questions to propose various perspectives to the
reader. His goal is primarily to make you think about the ethical questions that robots and AI would
pose if they achieve consciousness. Furthermore, Q.L. Pearce supplements his lack of knowledge
with quotes and citations from various experts in order to fill any gaps his lack of expertise might
cause, which creates a balanced and well thought out piece of writing. The text is approximately 6
years old. While this could limit the accuracy of the info slightly, it is recent enough that the age
shouldn't raise any concerns. Besides, the content is less statistical and more theoretical, so currency
is less important. The questions are still relevant to this day. This resource is useful to my research
because it proposes some thought provoking questions and gives some additional

Artificial Intelligence
Two months ago Open AI's artificial intelligence beat the world's best Dota 2 player in a one versus
one battle. Unlike chess or go, Dota 2 doesn't have any simple rules that can be converted into
algorithms for the AI. Instead it was merely given the controls, a goal, and time. It learned how to
play just from two weeks of failures against itself until it was better than every human. This is the
first complex, non algorithmic victory for AI and it is slightly terrifying because it means they can
learn tasks more complicated than simple logic based rules, such as dealing with unpredictability on
the jobsite or human error. AI is becoming so developed it is only a matter of time before it fully
integrates into our society. But we are not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Like a centaur, the hybrid would have the strength of each of its components: the processing power
of a large logic circuit and the intuition of a human brain's wetware." He proved, through chess
which was the first AI vs human milestone, that humans working with computers can achieve better
results for complex tasks than either could achieve alone. While computers will replace humans in
easy jobs, complex tasks will require them to work together for the best results.. I agree with Clive
Thomson that certain jobs will require working alongside machines however, and more simplistic
jobs will still be taken over completely leaving a large portion of the population unemployed. A
soon to be unemployed society needs to stop fearing a basic income system, tying income to work is
justifiable, but when jobs are disappearing faster than new ones rise, it is instead irrational. Clay
Dillow and Brooks Rainwater, in an article called "Why Free Money for Everyone is Silicon
Valley's Next Big Idea" written in 2017, argues that basic income needs to be setup before artificial
intelligence enters the workforce. One key reason for the need of basic income is because "the
White House Council of Economic Advisers estimated that workers making below $20 an hour
would have an 83% chance of losing their jobs to robots in [the next two decades]." That is
essentially

Essay On Artificial Intelligence
Introduction I chose Artificial Intelligence since I believe that it is extremely intriguing and
important in the field of Information Technology. Artificial Intelligence is the theory and
development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence,
such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision–making, and translation between languages.
AI is usually defined as the capability of a computer program to perform tasks or reasoning
processes that we associate to intelligence in a human. Often it has to do with the ability to make a
good decision even when there is uncertainty or vagueness, or too much information to handle.
Artificial Intelligence is an area of computer science which is being ... Show more content on
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Security Aspects This expansion of AI–based systems and services is reaching all corners of the
globe. The growth of AI–empowered cyberattacks is required to cause a blast of system infiltrations,
individual information robberies, and a spread of insightful PC infections. Our best plan to
safeguard against AI–empowered hacking is by utilizing AI. AI systems are reforming practically
every part of budgetary and speculation basic leadership. Money firms worldwide are utilizing AI
systems to handle troublesome errands including instinctive judgment or requiring the identification
of information designs which leak orderly strategies. Machines need humans to provide them with
many examples. Other tasks that are very easy for humans are physical and manipulation tasks such
as walking, running, picking up an object no matter its shape and location. Robots can do this only
in restricted environments. The ability of AI systems to transform vast amounts of complex,
ambiguous information into insight has the potential to reveal long–held secrets and help solve some
of the world's most enduring problems. AI systems can potentially be used to help discover insights
to

Technology And Artificial Intelligence
A disruptive technology is a technology that that displaces an existing technology, thus shaking up
the industry, or it can also be a ground breaking technology that creates a completely new market.
Technology can be categorized into two different categories, one of which is a disruptive
technology, which lacks refinement, often has performance problems, because it is new it appeals to
a limited audience and may or may not yet have a proven practical application. On the other hand,
we also have sustaining technologies and these rely on steady improvements to an already existing
technology. A recent contemporary disruptive technology that has emerged is that of robots and
artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is intelligence exhibited by machines. In computer
science terms it artificial intelligence can be interpreted as any device that perceives its environment
and takes an action that maximizes its chance of success at some specific goal. Consequently, the
term artificial intelligence is applied when a machine is able to accomplish cognitive functions that
humans associate with human skill such as learning and problem solving (Stuart et al). As computers
have become exceedingly faster and more efficient, artificial intelligence has also rose to the
forefront and is being implemented in technologies varying from autonomous cars to chess games
and is increasingly becoming "smarter" as time progresses (Stuart et al). Artificial intelligence is a
disruptive

