Ppt looks at the context if cities, problems faced/created by cities and options to make cities more sustainable- using mechanism of planned development, compact city,Regional Planning, green mobility, greening cities, technologies, leadership and creating accountability with responsibility

1. Planning For
DeCarbonising Cities –
Issues and Options
Ar. J.K.GUPTA,
Email---- jit.kumar1944@gmail.com, Mob- 90410-26414

2. Cities in
Global
Context

3. State of World’s Cities
• UN Habitat Report, State of World’s Cities 2008/2009-
Harmonious Cities, defines cities in terms of --
• Cities contain both order and chaos.
• In them reside beauty and ugliness--virtue and vice.
• They can bring out best or worst in human kind.
• They are physical manifestation of history and culture
• They are incubators of innovations, industry, technology,
entrepreneurship and creativity.
• Cities are materialization of humanity’s noblest ideas, ambitions and
aspirations,
• but when not planned or governed properly, can be repository of
society’s ills.
• Cities drive national economies by creating wealth, enhancing social
development and providing employment but
• they can also be breeding grounds for poverty, exclusion and
environmental degradation.

4. Cities and their Context
• Cities have been part of human history.
• - Cities- known to command power and authority
• .Cities- known for both -- positivity and negativities
• Cities -- known for their dualities and contradictions
• Cities -- known to be areas of concentration of population/
activities, infrastructures, services, healthcare, education
• Cities -- Engines of economic growth-
• Cities - generators of employment , wealth and prosperity,
• Cities – also known for their negativities,
• – where rich & poor rub shoulders-
• Cities – large consumers of resources/energy/ land
• Cities- generators of waste
• Cities – consuming large energy
• Cities--- generating majorityof carbon footprints-
• Cities -- largely responsible for global warming-

5. Cities and their Context
• Cities- remain a manmade , mechanical habitat
• Cities- destroy natural habitat-anti-thesis to bio-diversity
• Cities- known as creator of best/ worst living conditions-
• Cities- home to large migrants
• Cities- home to slums
• Cities- remain in crisis- natural and manmade
• Crisis-- of population, poverty, pollution
• Cities – ever evolving ,devolving, never static, never finite
• Cities – shall remain dominant in future
• Cities- drivers of nation’s future
• Cities - need rationalization
• Cities –made more-- bio-diverse; productive, effective,
efficient, humane, livable, inclusive, safe, Resilient
,sustainable and Healthy place to live /work

6. Global Context of Cities

8. Human wiped off 2/3rd of wild life
in last 50 years

10. Cities in
Local-Indian
Context-
India

11. Indian Urbanization
• 250 million in 1919
• 1210 million in 2011
• 1410- MILLION-2023
• 2050- Indian population- 1600 mil. -- 50%
in Urban India.
• Metropolitan Centres -5 (1951)- -53 (2011)-
68(2031)
• 10 m plus- nil (1951)- 3 (2011) -7 (2031)-9
(2051)
• During last 100 years, India witnessed—
- -Urbanization level going up by 3 times
- --Urban settlements growing merely 4
times
- --Total Population multiplying 5 times
- -Urban population increasing 15 times and
- -Rural population increasing 3.5 times
- India became most populated country on
this planet- April 2023- 1.41 billion

12. Indian Urbanization
• Urban area important because ;
 Areas of concentration of population,
 Providers of large employment.
 Areas of large investment.
 Housing major infrastructure & services.
 Hub around which entire economy gravitates.
 Promoters of higher order of productivity
• Major contributors to the national wealth/GDP
 1950-51 - 29% (level of urbanization - 17.29%)
 1970-71- 37% (level of urbanization - 19.91%)
 1990-91- 50% (level of urbanization - 25.72%)
 2001-02- 60% (level of urbanization - 27.78%)
 2011- 12- 65% (level of urbanization - 31.1%)
 10 Largest cities - 8%pop -- produce 15%GDP
 53 Metro cities - 13 %pop --produce 33%GDP
 100 Largest cities -16%pop -produce 43%GDP

