This document contains a series of multiple choice questions related to the topic of algae. It begins with questions about general algal characteristics such as their autotrophic nature and the study of algae being called phycology. Subsequent questions cover topics like different growth habits of algae, structures like chloroplasts and pyrenoids, methods of reproduction, and examples of economically important algal species.
This document contains 81 multiple choice questions related to viruses and viral diseases. The questions cover topics like the definition of viruses, their shapes and sizes, important discoveries in virology, and examples of specific plant, animal and human viral diseases. Some key scientists mentioned include Mayer, Jenner, Beijerinck, and Hershey & Chase. The questions are intended to test knowledge of basic virology concepts and history.
General Account of Chlorophyta & Charophytashamroz7700
Chlorophyta
=> habitat => plant body => pigments
=> reproduction => some speices of chlorophyta
Charophyta
=> habitat => plant body
=> reproduction => some speices of charophyta
This document summarizes the plant Marchantia. It belongs to the division Bryophyta, class Hepaticopsida, order Marchantiales, and family Marchantiaceae. The genus Marchantia has about 65 species found worldwide, including 11 species in India. It reproduces sexually through antheridia and archegonia borne on special stalked branches, and asexually through gemmae. Fertilization leads to a sporophyte generation that produces spores which develop into a new gametophyte, completing the life cycle of alternation of generations. Key structures include the dorsal gemma cups and ventral rhizoids, and the dorsiventral thallus bears the reproductive organs in
Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria that is commonly found in alkaline soils, moist rocks, water ponds, streams, and lakes. The body, or thallus, of Nostoc consists of many filaments made up of rounded cells arranged in a chain. The filaments are embedded in a jelly-like mass and covered by a gelatinous sheath. Cells contain a centroplasm and chromoplasm but not a true nucleus. Nostoc reproduces asexually through fragmentation of filaments, formation of hormogonia, or production of thick-walled resting cells called akinetes. It can fix atmospheric nitrogen and plays an important ecological role through photosynthesis.
1. Agaricus is a genus of fungi that includes some edible mushroom species. Agaricus compestris is a common edible mushroom found in grassy, open, well-manured areas.
2. The life cycle of Agaricus involves dikaryotic mycelium that develops underground and produces the above ground fruiting body or basidiocarp, which contains gills that hold basidia.
3. Basidia produce basidiospores through the meiotic process, which are dispersed by wind or other means and can germinate to start new monokaryotic mycelium, completing the life cycle.
1. Chara is a genus of macroscopic, multicellular, branched green algae that grows in freshwater. The plants have a main axis with nodes, internodes, and branches of either limited or unlimited growth.
2. Vegetative reproduction occurs through structures like amylum stars, bulbils, and secondary protenemas that form on the rhizoids. Sexual reproduction is oogamous, with male antheridia and female oogonia occurring either on the same plant or different plants.
3. Fertilization involves the release of biflagellate antherozoids from the antheridia that swim and penetrate the receptive egg cell within the oogonium,
General characters of Xanthophyceae & Life cycle of Vaucheria SMGsajigeorge64
The document provides information about the yellow-green algae (Xanthophyceae) class and the life cycle of Vaucheria. It describes the general characteristics of Xanthophyceae such as their habitat, thallus organization, cell wall, pigments, and reproduction. It then focuses on Vaucheria, discussing its systematic position, examples of species, vegetative structure, and life cycle which involves both asexual reproduction through zoospores, aplanospores, and akinetes, and sexual reproduction through antheridia and oogonia forming zygotes that germinate into new filaments.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts that includes around 138 species. It mainly grows in damp soil and shady places. The thallus has dichotomous branching forming a circular rosette. It has a ventral storage region and dorsal photosynthetic region. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, adventitious branches, tubers, or persistent apices, or sexually through antheridia and archegonia that produce sperm and eggs. Fertilization results in a sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte that produces spores through meiosis, completing the alternation of generations between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
This document contains 81 multiple choice questions related to viruses and viral diseases. The questions cover topics like the definition of viruses, their shapes and sizes, important discoveries in virology, and examples of specific plant, animal and human viral diseases. Some key scientists mentioned include Mayer, Jenner, Beijerinck, and Hershey & Chase. The questions are intended to test knowledge of basic virology concepts and history.
