Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by excessive autoantibody production leading to tissue damage. It has a wide variety of clinical manifestations that can affect many different organ systems. Some key points:
- SLE predominantly affects women of childbearing age and has a strong genetic component. Certain genetic and environmental factors can increase risk.
- Clinical features include skin rashes, arthritis, kidney involvement ranging from mild proteinuria to severe nephritis, neurological/psychiatric symptoms, hematological abnormalities and involvement of other organs.
- Diagnosis is based on identifying a combination of clinical and laboratory criteria including high titers of antinu
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs in the body. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, rashes, and kidney problems. It is caused by genetic and environmental factors that lead to abnormal immune responses against the body's own tissues. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical features along with blood tests to detect autoantibodies. Treatment depends on the specific organs involved but may include medications to suppress the immune system.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. Key signs and symptoms include malar rash, arthritis, oral ulcers, photosensitivity, serositis, renal disease, and hematological abnormalities. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical criteria along with identifying autoantibodies. Treatment aims to induce remission during flares using glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants to prevent organ damage.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs in the body. It is more common in women, especially of childbearing age, and in African Americans. The disease is characterized by autoantibody production and tissue damage caused by immune complexes. Diagnosis is based on meeting criteria from the SLICC classification system, which improved upon previous criteria. Organ manifestations include renal, neurological, cardiac, pulmonary, hematological and cutaneous involvement. Management aims to suppress symptoms and prevent organ damage through medications like glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants and biologics. The goal is complete remission though sustained remission is rare
This patient has longstanding SLE with quiescent disease activity currently. She has a history of fetal loss and blood clots while pregnant previously. She is seeking contraceptive options other than barrier methods. Given her history of APL antibodies and blood clots, progesterone-only contraceptives like the progesterone IUD or depot medroxyprogesterone would be safest options to avoid estrogen which could increase her risk for further clotting issues.
The document discusses autoimmune disorders and rheumatoid arthritis. It notes that autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self, attacking the body's own tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that commonly affects peripheral joints, causing destruction of cartilage and bone. Symptoms include joint pain and weakness. While there is no cure, treatment aims to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It is more prevalent in women and African Americans. Common initial symptoms include fatigue, fever, and weight loss. SLE can cause skin rashes, arthritis, serositis, renal disease, and neurological or hematological abnormalities. Treatment involves managing symptoms with NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs. Prognosis depends on organ involvement, with renal disease and CNS involvement carrying the worst outcomes.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by excessive autoantibody production leading to tissue damage. It has a wide variety of clinical manifestations that can affect many different organ systems. Some key points:
- SLE predominantly affects women of childbearing age and has a strong genetic component. Certain genetic and environmental factors can increase risk.
- Clinical features include skin rashes, arthritis, kidney involvement ranging from mild proteinuria to severe nephritis, neurological/psychiatric symptoms, hematological abnormalities and involvement of other organs.
- Diagnosis is based on identifying a combination of clinical and laboratory criteria including high titers of antinu
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs in the body. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, rashes, and kidney problems. It is caused by genetic and environmental factors that lead to abnormal immune responses against the body's own tissues. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical features along with blood tests to detect autoantibodies. Treatment depends on the specific organs involved but may include medications to suppress the immune system.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. Key signs and symptoms include malar rash, arthritis, oral ulcers, photosensitivity, serositis, renal disease, and hematological abnormalities. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical criteria along with identifying autoantibodies. Treatment aims to induce remission during flares using glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants to prevent organ damage.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various organs in the body. It is more common in women, especially of childbearing age, and in African Americans. The disease is characterized by autoantibody production and tissue damage caused by immune complexes. Diagnosis is based on meeting criteria from the SLICC classification system, which improved upon previous criteria. Organ manifestations include renal, neurological, cardiac, pulmonary, hematological and cutaneous involvement. Management aims to suppress symptoms and prevent organ damage through medications like glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants and biologics. The goal is complete remission though sustained remission is rare
This patient has longstanding SLE with quiescent disease activity currently. She has a history of fetal loss and blood clots while pregnant previously. She is seeking contraceptive options other than barrier methods. Given her history of APL antibodies and blood clots, progesterone-only contraceptives like the progesterone IUD or depot medroxyprogesterone would be safest options to avoid estrogen which could increase her risk for further clotting issues.