13. Urbanization-issues
• Despite large positivity Urban centers involve negativities
 Poorly planned, developed managed and governed.
 Unable to meet challenges of urban dynamism
 Haphazard /Unplanned pattern of development.
 Enormous growth of slums
• Poor quality of life
• largely unhealthy-House large polluting gases of NO, O3,
Co2,SO2 suspended particulate
• -98% cities in low& low/middle countries / 56% in high
income economies do not meet air quality –WHO norms
• 6 million people died -due to air pollution-2019-20
• Cities Remain unsafe
• Cities -- Remain water stressed
• Unable to meet basic needs of
• -Shelter
• --Services ,
• --Sanitation

14. Urbanization-issues
• Cities--Have acute shortage of green spaces
• Remain prone to disasters- natural and manmade
• Create large heat island- leading to temperature rise
of 2-4 degree during day and up to 10 C at night
• Perpetually suffering from problems of traffic and
transportation
• Promoting exclusion
• Creating dichotomy between rich and poor
• Remain unsustainable- largely dependent on rural
hinterland for day to day needs
• Remain large consumer of energy / resources
• Remain polluter of environment / destroyer of bio-
diversity
• Indian Urbanization rightly called :
 Urbanization of Population
 Urbanization of Poverty
 Urbanization of Pollution

16. Urbanization-issues

17. Elements Making Cities Warmer

18. Reasons for Carbon footprints
• Climate action in cities - essential for achieving
net-zero emissions goals.
• Cities house > 50% of global population,
• Generate - 70% of global GDP,
• Account for- 2/3rd of global energy
consumption
• Responsible > 70% annual global carbon
emissions.
• These factors expected to grow significantly
• by 2050 > 70% world’s population to live in
cities-- massive increase in growth of demand

19. Reasons for Carbon footprints
• Huge carbon footprint created by cities results from
increasing population large consumption of black
energy;
• poor planning , layout, development
• -lack of open spaces- lack of vegetation
• –Paving cities- creating Urban Heat Island
• Low-density suburban sprawl
• Limited public transport ;
• Large Travel demand- - more cars on urban roads--
roads emitting carbon dioxide
• ever-increasing building footprints- materials used for
construction- building typologies-Tall Buildings
• using fossil fuels for cooling buildings

20. Options for
Achieving
Sustainable
Development

21. Making Cities Carbon Neutral
• Cities - key to a net-zero emissions - where
affordable /sustainable green energy made
accessible to all
• Rationalising Urban Planning
• – Redefining cities- shape, size
• Redefining order of planning
• Rationalization- building planning, designing,
construction - reduce emissions by 350 Mt CO2
by 2050
• Rationalising Urban transport -accounts for 4
billion tonnes of CO2-eq,- more than 40% of
transport sector’s total emissions
• Creating more open spaces-Overcoming Heat

22. SDG 11- Make cities and human settlements
inclusive ,safe, resilient and sustainable

24. Promoting
Planned
Development

25. Promoting Planned Development
• UNDP-- ‘ Cost of poorly planned urbanization;
• make cities littered with--- huge slums, tangled traffic,
• greenhouse gas emissions ,
• sprawling suburbs
• Consuming large energy
• Opting for sustainable planning leads to;
• - Empowering cities
• -- citizens living a decent life
• -- creating shared prosperity
• - having social stability,
• - preserving environment’.
• -making cities dynamic spaces for living -working.
• - become least consumers of energy
• - generators of minimum carbon footprints

26. Promoting Planned Development
• Globally- planning known for ability for---
• --promoting operational efficiency of cities,
• --Managing carbon footprints;
• -minimizing climate change,
• Reducing global warming & emission of greenhouse gases.
• Bringing land uses in close proximity &
• connecting them through an efficient network of services/
• - -de-centralization cities in small/ compact, self-contained /
self-sufficient Neighborhoods,
• Providing facilities -healthcare, education, shopping, leisure
• Rationalizing travel and traffic
• Promoting pedestrianization/ walkability.
• -making buildings sustainable,