General Account of Chlorophyta & Charophytashamroz7700
Chlorophyta
=> habitat => plant body => pigments
=> reproduction => some speices of chlorophyta
Charophyta
=> habitat => plant body
=> reproduction => some speices of charophyta
This document summarizes the plant Marchantia. It belongs to the division Bryophyta, class Hepaticopsida, order Marchantiales, and family Marchantiaceae. The genus Marchantia has about 65 species found worldwide, including 11 species in India. It reproduces sexually through antheridia and archegonia borne on special stalked branches, and asexually through gemmae. Fertilization leads to a sporophyte generation that produces spores which develop into a new gametophyte, completing the life cycle of alternation of generations. Key structures include the dorsal gemma cups and ventral rhizoids, and the dorsiventral thallus bears the reproductive organs in
Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria that is commonly found in alkaline soils, moist rocks, water ponds, streams, and lakes. The body, or thallus, of Nostoc consists of many filaments made up of rounded cells arranged in a chain. The filaments are embedded in a jelly-like mass and covered by a gelatinous sheath. Cells contain a centroplasm and chromoplasm but not a true nucleus. Nostoc reproduces asexually through fragmentation of filaments, formation of hormogonia, or production of thick-walled resting cells called akinetes. It can fix atmospheric nitrogen and plays an important ecological role through photosynthesis.
1. Agaricus is a genus of fungi that includes some edible mushroom species. Agaricus compestris is a common edible mushroom found in grassy, open, well-manured areas.
2. The life cycle of Agaricus involves dikaryotic mycelium that develops underground and produces the above ground fruiting body or basidiocarp, which contains gills that hold basidia.
3. Basidia produce basidiospores through the meiotic process, which are dispersed by wind or other means and can germinate to start new monokaryotic mycelium, completing the life cycle.
1. Chara is a genus of macroscopic, multicellular, branched green algae that grows in freshwater. The plants have a main axis with nodes, internodes, and branches of either limited or unlimited growth.
2. Vegetative reproduction occurs through structures like amylum stars, bulbils, and secondary protenemas that form on the rhizoids. Sexual reproduction is oogamous, with male antheridia and female oogonia occurring either on the same plant or different plants.
3. Fertilization involves the release of biflagellate antherozoids from the antheridia that swim and penetrate the receptive egg cell within the oogonium,
General characters of Xanthophyceae & Life cycle of Vaucheria SMGsajigeorge64
The document provides information about the yellow-green algae (Xanthophyceae) class and the life cycle of Vaucheria. It describes the general characteristics of Xanthophyceae such as their habitat, thallus organization, cell wall, pigments, and reproduction. It then focuses on Vaucheria, discussing its systematic position, examples of species, vegetative structure, and life cycle which involves both asexual reproduction through zoospores, aplanospores, and akinetes, and sexual reproduction through antheridia and oogonia forming zygotes that germinate into new filaments.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts that includes around 138 species. It mainly grows in damp soil and shady places. The thallus has dichotomous branching forming a circular rosette. It has a ventral storage region and dorsal photosynthetic region. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, adventitious branches, tubers, or persistent apices, or sexually through antheridia and archegonia that produce sperm and eggs. Fertilization results in a sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte that produces spores through meiosis, completing the alternation of generations between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
This document discusses the plant Anthoceros. It describes Anthoceros as a genus of hornworts found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. The document outlines the vegetative structure and reproductive processes of Anthoceros, including its gametophyte and sporophyte stages. Key details provided include that Anthoceros has a non-differentiated thallus containing chloroplasts and pyrenoids, and reproduces sexually through antheridia and archegonia forming zygotes that develop into sporophytes.
Stelar evolution in Pteridophytes-BOTANYANJALIJAYAN6
Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce via spores. They have a number of shared characteristics including lignified cell walls, tracheary elements, and an independent sporophyte generation. The stele, or central vascular cylinder, of pteridophytes can take several forms. The protostele is the simplest form, with a central xylem core surrounded by phloem. More advanced forms include the siphonostele, with a central pith, and the dictyostele, with overlapping leaf gaps. The eustele features a ring of vascular bundles around the edge of the pith.