The document discusses autoimmune disorders and rheumatoid arthritis. It notes that autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self, attacking the body's own tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that commonly affects peripheral joints, causing destruction of cartilage and bone. Symptoms include joint pain and weakness. While there is no cure, treatment aims to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It is more prevalent in women and African Americans. Common initial symptoms include fatigue, fever, and weight loss. SLE can cause skin rashes, arthritis, serositis, renal disease, and neurological or hematological abnormalities. Treatment involves managing symptoms with NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs. Prognosis depends on organ involvement, with renal disease and CNS involvement carrying the worst outcomes.
The document provides information about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus). It describes lupus as an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and organ involvement. While the cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors likely play a role. Diagnosis involves blood tests, urine tests, and ruling out other potential conditions. Treatment options aim to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system, and may include NSAIDs, antimalarial drugs, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants.
This document provides information about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It defines SLE as a multi-system autoimmune disease affecting various organs mediated by autoantibodies and immune complexes. The causes are unknown but may involve genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. SLE can affect many organ systems like the kidneys, lungs, heart, and nervous system, causing a variety of clinical manifestations. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, medical history, physical exam, and laboratory tests. Treatment depends on disease severity and organ involvement, and may include medications like NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and cytotoxic drugs. Special considerations are given to SLE in pregnancy and neonates.
Investigation of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle)Nuramalina Yahaya
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that can affect nearly every organ system. Standard laboratory tests for SLE include a complete blood count to check for issues like leukopenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Tests also measure serum creatinine, look for proteinuria and red or white blood cell casts in urinalysis. Other useful laboratory tests include measuring ESR or CRP, complement levels (C3 and C4 may decrease during active SLE), liver function, creatine kinase, and the spot protein to creatinine ratio in urine.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It typically affects young women and is characterized by periods of disease flares and remissions. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors likely contribute to abnormal immune system functioning and production of autoantibodies. Common clinical manifestations include malar rash, arthritis, kidney problems, and hematological abnormalities. Diagnosis involves identifying clinical features and detecting autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies. With proper management, 10-year survival rates are over 90%.
This document provides an overview of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It discusses the definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, management, and complications of SLE. The pathogenesis involves genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers leading to abnormal immune responses and autoantibody production. Diagnosis is based on the SLICC classification criteria. Management involves controlling symptoms, preventing organ damage, and treating flares and complications using medications like glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants, and biologics. Life-threatening complications can include renal disease, neurological involvement, hematological abnormalities and vasculitis.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in tissues throughout the body. The name comes from a 13th century physician who observed facial lesions resembling a wolf bite. Diagnosis is based on criteria developed by the American College of Rheumatology including malar rash, discoid lesions, arthritis, serositis, renal disease, and immunologic abnormalities. Treatment involves hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants like azathioprine. Lupus nephritis requires aggressive therapy with glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil. Treatment goals are complete or partial renal response through reduction
Pathogenesis systemic lupus erythematosus by dr bashir ahmed dar associate pr...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of autoimmune etiology, occurring predominantly in young women. Common manifestations may include arthralgias and arthritis; malar and other skin rashes; pleuritis or pericarditis; renal or CNS involvement; and hematologic cytopenias.
Dermatomyositis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin and muscles that is characterized by an autoimmune pathogenesis. It commonly presents with characteristic rashes like Gottron's papules and heliotrope rash as well as proximal muscle weakness. Dermatomyositis can also involve internal organs like the lungs, esophagus and heart. Diagnosis involves assessing clinical features, muscle enzymes, electromyography, muscle/skin biopsies and identifying myositis-specific antibodies. Prognosis depends on the severity and organ involvement, with risks of residual weakness, contractures and death from respiratory or cardiac complications.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It is more common in women and typically presents in the 2nd to 3rd decade of life. SLE results from a loss of self-tolerance by the immune system and is characterized by autoantibody production and immune complex-mediated tissue damage. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria involving symptoms in organs like the skin, joints, kidneys, and heart. Treatment involves managing symptoms with medications like corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressants. Prognosis has improved in recent decades but SLE can still lead to organ damage or failure if not properly treated.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. It most commonly affects women under age 40 and can involve the skin, joints, kidneys, brain and other organs. Symptoms vary but often include joint pain, rash, and fatigue. There is no cure for SLE but treatment aims to control symptoms, which may include medications like hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids. Prognosis has improved in recent years though long-term treatment is usually required to manage the disease.