27. CO
BS
WO
RKING
LIVING
CIRCULATIO
N
• The Radiant City
•An organism capable of housing works of
man of machine-age society.
• placed under masterful government of
natural conditions:
•Sun
•Space
•Greenery
•And its mission is service of mankind:
•To live
•To work
•To cultivate body and spirit
•To travel about
(in this order and obeying this
hierarchy)

28. Valuing Wind

29. Promoting
Regional
Development

30. Regional Planning- Rural- Urban
• Most advanced counties adopted Regional Planning for
rational development
• Regional Planning helps in
• - Bringing urban/ rural settlements on same platform
• - Promoting co-operation, collaboration /mutual support
• - Integrating Development of Urban & Rural Planning
• - Promoting balanced development- Reducing conflicts
• -Synergizing strength of rural & urban areas
• - Minimizing duplication of development decisions
• - defining operational domain of rural/urban settlements
• - minimizing urban –rural migration
• - overcoming major urban problems
• - helping Equitable distribution of population/ economic
activities

31. Rationalizing
Planning and
Development of
Core Areas

32. Rationalizing Development of Core Areas;
• Core areas in existing/historic cities house -
• -large population in a small/compact area; -
• -having large built-up area
• -housing large proportion of trade/commerce
• -remain invariably crowded-
• - have little open/breathing spaces.
• - remain warmer/hotter than periphery
• - hotbeds of global warming, -- climate change/ generators
large carbon footprints
• -Creating problems of environment, pollution, congestion
traffic/transportation in urban areas.
• For making cities carbon neutral/low carbon;
• --would require decongest the core areas on priority,

33. Rationalizing Development of Core Areas;
• difficult to decongest – need exploring options like,
• -- minimizing entry of mechanical /fossil fuel-based vehicles;
• -promoting pedestrianization;
• -shifting wholesale trade to areas identified
• -using area vacated by wholesale trade --for creating open
spaces.
• -With landscaping- reduced congestion- reduced vehicles
count- reduced noise/pollution - reduced fossil fuel
consumption, -achieve reduction in carbon count.
• --help cities becoming low carbon,
• --least emitter of greenhouse gases
• promoters of environment /ecology
• Bringing nature in the core areas

34. Rationalizing Development of Core Areas;
• -- Creating Green roofs
• - Green roof, globally proved efficacy /effectiveness in
-- increase green footprints of the city,
- make building energy efficient
 absorbing solar heat falling on buildings.
 -reduced air-conditioning for internal spaces of buildings
 minimising heat loss/ heat gain.
 Plants in green roof –absorb solar heat
 - generating oxygen,
 cleaning environment,
 -minimize flooding by absorbing/retaining excessive water
 providing space for socialization.
 create win-win situation for owners, users, communities,
climate/ cities
 promoting global sustainability by educing carbon footprints of

36. Making Roof Garden

37. Making Cities Safe-
Making Cities Compact

38. Compact City- Heat Reduction
• -Form, shape; size of city -major determinant of sustainability, greenhouse
gas ; carbon emissions
• Heat reduction ignored in urban planning- even when temperatures rising
• All citizens entitled to- thermally safe indoor/ outdoor environment
• Making Cities Cool-Changing City planning options
• - from expanding/sprawling –to Compact Cities
• -offer distinct advantages-
• Minimize expositing earth surface to solar radiation.
• --Promoting walkability
• - Minimising area under road
• – replacing roads by streets---shaded by adjoining buildings
• - changing materials/ built for cities- - responsible for heating cities.
• Cities dominated by dark/hard materials – concrete, asphalt, paving
• – absorb solar radiation-
• conventional paving heated up to 67 C &
• roofs up to 50–90 C, on hot day.

40. Making Cities Safe

41. Making city Compact - Model

42. PLANNING COMPACT CITIES
Make cities compact by;
– promoting High-density development
-- adopting Transit oriented development
-- Raising Height and
-Rationalizing land uses
-Reviewing Building bye-laws
-Building inside not outside
--- Building vertical not horizontal
--- Building High not low
--- Building mix not pure
---Building dense not shallow
----- optimizing current infrastructure.
.