This document discusses the characteristics of charophyta, a division of green algae. Charophyta resembles plants and grows in muddy or sandy areas worldwide. They have a macroscopic plant body covered in a thick, brittle crust. The cells are prokaryotic, elongated, and contain discoid chloroplasts. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through amylium stars, bulbils, or protonema. Sexual reproduction is oogamous through specialized structures. There are 7 living genera containing 294 species classified in this division.
the presentation is about plant family Brassicaceae. in this presentation you will study about general introduction of the family, its distributions, vegetative characters, floral characters, floral formula and diagram, important genera of this family and economic importance of this family.
Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria that forms colonies. It is classified as division Cyanophyta, class Cyanophyceae, order Hormogoniales, and family Nostocaceae. Nostoc colonies occur in soil and freshwater and can reproduce through colony fragmentation, hormogonia, resting spores called akinetes, or specialized cells called heterocysts and endospores.
Oedogonium is a common freshwater green alga that grows as unbranched filaments attached to substrates by a basal holdfast cell. The filaments are made up of elongated cylindrical cells containing a single chloroplast. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, or sexually through the formation of zoospores or oogonia and antherozoids. Fertilization of an oogonium results in the formation of a resting oospore, which can germinate to form a new filament and complete the life cycle. Species can be either monoecious/dioecious or produce dwarf male filaments (nannandria) containing antheridia.
Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of MarsileaSankritaGaonkar
- Marsilea is a genus of aquatic ferns found worldwide, especially in tropical regions. There are about 53 species, with 9 reported in India.
- The sporophyte plant is differentiated into a creeping rhizome, roots, and quadrifoliate leaves. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through tubers or sexually through heterosporous sporocarps containing microsporangia and megasporangia.
- Sporocarps are borne above petioles and contain mixed sori within sac-like indusia. Microspores are globose with ridges while megaspores are ellipsoidal with an anterior projection.
The document discusses various types of algae. It contains 20 multiple choice questions about algal taxonomy, characteristics, and classification. Some key details covered include that phycology is the study of algae, algal blooms describe the rapid growth of microscopic algae, Linnaeus first coined the term algae, and certain divisions of algae like Cyanophyta, Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta are known as blue-green, red, brown and green algae respectively.
Puccinia graminis is a fungus that causes black stem rust disease on wheat and other grass crops. It has a heteroecious life cycle requiring two hosts, wheat and barberry plants. On wheat, it produces urediniospores that spread the disease and later teleutospores which overwinter. Teleutospores produce basidiospores on germination which infect barberry plants. On barberry, it produces pycniospores and then aeciospores which infect wheat to complete the life cycle. The disease symptoms and stages on both hosts are described in detail in the document.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts that includes both terrestrial and aquatic species. It has a small, flat, dorsiventral thalloid body that grows from an apical meristem and branches dichotomously. It reproduces both sexually and asexually. Sexually, it produces male antheridia and female archegonia that allow for fertilization to occur in water, forming a zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte thallus. The sporophyte produces haploid spores that are released and can germinate to form a new gametophyte, completing the life cycle with alternation of generations between the
This document discusses green algae. It notes that the group contains over 20,000 species that contain chlorophyll A and B which gives them their green color. About 90% are freshwater while 10% are marine or terrestrial. They exhibit a wide range of thallus forms from unicellular to filamentous or branched. Green algae store starch and sometimes oils as food reserves and reproduce through vegetative, asexual and sexual means. They are an important food source for animals and humans as they provide vitamins, minerals and carotene.
Volvox is a genus of green algae that forms spherical colonies called coenobia. Each coenobium contains many cells embedded in a gelatinous sheath. The cells are biflagellate and work together to propel the coenobium through water. Volvox reproduces both asexually through the formation of daughter coenobia inside parent coenobia, and sexually through the development of male antheridia and female oogonia. During sexual reproduction, antherozoids fertilize eggs within oogonia to form zygotes, which overwinter on the bottom of water bodies before germinating into new coenobia.