This document discusses vasculitis, which is an inflammatory destruction of blood vessels. It can affect all ages but some types are restricted to certain groups. It has both genetic and environmental components. Symptoms vary depending on the size of vessels involved and can include fatigue, rashes, nerve problems, and organ damage. Diagnosis involves clinical features, lab tests, and sometimes biopsies. Treatment is usually with steroids and other immunosuppressants to induce and maintain remission. Complications can be serious if not treated properly.
White Blood Cell Disorders can affect neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells. Neutropenia is classified by severity based on absolute neutrophil count and risk of infection. Causes include acquired conditions like drugs/infections or congenital disorders. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a broad condition caused by primary or secondary eosinophilia leading to tissue damage. Diagnosis involves ruling out secondary causes and identifying organ involvement. Treatment depends on etiology and includes steroids, hydroxyurea, interferon-alpha, imatinib or anti-IL-5 antibodies.
Dermatomyositis (DM) is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by a distinctive rash that often precedes progressive symmetric muscle weakness. The rash may involve areas of the face, eyelids, knuckles, shoulders, and back. Muscle biopsy is required to confirm diagnosis and shows inflammation around blood vessels in the muscle tissue. Treatment involves immunosuppressive drugs like glucocorticoids to improve muscle strength and function. Prognosis is generally good with most patients improving on therapy, though relapses can occur.
This document discusses fever of unknown origin (FUO). It begins by classifying FUO into categories like classical FUO and nosocomial FUO. It then discusses the epidemiology and common etiologies of FUO, which include infections, collagen vascular diseases, and malignancies. The diagnostic approach involves a thorough history, repeated physical exams, and diagnostic testing like blood tests, imaging, and biopsies. Empirical therapeutic drug trials can help diagnose certain conditions but have limitations. The prognosis depends on the underlying cause, with poorer outcomes seen in elderly patients or those with neoplasms or diagnostic delays.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease most common in women of childbearing age. It can affect multiple organ systems. Common manifestations include fatigue, arthritis, rashes, hematologic abnormalities, and kidney involvement. The diagnosis is based on clinical features and autoantibodies. Treatment involves medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system such as antimalarials, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants. Lupus nephritis requires aggressive therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants like cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil. Research is ongoing into more targeted biologic therapies.
this research is made by a dental student (me) under supervision of our oral medicine specialist dr. muhassad almudhafer and this research is collected from several articles hope u like it
this my email if u would like to contact me - mnmmnz4503.mm@gmail.com
This patient has a history of recurrent deep vein thrombosis and pregnancy losses. She presents with right calf swelling and tenderness and is found to have thrombocytopenia and a prolonged PTT. Testing reveals a positive lupus anticoagulant on two occasions more than 12 weeks apart, meeting criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome which can present as recurrent thrombosis.
The document provides information about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (lupus). It describes lupus as an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues. Common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, skin rashes, and organ involvement. While the cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors likely play a role. Diagnosis involves blood tests, urine tests, and ruling out other potential conditions. Treatment options aim to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system, and may include NSAIDs, antimalarial drugs, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants.
This document provides information about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It defines SLE as a multi-system autoimmune disease affecting various organs mediated by autoantibodies and immune complexes. The causes are unknown but may involve genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. SLE can affect many organ systems like the kidneys, lungs, heart, and nervous system, causing a variety of clinical manifestations. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, medical history, physical exam, and laboratory tests. Treatment depends on disease severity and organ involvement, and may include medications like NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and cytotoxic drugs. Special considerations are given to SLE in pregnancy and neonates.