43. Making Cities Safe- Compact Cities
• Make cities Compact-
• -Avoids urban sprawl.
• -- Make cities Safer- than cities spread over a large area.
• Makes cities More Sustainable -Reduced Service Network
• - Promote Pedestrianisation - provide walkable access to
transport, entertainment and public spaces
• -- Ensures safety-a safe space for walking and cycling.-Less
Accidents
• More Economical for Development
• Land Efficient--Cost-efficient -Socially More Vibrant
• -Less Cars – less parking – less pollution - Less Carbon
footprints
• --- Compact cities- Stockholm /Tokyo have lowest traffic
fatality rates in world—1.5 deaths per 100,000 residents.
• Sprawling Atlanta--death rate six times- 9 fatalities per
100,000 residents.

45. COMPACT CITY

46. Curitiba's BRT corridors run along
high-density developed area

47. Amazing Future Green City of
World –Musdar –Abu Dhabi-UAE
 A city of 50,000population
 City of no cars , no waste
Planned to make use of cool sea winds
Using solar energy on rooftop
Narrow streets shading houses
Total recycling of waste/water
 working/ living area-- not farther
than200 mts from transportation nodes.
Electric powered light rail on elevated
track -- for easy transport between
Musdar and Abu Dhabi.
•for Intra-city travel-- people use
personal rapid transit pods (PRT) run on
magnetic tracks using electric power.
•Aim is to create:
Zero Carbon
Zero Waste
Zero Car city

48. TIANJIN- Master Plan
..
1. Land-use Planning –Making city compact, mix land uses
and Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)
2. Transport Planning -Green transport .—Large trips via
public transport ; bicycles and walking
3. Green and Blue Network Planning---extensive green
(vegetation) and blue (water) networks – for quality living /working
environment.
4. Water bodies --linked for circulation – enhancing ecology ,
environment , recreational activities.
5. A wastewater pond -rehabilitated /transformed into a clean/beautiful lake.

49. GREEN
TRANSPORTATION-8
-4

50. CONFLICT BETWEEN MAN& MACHINE

51. --Redefining approach to Land-use Planning.
-Redefining shape and size of cities
-Making cities compact
--Reordering prioritization of modes of travel
Planning for People-- not for vehicles
Promoting Accessibility-- Not Mobility
-Making public transport -more equitable,
reliable, affordable, safe, comfortable,
sustainable, energy/operationally efficient, cost-
effective, eco/ users friendly
•Equitable allocation of road space.
•Road Pricing
• Promoting intelligent/smart transportation
•Creating public awareness
•Involving communities/ stakeholders
•Deregistration of Old Vehicles
•Establishing effective regulatory/enforcement
mechanisms
SMART TRANSPORTATION

52. Defining Sustainable Transport
• Sustainable Transport --
• -- sometimes known as Green Transport
• -- form of transport that does not use / rely
on dwindling natural resources.
• -- relies on renewable /regenerated energy
• -- rather than fossil fuels that have a finite life
expectancy

54. Curitiba’s futuristic ‘tube’ station system for buses--,85%
Curitiba uses Bus Rapid Transit -- transporting two million
each day-- London subway carries three million-- BRT built
in 1974; now 300 cities around world are using
.”

55. JANMARG AHMEDABAD

57. .
EQUITABLE
ALLOCATION
OF
ROAD SPACE

58. .
SINGAP-
ORE
MODEL
OF
ROAD
PRICING

59. •Planning
Cities based
on Circular
Economy

60. Circular Economy Cities- need
• By 2050- two-third humanity opt for urban areas
• taking up just 3 per cent of global landmass,
• consuming > 75 % of natural resources,
• generating 50 % of solid waste and
• emitting 60 % of greenhouse gases
• Contributing to pollution, climate change, biodiversity loss.
• cities characterized by
• - large concentration of human beings,
• -consumption of large resources, ;
• -spread over a relatively small geographic area.
• intensity of growth/development / concentration
• - of activities/human beings/industry/institutions,
• - cities best positioned to support circular business models,- -
- based on sharing, reuse or product-as-a-service models.