Pteridophytes are vascular cryptogams that were the dominant vegetation 230-280 million years ago. They have well-developed vascular systems and reproduce via spores. Their plant bodies are sporophytic and differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves. Reproduction involves the production of spores that germinate into gametophytes on which gametes are produced. Fertilization leads to the formation of a zygote and the growth of a new sporophyte, completing the life cycle. Major characteristics include a lack of cambium and secondary growth, and the presence of xylem tracheids and phloem sieve tubes.
www.slideshare.net Sumia fatima mc qs-fungisumiafatema
This document contains questions and answers related to mycology, the study of fungi. It covers topics such as the different types of fungi (including yeasts), their structures and life cycles, and their ecological roles as saprophytes, parasites, and symbionts. Key points addressed include that fungi lack chlorophyll, have cell walls containing chitin, and obtain nutrients as heterotrophs. Common genera discussed are Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Saccharomyces.
Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
This document provides information about the brown alga Ectocarpus. It discusses the taxonomic classification of Ectocarpus, describing its worldwide distribution and morphology. The life cycle of Ectocarpus involves alternation of generations between a haploid gametophyte phase and diploid sporophyte phase. Ectocarpus reproduces both asexually through zoospores and sexually through the fusion of gametes.
1. Anthoceros is a genus of hornworts that reproduces sexually as a gametophyte generation.
2. The thallus is flattened, lobed, and lacks a midrib or branches; rhizoids are present on the ventral surface.
3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, gemmae, or tubers, or sexually through antheridia and archegonia developing on the upper thallus surface.
4. Fertilization results in a diploid zygote that develops into an elongated, horn-like sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte thallus.
This document summarizes the morphological, anatomical, and reproductive characteristics of the moss species Funaria. It describes the gametophyte structure including rhizoids, stem, and leaves. Anatomically, it details the layers of the stem and leaf structures. Sexual reproduction involves antheridia and archegonia that develop on separate plants. Fertilization results in a sporophyte structure including foot, seta, and capsule. The capsule contains spores that are dispersed upon dehiscence involving several stages including drying, tearing of spore sacs, and movement of peristome teeth.
This document provides information about the plant Cycas, including its systematic position as a gymnosperm in the division Cycadophyta. It describes key aspects of the Cycas plant body such as its short, tuberous stem covered in tough leaf bases that bears a crown of large fern-like leaves. The document outlines the structure and development of Cycas female cones and ovules, which have an erect structure with a micropyle opening and integument layer that becomes stony during seed formation. References on gymnosperms and the genus Cycas are also provided.
Ectocarpus is a genus of brown algae found worldwide in marine and some freshwater environments. It grows as delicate, highly branched filaments attached to rocks. The thallus has a prostrate system that attaches to the substrate and an erect system of branches. Growth occurs through intercalary meristems. Ectocarpus reproduces asexually through haploid zoospores produced in one-celled or many-celled sporangia, and sexually through isogamous or anisogamous gametes that fuse to form diploid zygotes. This alternates between a haploid gametophyte generation and diploid sporophyte generation in its life cycle.
Definitions and mcqs on branches of Biology by Sajid Ali TalpurDr. Sajid Ali Talpur
The document defines 30 branches of biology and provides 30 multiple choice questions related to those branches. It discusses fields like zoology, botany, microbiology, genetics, ecology, and others. It also provides the answers to the multiple choice questions.
1. It is widely agreed that the plant kingdom arose from A)Eumycota..pdfarishmarketing21
1. It is widely agreed that the plant kingdom arose from A)Eumycota. B)Chrysophyta.
C)Phaeophyta. D)Rhodophyta. E)Chlorophyta.
2. A universal feature of the life cycle of plants is A)morphologically identical haploid and
diploid stages. B)genetically identical haploid and diploid stages. C)alteration of generations
between heteromorphic haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes. D)All of the above
E)None of the above
3. Several evolutionary adaptations to land are shared by all plants. These shared adaptations do
not include A)waxy protective coverings. B)support against gravity. C)means of taking up water
from the soil. D)protective structures for the new sporophyte. E)water transport by xylem.
4. Ferns are in which phylum? A) Lycophyta B) Anthocerophyta C) Hepatophyta D) Pterophyta
E) Bryophyta
5. The bryophytes are dependent on water for reproduction because A) sperm are passively
transported to eggs by water. B) gametogenesis only occurs when the plants are moist. C) eggs
and sperm are released into water and then unite. D) sperm must swim through water to reach
and fertilize eggs. E) None of the above
6. All plants produce __________ by mitosis and __________ by meiosis. A)spores, gametes
B)gametes, gametes C)gametes, spores D)spores, spores E)spores, gametes and spores
7. In a heterosporous life cycle, the microspore develops into the _____ gametophyte, while the
megaspore develops into the ______ gametophyte. A)female, male B)male, female C)diploid,
haploid D)haploid, diploid E)None of the above
8. Asexual reproduction in liverworts is accomplished by A)gametophytes. B)spores. C)gemmae.
D)tracheids.