Investigation of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle)Nuramalina Yahaya
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that can affect nearly every organ system. Standard laboratory tests for SLE include a complete blood count to check for issues like leukopenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Tests also measure serum creatinine, look for proteinuria and red or white blood cell casts in urinalysis. Other useful laboratory tests include measuring ESR or CRP, complement levels (C3 and C4 may decrease during active SLE), liver function, creatine kinase, and the spot protein to creatinine ratio in urine.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It typically affects young women and is characterized by periods of disease flares and remissions. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors likely contribute to abnormal immune system functioning and production of autoantibodies. Common clinical manifestations include malar rash, arthritis, kidney problems, and hematological abnormalities. Diagnosis involves identifying clinical features and detecting autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies. With proper management, 10-year survival rates are over 90%.
This document provides an overview of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It discusses the definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, management, and complications of SLE. The pathogenesis involves genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers leading to abnormal immune responses and autoantibody production. Diagnosis is based on the SLICC classification criteria. Management involves controlling symptoms, preventing organ damage, and treating flares and complications using medications like glucocorticoids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants, and biologics. Life-threatening complications can include renal disease, neurological involvement, hematological abnormalities and vasculitis.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in tissues throughout the body. The name comes from a 13th century physician who observed facial lesions resembling a wolf bite. Diagnosis is based on criteria developed by the American College of Rheumatology including malar rash, discoid lesions, arthritis, serositis, renal disease, and immunologic abnormalities. Treatment involves hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants like azathioprine. Lupus nephritis requires aggressive therapy with glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil. Treatment goals are complete or partial renal response through reduction
Pathogenesis systemic lupus erythematosus by dr bashir ahmed dar associate pr...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of autoimmune etiology, occurring predominantly in young women. Common manifestations may include arthralgias and arthritis; malar and other skin rashes; pleuritis or pericarditis; renal or CNS involvement; and hematologic cytopenias.
Dermatomyositis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin and muscles that is characterized by an autoimmune pathogenesis. It commonly presents with characteristic rashes like Gottron's papules and heliotrope rash as well as proximal muscle weakness. Dermatomyositis can also involve internal organs like the lungs, esophagus and heart. Diagnosis involves assessing clinical features, muscle enzymes, electromyography, muscle/skin biopsies and identifying myositis-specific antibodies. Prognosis depends on the severity and organ involvement, with risks of residual weakness, contractures and death from respiratory or cardiac complications.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems. It is more common in women and typically presents in the 2nd to 3rd decade of life. SLE results from a loss of self-tolerance by the immune system and is characterized by autoantibody production and immune complex-mediated tissue damage. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria involving symptoms in organs like the skin, joints, kidneys, and heart. Treatment involves managing symptoms with medications like corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressants. Prognosis has improved in recent decades but SLE can still lead to organ damage or failure if not properly treated.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. It most commonly affects women under age 40 and can involve the skin, joints, kidneys, brain and other organs. Symptoms vary but often include joint pain, rash, and fatigue. There is no cure for SLE but treatment aims to control symptoms, which may include medications like hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids. Prognosis has improved in recent years though long-term treatment is usually required to manage the disease.
This document discusses vasculitis, which is an inflammatory destruction of blood vessels. It can affect all ages but some types are restricted to certain groups. It has both genetic and environmental components. Symptoms vary depending on the size of vessels involved and can include fatigue, rashes, nerve problems, and organ damage. Diagnosis involves clinical features, lab tests, and sometimes biopsies. Treatment is usually with steroids and other immunosuppressants to induce and maintain remission. Complications can be serious if not treated properly.
White Blood Cell Disorders can affect neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells. Neutropenia is classified by severity based on absolute neutrophil count and risk of infection. Causes include acquired conditions like drugs/infections or congenital disorders. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a broad condition caused by primary or secondary eosinophilia leading to tissue damage. Diagnosis involves ruling out secondary causes and identifying organ involvement. Treatment depends on etiology and includes steroids, hydroxyurea, interferon-alpha, imatinib or anti-IL-5 antibodies.