61. Circular Economy Cities
• - Operating on linear principle of take-make-waste economy,
• - globally cities created prosperity for last two centuries,- now
threatening human livelihood.
• - cities emerged as large consumers of- natural resources,
• - store house /breeding grounds of waste-
• Making Cities unsustainable/ inefficient
• Cities need to be planned, designed, constructed on principle of circular
economy, to make them
• - energy / resource efficient
• - generators of least waste
• - eliminators of carbon footprints.
• - -- making them vibrant, sustainable
• --bring enormous economic, social, environmental benefits

62. Circular Economy Cities
• -; Rationale, of circular economy in the urban planning -
 Planet earth - finite with finite resources
 Rapid depletion of resources - created over centuries.
 Cities getting littered with large waste
 -Polluting air , land , environment generated by waste-Making Cities polluted /
inefficient
 Large manpower/ mechanical resources involved in handling waste
 Ever increasing demand for land-- for dumping urban waste
 Generating green-house gases-- promoting global warming, climate change
 Increasing population - asking for more resources
 Limited capacity -of planet for replenishing depleted natural resources
 Inefficient / wasteful production processes-- consuming large resources
 Challenge posed by adoption of take- make-waste processes.
 Challenges posed by-- limited use of products
 Challenges posed by rapid urbanization / uncontrolled migration
 Inability of cities-- to provide basic services/infrastructures to inhabitants
 Cities becoming - liability on both natural - manmade resources
 Rising attitude of consumerism in human living
 -- shortening life of goods and services produced and consumed.

63. Opting for Circular Economy

64. Circular Economy Cities
Ellen MacArthur; adopting circular economy-waste is
eliminated
• - products /materials used throughout lifecycle
• - natural systems regenerated.
• –focus on reuse, repair, refurbishment
• when no longer be of use, then recycling.
• - approach involve changing
• - what we produce - how we produce –
• - - includes adopting modular design,
• designing for renewable materials,
• designing for easy repair/ disassembly/ designing new
products -with backwards compatibility - parts can
have multiple applications and used longer

65. Circular Economy Cities
• - circular city embedded with principles of circular economy .
• Everything operating in interconnected network
• designed to eliminate waste and pollution,
• circulate products and materials, regenerate nature.
• Having collaboration between citizens, government, research
facilities, businesses.
• City powered by renewable energy.
• All products, services, infrastructure, buildings, vehicles
designed as- durable, adaptable, modular, easy to maintain
and repurpose, from locally sourced materials
• Everything can be composted, reused, or recycled.
• Net outcome - a thriving local economy providing a vibrant,
livable and resilient way of life

66. Circular Economy Cities-Advantges
Adopting circular economy in urban planning – Help citi becoming net zero-
energy/water, net zero-waste and Net zero- carbon
 Mitigating worst impacts of climate change /global warming
 Minimising consumption of natural resources;
 making planet earth more sustainable.
 Achieving agenda, goals . targets ordained in 17, SDGs
 Helping cities, regions/ country eliminate- waste, circulate materials;
regenerate nature
 Making cities clean , green, happy and healthy space for working/ livable
 Eliminating nearly half of the global emissions,
 Empowering people / businesses-
 Re-looking at how we approach our goods / services.
 Redefining approach to redesigning, producing
 Using goods to eliminate waste / circulate materials
 Generating new typologies of industries;
 redefining raw materials and finished goods

67. Making Circular Economy a Distinct Reality;
•Making Planning , designing , constructing , managing cities, on circular economy we
would need;
•- active involvement /working closely with professionals/industry/policy makers/
professional institutes/academic institutions engaged in teaching- learning
•-Making circular economy part of urban planning process
•-Redefining Planning system /processes/tools/approach
•Improving Understanding of panners that circular economy is here to stay,
• collaboration across value chain/across industries.
• Circular Valley, the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area- creating model for collaboration,
what is poised to become the-- global centre of Circular Economy.. drawing global
market leaders- all sectors/ value chain for circular solutions.
• housing> 70 universities/ scientific institutions
•- focussing on material /production
•-- ensuring easy access to latest research / innovation.
• - harnessing capabilities from across sectors