9. You are walking along a roadside and find a plant with the following characteristics: very thin
waxy cuticle, stomata, simple leaves in whorls around a central stem, independent sporophyte
and gametophyte, sporangia in strobili. This plant is most likely a member of which of the
following phyla? A)Bryophyta B)Sphenophyta C)Pterophyta D)Lycophyta
10. Plants differ from algae in that only plants A)are photosynthetic. B)are multicellular.
C)possess chlorophyll. D)have multicellular embryos protected by the parent. E)are eukaryotic.
11. Which statement about the alternation of generations in plants is not true? A) The plant life
cycle is characterized by diploid and haploid forms. B)Meiosis occurs in sporangia. C)Gametes
are always produced by meiosis. D)The zygote is the first cell of the sporophyte generation.
E)The gametophyte and sporophyte differ genetically.
12. The most abundant gymnosperm phylum today is A) Cycadophyta. B) Ginkgophyta. C)
Gnetophyta. D) Coniferophyta. E) None of the above
13. Coniferous gymnosperms, such as pines, depend primarily on __________ for pollination;
thus, the plants produce large quantities of pollen that disperse over large areas during the spring.
A) insects B) birds C) water D) wind E) mammals
14. An evolutionary trend that runs throughout the plant kingdom is that the sporophyte
generation ___ and .
This document discusses the plant Anthoceros. It describes Anthoceros as a genus of hornworts found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. The document outlines the vegetative structure and reproductive processes of Anthoceros, including its gametophyte and sporophyte stages. Key details provided include that Anthoceros has a non-differentiated thallus containing chloroplasts and pyrenoids, and reproduces sexually through antheridia and archegonia forming zygotes that develop into sporophytes.
Stelar evolution in Pteridophytes-BOTANYANJALIJAYAN6
Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce via spores. They have a number of shared characteristics including lignified cell walls, tracheary elements, and an independent sporophyte generation. The stele, or central vascular cylinder, of pteridophytes can take several forms. The protostele is the simplest form, with a central xylem core surrounded by phloem. More advanced forms include the siphonostele, with a central pith, and the dictyostele, with overlapping leaf gaps. The eustele features a ring of vascular bundles around the edge of the pith.
This document discusses the characteristics of charophyta, a division of green algae. Charophyta resembles plants and grows in muddy or sandy areas worldwide. They have a macroscopic plant body covered in a thick, brittle crust. The cells are prokaryotic, elongated, and contain discoid chloroplasts. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through amylium stars, bulbils, or protonema. Sexual reproduction is oogamous through specialized structures. There are 7 living genera containing 294 species classified in this division.
the presentation is about plant family Brassicaceae. in this presentation you will study about general introduction of the family, its distributions, vegetative characters, floral characters, floral formula and diagram, important genera of this family and economic importance of this family.
Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria that forms colonies. It is classified as division Cyanophyta, class Cyanophyceae, order Hormogoniales, and family Nostocaceae. Nostoc colonies occur in soil and freshwater and can reproduce through colony fragmentation, hormogonia, resting spores called akinetes, or specialized cells called heterocysts and endospores.
Oedogonium is a common freshwater green alga that grows as unbranched filaments attached to substrates by a basal holdfast cell. The filaments are made up of elongated cylindrical cells containing a single chloroplast. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, or sexually through the formation of zoospores or oogonia and antherozoids. Fertilization of an oogonium results in the formation of a resting oospore, which can germinate to form a new filament and complete the life cycle. Species can be either monoecious/dioecious or produce dwarf male filaments (nannandria) containing antheridia.
Structure, reproduction, life history and systematic position of MarsileaSankritaGaonkar
- Marsilea is a genus of aquatic ferns found worldwide, especially in tropical regions. There are about 53 species, with 9 reported in India.
- The sporophyte plant is differentiated into a creeping rhizome, roots, and quadrifoliate leaves. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through tubers or sexually through heterosporous sporocarps containing microsporangia and megasporangia.