Dermatomyositis (DM) is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by a distinctive rash that often precedes progressive symmetric muscle weakness. The rash may involve areas of the face, eyelids, knuckles, shoulders, and back. Muscle biopsy is required to confirm diagnosis and shows inflammation around blood vessels in the muscle tissue. Treatment involves immunosuppressive drugs like glucocorticoids to improve muscle strength and function. Prognosis is generally good with most patients improving on therapy, though relapses can occur.
This document discusses fever of unknown origin (FUO). It begins by classifying FUO into categories like classical FUO and nosocomial FUO. It then discusses the epidemiology and common etiologies of FUO, which include infections, collagen vascular diseases, and malignancies. The diagnostic approach involves a thorough history, repeated physical exams, and diagnostic testing like blood tests, imaging, and biopsies. Empirical therapeutic drug trials can help diagnose certain conditions but have limitations. The prognosis depends on the underlying cause, with poorer outcomes seen in elderly patients or those with neoplasms or diagnostic delays.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease most common in women of childbearing age. It can affect multiple organ systems. Common manifestations include fatigue, arthritis, rashes, hematologic abnormalities, and kidney involvement. The diagnosis is based on clinical features and autoantibodies. Treatment involves medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system such as antimalarials, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants. Lupus nephritis requires aggressive therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants like cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil. Research is ongoing into more targeted biologic therapies.
this research is made by a dental student (me) under supervision of our oral medicine specialist dr. muhassad almudhafer and this research is collected from several articles hope u like it
this my email if u would like to contact me - mnmmnz4503.mm@gmail.com
This patient has a history of recurrent deep vein thrombosis and pregnancy losses. She presents with right calf swelling and tenderness and is found to have thrombocytopenia and a prolonged PTT. Testing reveals a positive lupus anticoagulant on two occasions more than 12 weeks apart, meeting criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome which can present as recurrent thrombosis.
A 40-year-old woman presented with a butterfly rash on her face, arthralgia, alopecia, and fatigue but no fever. The most likely diagnosis is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) given the clinical presentation of rash and joint pain. SLE is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple organ systems including skin, joints, brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Laboratory tests ordered would include CBC, ESR, CRP, autoantibodies such as ANA, anti-dsDNA, and complement levels. Initial treatment would include NSAIDs, antimalarial drugs, and short courses of oral corticosteroids depending on organ involvement
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of autoantibodies that can damage multiple organs. It predominantly affects women of childbearing age but can occur in children, with higher rates of renal involvement and other symptoms compared to adults. SLE is diagnosed based on clinical criteria including rashes, arthritis, serositis, and immunological abnormalities. Treatment involves controlling disease activity and organ damage through medications like corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, and immunosuppressants. Monitoring for worsening symptoms and lab abnormalities helps guide management of the disease.
systemic lupuse rythematosus by formation of autoantibodiesssuser45f282
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder characterized by formation of autoantibodies directed against self-antigens and immune-complex formation resulting in damage to essentially any organ.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can damage any part of the body. It is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that attack the body's cells and tissues. While SLE predominantly affects women of childbearing age, approximately 5% of cases are diagnosed in childhood, mainly during puberty. The disease involves inflammation and damage to skin, joints, lungs, kidneys and other organs. Diagnosis is based on evaluating clinical symptoms and lab tests for autoantibodies, with the goal of meeting certain established diagnostic criteria. The cause is unknown but is likely due to genetic, environmental and hormonal factors contributing to abnormal immune system function.
This document discusses systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also known as lupus. It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack the body's own tissues, causing inflammation. It predominantly affects women aged 12-45. The exact cause is unknown but genetic and environmental factors are involved. Symptoms can include joint and skin issues. Complications can impact the kidneys, brain, blood, lungs and heart. Diagnosis involves blood tests, urine tests, and imaging. Treatment includes medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system like NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. Management also involves lifestyle measures and developing a support system.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, causing inflammation in many organs. It predominantly affects women of childbearing age.
- SLE has a female to male ratio of 9:1. Common symptoms include arthritis, rashes, oral ulcers, and fatigue. Long-term complications can include kidney failure, heart disease, and neurological issues.
- Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect autoantibodies and complement levels. Treatment seeks to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system using medications like NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. Managing SLE requires a healthy
A 40-year-old woman presents with a butterfly rash on her face along with arthralgia, alopecia, and fatigue but no fever. The most likely diagnosis is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is a multi-system autoimmune disease that commonly involves the joints and skin and can also affect organs like the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys and more. Laboratory tests would include a complete blood count, serum chemistry, and autoantibody tests like ANA, anti-dsDNA, and anti-Sm. For mild cases, treatment would include topical corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and antimalarial drugs. Regular check-ups are advised to
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues. It has no known cause but genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors are believed to contribute. SLE is characterized by the formation of autoantibodies that cause inflammation in various organs. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and lab findings meeting criteria from the American College of Rheumatology or SLICC classification. Treatment involves corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, NSAIDs, and sun protection to control disease and prevent organ damage. Complications can include organ dysfunction if not properly managed. With current therapies, most patients live well into adulthood.
This document discusses lupus nephritis, a form of kidney involvement that can occur in up to 70% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. It provides guidelines for diagnosing and classifying lupus nephritis based on the presence of proteinuria, cellular casts in urine, and renal biopsy findings. Renal biopsy is important for classifying the type of glomerular inflammation and scarring according to the ISN/RPS classification system and for guiding treatment decisions. Left untreated, lupus nephritis can lead to end-stage renal disease.
SLE is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing inflammation and damage to organs like joints, skin, lungs, kidneys and blood vessels. It most often affects young women between 15-44 years old and occurs more frequently in African Americans, Asians and Hispanics compared to Caucasians. Symptoms vary between individuals but often include joint pain and swelling, rashes, fatigue, fever and organ involvement like lung issues or kidney problems. Diagnosis involves blood tests and physical exams looking for antibody levels and organ involvement. Treatment depends on severity but may include NSAIDs, steroids, immunosuppressants and other medications to reduce symptoms and organ damage.
The document provides an overview of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for medical students. It defines SLE, discusses its epidemiology and pathophysiology. It then describes the clinical presentation of SLE including cutaneous, musculoskeletal, serosal, renal, neurological, and hematological manifestations. It also covers investigations such as autoantibody tests and renal biopsy. Finally, it discusses lupus nephritis as a serious complication of SLE. The document aims to ensure students understand the definition, clinical picture, classification criteria, investigations, prognosis, complications and treatment approaches for SLE.
an overview of Lupus for journalist
Lupus has a wide spectrum of manifestation. Some mild but in most cases it has a high impact of life and quality of life
This document provides an overview of lupus, a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and tissues. It discusses the epidemiology of lupus, noting it primarily affects women and is more common in certain ethnic groups. The pathogenesis involves a genetic predisposition interacting with environmental triggers that result in an abnormal immune response attacking the body's own tissues. Symptoms and organ involvement can vary widely between patients. Diagnosis is based on meeting several criteria that may include rashes, arthritis, kidney disease, neurological issues, and positive antibody tests. Treatment depends on disease severity and organ involvement, ranging from lifestyle changes to immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids. Lupus nephritis, or kidney involvement,
Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) is a disease of the immune system. Normally, the immune system protects the body from infection. However, in lupus, the immune system inappropriately attacks tissues in various parts of the body. This abnormal activity of the immune system leads to tissue damage and illness.To know more visit here: www.lazoi.com
This 23-year-old woman presented with seizures, headaches, weight loss, hair loss, joint pains, and night sweats. On examination, she had a thin scalp with patchy hair loss, numerous lymph nodes, fever, tachycardia, and high blood pressure. Laboratory tests showed anemia, low white blood cell and platelet counts, high sedimentation rate, proteinuria, and red blood cells in her urine. The likely diagnosis is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on her symptoms and laboratory abnormalities. Further immunological testing including ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies would help confirm the diagnosis of SLE. She requires admission for treatment and management of her organ-threatening l
This document discusses systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues and organs. It causes inflammation and damage to many different body systems. SLE is more common in women and typically presents between ages 15-25. Symptoms can include rashes, joint pain, fatigue, and organ involvement. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, signs, and antibody tests. Treatments include medications like NSAIDs, antimalarials, steroids, and immunosuppressants to reduce symptoms and prevent organ damage. Complications can affect many organs but most commonly involve the kidneys, heart, and lungs. With treatment, 5-year survival rates are over 85%.