A Summary Of Artificial Intelligence
Summary Artificial intelligence and robotics are growing to become increasingly influential in our
society. With new technology always comes new concerns however, with this particular technology,
there are much greater concerns than any event in history. Artificial intelligence has presented
dangers such as a loss of employment across all job spectrums, an exponentially increased wage gap
in which there are a select few who hold the majority of the wealth and the rest are impoverished,
and the mere fact that the magnitude of knowledge that would be acquired in incomprehensible to
humans. The main reason AI is so threatening is its ability to teach itself to improve, this is known
as machine learning. Through all the contrasting arguments on the implications of these new
technologies, one common fact can be agreed on by supporters and resisters alike: artificial
intelligence in inevitable, it is coming, no one truly knows when and how but the fact remains that,
eventually, artificial intelligence will be integrated with society as we know it. Loss of Employment
The main argument that is commonly made concerning the repercussions of Artificial Intelligence is
that it will aggressively limit the amount of jobs available to humans. This is no new story.
Machines have been slowly replacing human labor in assembly lines around the world due to the
increased efficiency and lower cost of mechanical labor. The weight of this threat is largely due to
the fact that, for the first time

Artificial Intelligence : The Threat Of Artificial...
Artificial intelligence, the intelligence displayed by machines, has been a major topic discussed by
the general public. Although we already make use of it today, some are against its future
advancement. They fear that it will cause unemployment, bias towards races, and that it will
eventually turn against humanity. On the other hand, some people are for the advancement of AI.
They believe that it will help with energy savings,emergency management, and a company's time
saving. The most discussed threat of artificial intelligence is unemployment. Machines are able to do
almost every task that humans can do, which brings workers to wonder what will be left for them to
do. Companies have already began to embrace the use of AI, thus firing their workers. Fukoku
Mutual Life Insurance in Japan replaced thirty–four of its workers with a system that can calculate
payouts on policyholders (Barnett par. 4). This may seem like a small number, but it will soon
increase as other companies adopt the AI system. Putting people out of a job does not concern a
company when the financial gain is evident. The AI still needs maintenance, but computers do not
expect to receive a paycheck at the end of every month. For example, Fukoku Mutual Life Insurance
paid £1.4m for their system, but "the company's experts say that it would be saving £1m yearly"
(Barnett par. 5). The long–term profit is still captivating to the company, which leads them to fire
their employees. Furthermore, Vardi, a

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence I have read Patrick Marshall's "Artificial Intelligence: Can 'smart' machines
replace humans?" The article discusses the effect of AI on employment, war and human control, and
whether or not it can simulate human intelligence. It gives a background on how AI started, how the
military uses it, and how it is used in everyday civilian life. Two significant points are stated by the
author. First, AI has yet to be imbued with accurate human–like nature. Second, the military has
started using AI and robotics to help reduce the number of human soldiers lost in wars. I believe AI
has made great strides since it was created and development should continue to advance the state of
the net. Although, there are consequences to every good idea. The first signs of AI appeared in the
50s after Konrad Zuse invented the first programmable computer. At a conference in Dartmouth,
scientists decided to research how they could bring every type of learning into an advanced state so
that a machine can emulate it. The first robotic produced was a mobile robot called Shakey. When a
recession hit in the 70s, funding for AI projects was cut short. In the 90s AI research skyrocketed as
new software was developed and AI became smarter. Despite the military use of AI, there are many
around us in everyday life. Banks use AI to help find fraud credit cards. Security companies are
using it to identify facial features and spot criminal activity. Several car companies now use AI on

