This document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI) including definitions, goals, branches, and applications. It defines AI as computers with the ability to mimic human intelligence through learning from experience and handling complex problems. The main goals of AI are to better understand human intelligence by writing programs that emulate it and to create useful programs to do tasks normally requiring human experts. Branches of AI discussed include vision systems, learning systems, robotics, expert systems, and neural networks. The document also outlines some present and future aspects of AI as well as ethics and risks.

1. N. VIJAYALAKSHMI
Department of MCA
C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engeering & Technology

2. INTRODUCTION OF AI:
 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
 Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain
 INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOUR
 Learn from experience
 Apply knowledge acquired
from experience
 Handle complex situations
 Solve problems when important
information is missing
 Determine what is important
 React quickly and correctly to a new situation
 Understand visual images
 Process and manipulate symbols
 Be creative and imaginative
 Use heuristics

3. DEFINITION:
☻“Artificial Intelligence is a branch of science which
deals with helping machines find solutions to complex
problems in a more human-like fashion”.
☻It generally involves Borrowing characteristics from
human intelligence, and applying them as algorithms in a
Computer friendly way
☻AI is generally associated with Computer Science, but it
has many important links with other fields such a Maths,
Psychology, Cognition, Biology and Philosophy, among
many others.

4. Contd…
Four possible definitions of AI
SYSTEMS THAT THINK LIKE HUMANS
 Turing (1950) Computing machinery and intelligence
SYSTEMS THAT ACT LIKE HUMANS
 1960s cognitive revolution": information-processing psychology replaced
prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism
SYSTEMS THAT THINK RATIONALLY
 Normative (or prescriptive) rather than descriptive
SYSTEMS THAT ACT RATIONALLY
 Rational behavior: doing the right thing
 The right thing: that which is expected to maximize goal achievement, given
the available information

5. The History of
Artificial Intelligence
Timeline of major AI events

6. GOALS OF AI:
Two main goals of AI:
To understand human intelligence better.
We test theories of human intelligence by
writing programs which emulate it.
To create useful “smart” programs able to
do tasks that would normally require a
human expert.

7. BRANCHES OF AI :
Artificial
intelligence
Vision Learning
systems systems
Robotics
Expert systems
Neural networks
Natural language
processing

8. PARENT DISCIPLINES & APPLICATION AREAS OF AI

9. The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In
The Computer Game Industry
Board games (Chess, Go)
Strategy games (Civilization / Age of Empires)
Camera control in 3D games
Simulation games (The Sims, Sim City)
Racing games

10. COMPONENTS
Animation Movement Behavior
Responsible for Responsible for Responsible for
controlling NPC controlling NPC controlling NPC
body navigation decision making

11. ADVANTAGES
Frequent work. Artificial intelligence would not need any sleep. This
would be an advantage because it would not be interrupted from its
tasks for sleep, as well as other issues that plague biological minds
like restroom breaks and eating.
Unemotional consideration of problems. While an artificial mind
could theoretically have emotions, it would be better for performance
if it were programmed for unemotional reasoning. When people
make decisions, sometimes those decisions are based on emotion
rather than logic. This is not always the best way to make decisions.
Easier copying. Once an artificial mind is trained in a task, that mind
can then be copied very easily, compared to the training of multiple
people for the same task.

12. DISADVANTAGES
 Self-modifying, when combined with self-replicating,
can lead to dangerous, unexpected results, such as a
new and frequently mutating computer virus.
 As computers get faster and more numerous, the
possibility of randomly creating an artificial
intelligence becomes real.
 Military robots may make it possible for a country to
indiscriminately attack less-advanced countries with
few, if any, human casualties.
 Rapid advances in AI could mean massive structural
unemployment
 AI utilizing non-transparent learning (i.e. neural
networks) is never completely predictable

13. PRESENT ASPECTS OF AI
Hospitals
Economy
Education
Heavy Industries and Space
Finance
Computer Science
Aviation
Weather Forecast
Swarm Intelligence

14. FUTURE ASPECTS OF AI
►In the year 2010, AI applications emerged. It is believed that
AI computers will be prominently used in the field of
education.
►Many experts say that AI will be seen in every home in the
future.
►AI ignited a lot of experiments and research in other
scientific areas, and most commonly used in logic and
neurology.
►A lot of experts say that there is a need for man to create
new robots.
►Development of AI, is important to keep an eye on the
science of AI because of its future effects on our economy
and our society, including man’s very own existence.

15. Ethics And Risks Of AI
- People might lose their jobs to automation.
 + So far automation (via AI technology) has created more jobs
and wealth than it has eliminated.
- People might have too much (or too little) leisure time
 + AI frees us from boring routine jobs and leaves more time for
pretentious and creative things.
- People might lose their sense of being unique.
 + We mastered similar degradations in the past
(Galileo, Darwin, physical strength)
 + We will not feel so lonely anymore (cf. SETI)
- People might lose some of their privacy rights.
- The use of AI systems might result in a loss of accountability.

16. CONCLUSION:
“FOOLS GOLD SEEMS TO BE GOLD, BUT IT ISN’T”
Is artificial Intelligence really possible? Can an intelligence
like a human mind surpass itself and create its own image?
The depth and the powers of the human mind are just
being tapped. Who knows, it might be possible, only time
can tell! Even if such an intelligence is created, will it share
our sense of morals and justice, will it share our
idiosyncrasies? This will be the next step in the evolution of
intelligence.

17. Your questions are welcome!