Similar to Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (20)
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Attention Defect Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)Arwa H. Al-Onayzan
ADHD is diagnosed through clinical history, examination, and sometimes investigations. It is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Treatment includes non-pharmacological options like behavior management as well as pharmacological options like stimulant medications which are the first-line treatment.
# Measurement of head circumference:
Clinical importance.
Causes of abnormal measurement.
How to measure.
Different types of charts for this measurement.
How to plot on paper charts.
This presentation describes the total and partial intestinal atresia, its clinical features and diagnosis. in addition, this presentation include the definition of esophageal atresia, its classification, diagnosis and treatment.
This presentation involves the causes of acute abdominal pain in the adult as well as in the child and it explains the pathophysiology of the abdominal pain.
This document discusses the case of Amira, a 60-year-old woman diagnosed with stage IIIa cervical cancer. It describes her agreed upon treatment of intensive chemo-radiation therapy. It identifies the medical disciplines involved in her cancer care, including oncologists, radiologists, gynecologists, and more. It also outlines the roles of paramedical staff like nurses and social workers. Finally, it states that a case manager, often a nurse, should coordinate her care throughout diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.
This patient presented with multiple abrasions and a large bleeding wound on his left thigh after falling 9 meters. He had lost a significant amount of blood due to a laceration of his right femoral artery and was at risk of hemorrhagic shock. Evidence supporting the diagnosis included the mechanism of injury from the fall, appearance of the blood-soaked thigh, use of a tourniquet over the groin laceration, weak pulses, orthostatic hypotension, elevated creatinine and liver enzymes, pale skin, disorientation, and decreased central venous pressure.
This presentation describes the normal cardiac cycle referred to pressure-time curves for aorta, the left ventricle and left atrium, the electrocardiogram and the phonocardiogram.
A presentation about Tuberculosis . This presentation composed of the definition, causes, pathophysiology, clinical feature, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention of Tuberculosis.
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Poor sanitation and lack of access to clean water increase the risk of cholera as the bacteria can spread more easily. Those with low stomach acid, such as children, elderly, and people taking antacids are also at higher risk as cholera bacteria can survive more easily in a non-acidic environment. Living with an infected individual and consuming undercooked shellfish also significantly increase the likelihood of contracting cholera.
A pneumothorax is usually diagnosed through a physical exam and chest x-ray, with additional tests that may include arterial blood gases, chest CT scan, and electrocardiogram. These tests help evaluate respiratory conditions and lung diseases by measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, checking for air in the pleural space, and assessing for cardiac issues. Abnormal results on x-rays, CT scans, or blood gases can confirm a pneumothorax diagnosis.
Treatment for COPD aims to prevent exacerbations and improve lung function through medications, oxygen therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, nutrition, vaccinations, and pulmonary rehabilitation. Drug therapy includes bronchodilators for mild to severe COPD and inhaled corticosteroids for moderate to very severe COPD. Oxygen therapy and surgery are also treatment options for severe COPD. The goals of treatment are to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
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2. OUR CASE
A 40 year-old women.
Presented with a butterfly rash on her face.
She does not use any medication.
Other symptoms include arthralgia, alopecia and fatigue.
However, there is no fever.
3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Which diagnosis is the most likely in view of the clinical
presentation?
2. Describe the extent to which other organs can be involved in this
disorder?
3. Which laboratory test would you order to establish the diagnosis in
this case, and to mentor the involvement of other organs than the
skin and joint?
4. What initial therapeutic measures do you advice?
5. Suppose there is no involvement of other organs initially. What
advice would you give the patient regarding check-up visits?
5. DEFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
There are many conditions that cause malar rash like:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosis (SLE): affect young women (15-50y), malar rash
in the face.
Rosacea: swelling and redness of the face, characterized by prominent blood
vessels in the face.
Seborrheic Dermatitis: scaling of the skin and dandruff formation in the hair.
Malar rashes on the face, chest and neck.
