The document discusses the discussion method of teaching. It defines discussion as a two-way communication between participants that allows for a more active learning experience than lectures. The purposes of discussion are to help students understand material, engage with course concepts, and learn from each other. Discussion can develop critical thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving skills. Key aspects of effective discussions are ensuring participation, allowing criticism and student-led dialogue, with the teacher as a guide.

1. Discussion Method

2. Discussion
The word ‘discuss’ has been derived from the Latin
root ‘discutere’, which means to shake or strike.
Thus ‘discussion’ refers to thoroughly shaking up
the subject, that is, examining it thoroughly to
reach a conclusion.
A discussion is an activity of sitting and talking
about a specific subject.

3. Discussion Method
A discussion method is the means by which people
share experiences, ideas and attitudes.
Discussion method enable to engage in an orderly
verbal interchange and to express thoughts on a
particular subject.

4. Discussion Method cont…
Discussion involves two-way communication
between participants.
In the classroom situation a teacher and students all
participate in discussion.
During discussion, the teacher spends some time
listening while the students spend sometimes
talking.
The discussion is, therefore, a more active
learning experience for the students than the
lecture.

5. DEFINITION
Amethod of teaching where teacher and students
actively partake in the learning process.
It is a primary teaching method allows you establish
your rapport with yours students.
The action or process of taking about something in
order to reach a decision or to exchange ideas:
Oxford Dictionary

6. PURPOSE OF DISCUSSION
The purposes of discussion are:
Help students understand what they are reading and
discussing.
Engage students in myths from around the world.
Engage students in course material and resources in order
to develop their understanding of the significance,
importance, relevance and value of myth both historically
and for our current culture.
Provides students opportunities to learn from each other.

7. USES OF
DISCUSSSION
Uses of discussion include the following:
Discussion technique can be used to achieve learning
objectives.
Discussion can help nursing student gain skills in
applying the nursing process.
Learn to solve problems efficiently with minimal
wasting of time and resources.
In the acquisition of communication skills.
Discussion is also an avenue for attitude change.

8. CONT
 Decision making skills can be fostered via discussion.
 Discussion technique can be applied to the learning
of psychomotor skills in a college laboratory using
mannequins; they are involved in a patient care.
 Used to evaluate the student learning
and competence.

9. CHARACTERISTICS OF
DISCUSSION
Agood discussion will:
1:Experiential Learning
We learn best when we are actively involved in the
learning process.
Using the discussion method a student concrete, personal
experience are followed by observation, reflection and
analysis of these experience.
2:Emphasis On Student:
Student’s experiences serve as the basis for the discussion.
Although the teacher must have a specific goal in mind and
a general framework for reaching the goal, students takes
determines the specific direction the discussion takes.

10. CONT
3:Focus On CriticalThinking:
Developing critical thinking skills involves consideration
of three areas: instructional design, a focus on learning by
doing and strategicteaching.
Discussion is used to synthesize cognitive, psychomotor
and or affective content in the analysis and solution of real
life problems.
Discussion provide opportunities for practice of problem
solving and decision making as well as psycho-motor and
interactive skills, within a controlled, low risk setting.

11. Characteristics Discussion Method
 Ensure maximum participation.
 Students have the opportunity to criticize
and evaluate.
 Logical and meaningful criticism should
be accepted.
 Students should anchor the discussion
themselves.
 Keeping teachers as guide.
 Teacher selects the topic only with the help
of students.

12. Characteristics Cont…
 Teacher divides the class in to different groups
and gives the topic of the discussion to each
group.
 Every group has a leader to anchor and
conduct the discussion.
 Students who have leadership quality should
be selected for anchoring.
 Relevant topic should only be considered.
 In the end, teacher draws the conclusion of
the discussion with the help of leaders.

13. Types of discussion Method
Discussion method includes
1. Small group discussion technique
2. Socialized classroom discussion technique
3. Panel discussion technique

14. Small group discussion method

15. Socialized classroom discussion technique

16. Panel discussion method
4-8 qualified person discuss a given topic

17. Appropriate use of discussion method
 Discussion method is used in areas in which
students already have some knowledge or
experience, discussion may be used to develop
the main points to be covered in a lesson
 Students can draw on their experience
to contribute to the discussion.
 All subject except mathematics, art, music,
dance can be taught.
 Discussion may also be used, following a lecture
or demonstration, to help trainees apply what
they have learned.

18. Advantages of Discussion Methods
Discussion method can develop following abilities
among students
Thinking and communicating powers
Leadership quality
Expression ability
Problem solving ability
Creativity
Motivation and confidence
In short higher level cognitive and affective
objectives can be realized through discussion
method.

19. ADVANTAGES
Advantages of discussion includes the following:-
 Gives learners opportunity to apply principal, concepts,
and theories.
 Clarification of information andconcepts.
 Enhance learning in both the affective and cognitive
domains.
 Is both learners centred and subject centred.
 Stimulated learners to think about issues and problems.
 Encourage learners to exchange their own experience,
thereby making learning more active and less
isolating.
 Provides the opportunity for shearing of ideas and
concerns.

20. Disadvantages of Discussion Method
There is a chance that only a few students may dominate
the whole discussion.
It is possible that discussion is initiated on those aspects of
the problem with which few prominent students of the class
are concerned.
It is time consuming.
Not adaptable to all teaching-learning situations.
If it is not properly guided, a discussion can degenerate into
a consideration of inappropriate topics adding confusion
rather than clarification to the lesson.

21. DISADVANTAGES
It is effective only to a small group.
One member of the group can dominate the discussion.
Easy to digress from the topic.
Shy learners may refuse to become involved or may need a
great deal of encouragement to participate.
More time consuming for the transmission of information
than other methods such as lectures.
Requires the teacher’s presence at all sessions to act as a
facilitator andresource person

22. Planning for discussion method
Discussion sessions can be led by the instructor, or can
take place in groups. In either case, the goal is to meet
the lesson objectives by allowing the students to:-
 Relate relevant personal experiences or events which have occurred
in the work setting.
 Contribute ideas or personal opinions.
 Apply what has been learned to familiar situations or solving
problems.
 Express what had been learned.
Whether the discussion is instructor led or takes place in
groups it must be guided by the instructor. It must be
focused on the objectives of the lesson: it is the
instructors responsibility to see that the objectives are
met.

23. PRINCIPLES OF DISCUSSION
Listen the person who is speaking.
Only one person can speak at a time.
Raise your hands to be recognized if you want to say
something.
Don’t interrupt when someone is speaking.
When you disagree with someone, make sure that you
make a difference between criticizing someone’s ideas
and criticizing the person.
Don’t laugh when someone is speaking.
Encourage everyone toparticipate.

24. STEPS OF
DISCUSSION
The following procedural steps in discussion:
Decide the topic and scope of your discussion.
Narrow it down.
Pick a startingquestion.
Be prepared.
Make arguments.
Move from the known to the unknown.
Manage personalities
Summarize as you go.
Tie it alltogether.

25. PRINCIPLES
Listen the person who is speaking.
Only one person can speak at a time.
Raise your hands to be recognized if you want to say
something.
Don’t interrupt when someone is speaking.
When you disagree with someone, make sure that
you make a difference between criticizing someone’s
ideas and criticizing the person.
Don’t laugh when someone is speaking.
Encourage everyone toparticipate.