Artificial Intelligence Frankenstein
Yu Que Professor Michael Rectenwald Science, Technology and Society July 2015 Sense and
Sensibility of Artificial Intelligence: Introduction When Machines Can Love Michael Artificial
intelligence (AI) is one of the most breath–taking topics in science and technology fields today.
While the time frame of its real emergence has long been the focus of debates, the moral concern of
such a practice is a more urgent question for the human race to answer. Authors and pundits from
Mary Shelley in 1818 to Stephen Spielberg in 2001 have expressed their views on this problem
already. British computer scientist Alan Turing was asked the question "can machines think?" half a
decade ago, after which he developed the Turing test as a means ... Show more content on
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However, emotions obtained by such an empirical method can be negative and therefore can pose a
threat to mankind. Here comes the challenge – is there a way to endow artificial intelligence with an
individual right to develop its own emotions, but without threatening the existence of the human
Michael Rectenwald 7/30/2015 3:49 PM Michael Rectenwald 7/30/2015 3:49 PM race? In the later
sections, I will try to shed some light on the questions raised above from a more scientific
perspective. Michael Rectenwald 7/30/2015 3:49 PM 3. Current Developments in the Field Human
beings tend to involve emotions into their decision–making process. Recent studies have shown that
advanced artificial intelligence can actually do the same. Multi–agents system (MAS) is a system in
which more than one intelligent agent can work together to achieve a collective goal. In such
systems, the cooperation and negotiation within machines have been observed. Therefore, it is not
Michael Rectenwald 7/30/2015 3:49 PM 5 The Blue Fairy is a character in the fairy tale Pinocchio.
Her magic successfully transforms Pinocchio, the puppet, into a human boy. Field available for
additional information in

Advantages Of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence is giving us everything we could ever want, at the same time stealing
everything we really need. Over the past few years, artificial intelligence has proven it existence
vital in our daily lives i.e. makes our lives much easier by performing complex operations at the
same time it reduces our life span, hence it encourages laziness. Artificial intelligence What is
Artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence refers to the worldliness and productiveness of non–
human machines (reference). Such as computers, robots and software's which can be able to perform
tasks that can be performed by human kind by much more faster and productive than human beings.
Advantages of Artificial intelligence: Productivity Artificial ... Show more content on
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In terms of predicting what a user I mostly likely to type in his/her phone or computer and at the
same time correcting those spelling mistakes. Software's like Siri that can assist you, Google maps
that gives car users the best alternative way of travelling as well as traffic and estimating the
approximate time of arriving to your destination. Applications on smart phones or tablets that can
measure the heart rate and health of a person are also an example of AI. Disadvantages of artificial
intelligence: Loss of job opportunities Machines increases an unemployment rate in our country as it
already is. Machines perform task far better than us as human beings. So they take out our jobs and
we as human beings we will feel useless and if they are no jobs, people will turn into violence. This
can lead us to damage of properties, health problems, such as being obsess. People will no longer
see the reason of them getting educated, because they are machines who can almost imitate what we
can do. Misuse If technology falls at the wrong hands, the entire universe can suffer in various ways.
Hackers (black hat hackers) can make use of this machines to perform theft such as fraud in banks,
providing you with false information in order to get your personal details, such as account numbers,
banks status or identity

Dualism and Artificial Intelligence
Mind–body dualism is usually seen as the central issue in philosophy of the mind. The problem with
mind–body dualism is that it is unknown whether the mind really is a separate entity from the
human body as Descartes states in his argument, or whether the mind is the brain itself. Descartes
believed that in a person existed two major components, the physical body and the nonphysical body
which was called the mind or soul. As a scientist, Descartes believed in mechanical theories of
matter, however, he was also very religious and did not believe people could merely be mechanical
creatures that ran like "clockwork." And so, it was Descartes who argued that the mind directed
thoughts. To account for this, he split the world into two parts, ... Show more content on
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Turing, a physicalist, believed that artificial intelligence could be achieved in the future. Turing
argued that the mind was merely due to the physical aspects of the brain and so a machine could one
day be created that has a mind of its own, i.e. artificial intelligence. He created a test called the
Turing Test to determine whether a machine has artificial intelligence. In the Turing Test, an
interrogator asks two subjects a series of questions. One of the subjects is a person, the other is the
computer. The goal is for the person to imitate a computer and the computer to imitate the person. If
the interrogator is fooled into thinking that the computer is the human then the computer, according
to Turing, is concluded to have the ability to think and thus, have a mind. Turing argued that
machines passing the Turing Test were sufficient for ascribing thought. There were those who did
not agree with Turing's belief that computers would one day pass the Turing Test or that artificial
intelligence could be created. A philosopher by the name of Lady Lovlace challenged Turing's
theory. She argued that machines could never learn and adapt and so nothing creative could ever
come from a machine. She claimed that machines

The Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence

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