Overexposure to harmful rays of the sun also causes butterfly or malar rash.In this case the associated symptoms like alopecia and arthralgia
are fit on SLE + the women age is 40y and the onset of SLE (15-
50Y). However we need to do further investigation to be sure.
6. SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSIS
(SLE)
Is Inflammatory autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple
systems like brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, blood vessels, several
joints, the overall nervous system and the skin.
Etiology:
Unknown. However, some etiological factors may trigger
autoimmune response to a variety of tissue components. For
example:
Sex hormone (mostly in female>>estrogen).
UVR (in induce damage to DNA << enhance autoimmune).
Drugs induce SLE (e.x hydrazine and procainamide).
8. SLE AFFECT MANY BODY SYSTEMS
So the patients may present with any of the following manifestations :
Constitutional (eg, fatigue, fever, weight changes).
Musculoskeletal (eg, arthralgia, arthropathy, myalgia, frank arthritis,
avascular necrosis).
Dermatologic (eg, malar rash, photosensitivity, discoid lupus).
Renal (eg, acute or chronic renal failure, acute nephritic disease).
10. WHICH LABORATORY TEST WOULD
YOU ORDER TO ESTABLISH THE
DIAGNOSIS IN THIS CASE, AND TO
MENTOR THE INVOLVEMENT OF OTHER
ORGANS THAN THE SKIN AND JOINT?
11. INVESTIGATION FOR SLE
CBC: show a leucopenia, lymphopenia and/or thrombocytopenia.
Anaemia of chronic disease or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia also
occurs.
ESR is raised and CRP is usually normal but may be high.
Urea and creatinine only rise when renal disease is advanced. Low
serum albumin or high urine albumin/creatinine ratio are earlier
indicators of lupus nephritis.
Autoantibodies: many different autoantibodies may be present in
SLE but the most significant are ANA,anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro, anti-Sm
and anti-La. Antiphospholipid antibodies are present in 25–40%.
12. CON…
Serum complement C3 and C4 levels are often reduced during active
disease.
Histology: Characteristic histological and immunofluorescent
abnormalities deposition of IgG and complement) are seen in biopsies
from the kidney and skin.
Diagnostic imaging:
CT scans of the brain sometimes show infarcts or haemorrhage with
evidence of cerebral atrophy.
MRI can detect lesions in white matter which are not seen on CT.
However, it can be very difficult to distinguish true vasculitis from small
thrombi.
14. TREATMENT OF SLE
General measures:
• The disease and its management should be discussed with the patient.
• Patients advised to avoid excessive exposure to sunlight + reduce
cardiovascular risk factors.
Symptomatic treatment:
• Many patients do not need treatment with corticosteroid or
immunosuppressive agents. Arthralgia, arthritis, fever and serositis all
respond well to standard doses of NSAIDs.
• Topical corticosteroids are effective and widely used in cutaneous lupus.
• Antimalarial drugs (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine) help mild skin
disease, fatigue and arthralgias that cannot be controlled with NSAIDs but
patients require regular eye checks.
15. CON…
Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs:
• Short courses of oral corticosteroids are useful in treating severe conditions.
• Renal or cerebral disease must be treated with high dose oral corticosteroids.
• Cyclophosphamide was most commonly used to achieve remission in severe
forms of lupus but is being replaced by mycophenolate mofetil, which has fewer
side-effects.
• Newer agents, which target cells or cytokines in the immune system, these
include:
• Rituximab(anti-CD20) and belimumab, both monoclonal antibodies acting
against B lymphocytes.
16. SUPPOSE THERE IS NO INVOLVEMENT OF
OTHER ORGANS INITIALLY. WHAT ADVICE
WOULD YOU GIVE THE PATIENT
REGARDING CHECK-UP VISITS?
17. CON…
The disease and its management will be discussed with the patient.
Particularly the effect upon the patient’s lifestyle e.g: debility due to
fatigue.
Patients are advised to: Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight.
Periodic follow up and blood tests are required for:
1. Detecting signs and symptoms of new organ-system involvement
in the patient.
2. Monitoring response and adverse reactions to therapies. (steroid
side effects).
Usual protocol is visits are arranged every 3
months (quarterly visits) at least 4 visits every
year.