68. Road blocks-in Making Circular Economy a Reality
• Biggest obstacles- Lack of awareness about circular economy
by planners
• non-availability of technologies for circular economy in
developing economies
•-Concentration of technologies- in developed markets;
• Non-availability of adequate resources
•;in-adequate legal/regulatory framework;
• inadequate skill, knowledge, understanding and expertise;
• lack of research/development and
• non- involvement of stakeholders;– state/parastatal agencies.
• need support / involvement of all professional - urban planners
development, management, industry businesses.
• Creating appropriate policy framework

69. Options- for Making Circular Economy a Reality
• Making Circular Economy integral part of urban planning process
• Reshaping cities; Planning for sustainable cities- Making cities compact
Redefining planning tools- Master Plans, Development Plans, Zonal Plans
• Planning for flatted development- instead plotted development
• Planning for Optimisation of land Resource - Using land 24x7x365
• Rationalising Planning Norms and Standards -Undertaking Land Audit
• -Planning Compact Cities --Promoting brown field development
• -Rationalising travel, traffic and transportation
• -Planning for people and not vehicles; Promoting accessibility- not mobility
• -Promoting Neighbourhood Planning
• -Redefining planning requirements-
• - Creating spaces for collection and processing of waste
• Using Local Materials
• -Using Re-cycled Materials
• -Opting for Modular Construction
• Opting for Off-site construction

70. Rail Coaches used as Bridges

71. Abandoned Rail Coach as Night Shelter-72

72. Railway Coach used for Housing

73. Housing made from shipping containers

74. House made from Recycle plastic bottle

76. •Planning for
Cool Cities

77. Open Spaces

78. Global- Tree Count

79. Trees- Man Ratio
A human breathes about 9.5 tonnes of air /year
-- oxygen only makes up about 23 % of air by mass
-- One third of oxygen from each breath-- 740kg of oxygen / year.-
- -- roughly, seven / eight trees’ worth.

80. Greening Cities
Available open space/person in India-2.7 sqm
-Number of available trees/ person- Canada- 10,163
-Number of available trees-India- very low-- 28 trees
/person
-Need for Creating a network of interconnected Green
parks/ spaces @ 7 Trees / person
-Providing Green Space@ 9 Sqm/ pers
-Compensating all hard surfaces-- with greens within
buildings roofs/walls
-Greening Roofs/terraces/ Walls
-Preserving all natural areas
-Preserving water channels/ features/ Bio- Diversity
-Protecting existing flora/faun -Creating City Forests
- Using derelict areas for greening
- Greening all low lying areas
Declaring all existing trees as protected tree- Chandigarh
-Using local trees

81. Making Cities Cool-Heat Reduction
• Phasing out black/dark roofs in warm climates,
• Applying white-coatings to roads/roofs facades,
• Reflect more solar energy-save city from
prevailing high temperature.
• For promoting Cool cities
• -Paris, rationalized mobility by- creating new
bike lanes / limiting speed limit to 30 km/h for
motorized traffic.
• Havana-promoted urban agriculture
• Curitiba –used bus based mass transportation,
• Amsterdam --emerged world’s cycling capital.

82. Central Park New York- 700 Acs Vaux and
Olmsted'

83. Chandigarh Master Plan- Le Corbusier

84. Today Curitiba boasts > 50 sq metres of green space
per person. Buenos Aires’s two sq meters / person

85. Coating Roads- Reflective White

86. Making Roof Cool

87. Singapore, seven 50-story housing towers
connected by 1,600-foot-recreational “sky garden.”
-- high-density development in compact city-state.

89. •DESIGNING
SUTAINABLE /
GREEN
BUILDINGS

90. BUILDINGS AS CONSUMERS OF
RESOURCES
•Built environment impact environment / consumption of
resources:
16% of world’s fresh water withdrawal.
25% of wood harvested.
30% of consumption of raw material.
50% of global energy consumption.
35% of world’s
CO2 emission
40% of Municipal solid waste.
50% of Ozone depleting CFC’s still in use.
30% of the residents having sick building syndrome
( Roodman and Lenssen, 1995)
•70% global warming--outcome of buildings / transportation
•Buildings planned, designed and operated with utmost care
for considerations--- energy/ sustainability/resources

91. Defining- Green Buildings
•Buildings can achieve zero carbon by; Adopting Integrated
approach to design-Planning with nature, natural elements,
Climate, Evolving passive building design,- eliminating using
fossil fuel --for heating, cooling /air conditioning
• using on-site/off-site renewable energy,Retrofitting Buildings
•reducing use of high global warming potential refrigerants

92. Daylighting
Local materials
Indian Way of approaching design
• Rediscovery of the Indian ethos
– We worship 5 elements of Nature (Panchabhutas)
Prithvi (Earth) Sustainable Sites
Jal (Water) Water Efficiency
Agni (Energy) Energy Efficiency
Vayu (Air) Indoor Environmental Quality
Akash (Sky) Daylight
Views
Water body

93. Advantages of Green Buildings

95. Involving
Technologies in
Planning

96. Smart Technologies
• Using smart technologies for ;
• -- smart parking- to help find a parking space / allow for digital
payment.
• -- smart traffic management-- to monitor traffic flows / optimise
traffic lights to reduce congestion/ride-sharing services / digital bus
stops- bus schedule -Managing Traffic/parking --Minimizing travel
• Promoting Energy conservation / environmental efficiencies-
dimming streetlights when roads are empty–
• -- improving operations /maintenance / planning of power
supplies.
• -- Combat climate change / air pollution
• -- Promoting safety measures-- monitoring areas of high crime--
using sensors for early warning for floods, landslides, hurricanes or
droughts.
• -- Smart buildings --structural health monitoring -- feedback to
determine when repairs are necessary.
-- connect all services to provide combined solutions for citizens.

97. Involving
Quality
Leadership in
Planning
•

98. Jaimy Learner- Mayor Curitiba-
BRTS, TOD, Spongy Cities, SWM

99. Future Cities-Conceptual
Ultima Tower- 2Mile High Sky City
•Location: Any densely populated urban
environment
•Date: 1991
•Cost: $150,000,000,000
•Population: 1,000,000 people
•Exterior surface area of building: 150,000,000
sft.
•Enclosed volume: 53,000,000,000 cubic feet
•Total enclosed acreage: 39,000 acres-156
secors
•Elevator speed: 20 feet per second (13 miles
per hour) 9 minutes and 40 seconds to reach
top floor from ground floor.
•Dimensions: Height--10,560 feet;
•Diameter at the base--6000 feet;
•Number of stories--500;
•Total Square Feet: Approximately 5,000,000 sft

100. Earth Scraper – Mexico City
• Location- Mexico City
• Depth 300 m below ground
• Designed as Inverted Pyramid
• Glass floor to cover 240 mtrs X
240 mtrs. hole in cities main
square to filter natural light
• Preserve cities historic centre
and heritage buildings
surrounding square.
• Interior of building to look
natural.
• Building -- city’s top retail
destination.

101. •
Three Mantra for Sustainable/Carbon neutr
cities
• 1. Achieve smart growth
• -- finding best options to do things sustainably
• -- promoting economic growth of people –
• -- making them earn good livelihood
• -- make them enjoy a good quality of life.
• 2. Do more with less–
• -- cities need money-- to accomplish all wants .
• --Cities to collect, manage resources effectively/ efficiently
• 3. Win support for change-
• - City leaders need to;-- deliver fast, positive, /visible results,
• - build support for changes.-- Involving high-performing civil
servants
• -- Embedding accountability for their work—Singapore model

102. CREATING Smart/Sustainable CITIES POSES
GREATEST CHALLENGE TO PLANNERS/
PROFESSIONALS