- Sporocarps are borne above petioles and contain mixed sori within sac-like indusia. Microspores are globose with ridges while megaspores are ellipsoidal with an anterior projection.
The document discusses various types of algae. It contains 20 multiple choice questions about algal taxonomy, characteristics, and classification. Some key details covered include that phycology is the study of algae, algal blooms describe the rapid growth of microscopic algae, Linnaeus first coined the term algae, and certain divisions of algae like Cyanophyta, Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta are known as blue-green, red, brown and green algae respectively.
Puccinia graminis is a fungus that causes black stem rust disease on wheat and other grass crops. It has a heteroecious life cycle requiring two hosts, wheat and barberry plants. On wheat, it produces urediniospores that spread the disease and later teleutospores which overwinter. Teleutospores produce basidiospores on germination which infect barberry plants. On barberry, it produces pycniospores and then aeciospores which infect wheat to complete the life cycle. The disease symptoms and stages on both hosts are described in detail in the document.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts that includes both terrestrial and aquatic species. It has a small, flat, dorsiventral thalloid body that grows from an apical meristem and branches dichotomously. It reproduces both sexually and asexually. Sexually, it produces male antheridia and female archegonia that allow for fertilization to occur in water, forming a zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte thallus. The sporophyte produces haploid spores that are released and can germinate to form a new gametophyte, completing the life cycle with alternation of generations between the
This document discusses green algae. It notes that the group contains over 20,000 species that contain chlorophyll A and B which gives them their green color. About 90% are freshwater while 10% are marine or terrestrial. They exhibit a wide range of thallus forms from unicellular to filamentous or branched. Green algae store starch and sometimes oils as food reserves and reproduce through vegetative, asexual and sexual means. They are an important food source for animals and humans as they provide vitamins, minerals and carotene.
Volvox is a genus of green algae that forms spherical colonies called coenobia. Each coenobium contains many cells embedded in a gelatinous sheath. The cells are biflagellate and work together to propel the coenobium through water. Volvox reproduces both asexually through the formation of daughter coenobia inside parent coenobia, and sexually through the development of male antheridia and female oogonia. During sexual reproduction, antherozoids fertilize eggs within oogonia to form zygotes, which overwinter on the bottom of water bodies before germinating into new coenobia.
Pteridophytes are vascular cryptogams that were the dominant vegetation 230-280 million years ago. They have well-developed vascular systems and reproduce via spores. Their plant bodies are sporophytic and differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves. Reproduction involves the production of spores that germinate into gametophytes on which gametes are produced. Fertilization leads to the formation of a zygote and the growth of a new sporophyte, completing the life cycle. Major characteristics include a lack of cambium and secondary growth, and the presence of xylem tracheids and phloem sieve tubes.
www.slideshare.net Sumia fatima mc qs-fungisumiafatema
This document contains questions and answers related to mycology, the study of fungi. It covers topics such as the different types of fungi (including yeasts), their structures and life cycles, and their ecological roles as saprophytes, parasites, and symbionts. Key points addressed include that fungi lack chlorophyll, have cell walls containing chitin, and obtain nutrients as heterotrophs. Common genera discussed are Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Saccharomyces.
Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
This document provides information about the brown alga Ectocarpus. It discusses the taxonomic classification of Ectocarpus, describing its worldwide distribution and morphology. The life cycle of Ectocarpus involves alternation of generations between a haploid gametophyte phase and diploid sporophyte phase. Ectocarpus reproduces both asexually through zoospores and sexually through the fusion of gametes.
1. Anthoceros is a genus of hornworts that reproduces sexually as a gametophyte generation.
2. The thallus is flattened, lobed, and lacks a midrib or branches; rhizoids are present on the ventral surface.
3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through fragmentation, gemmae, or tubers, or sexually through antheridia and archegonia developing on the upper thallus surface.
4. Fertilization results in a diploid zygote that develops into an elongated, horn-like sporophyte embedded in the gametophyte thallus.
This document summarizes the morphological, anatomical, and reproductive characteristics of the moss species Funaria. It describes the gametophyte structure including rhizoids, stem, and leaves. Anatomically, it details the layers of the stem and leaf structures. Sexual reproduction involves antheridia and archegonia that develop on separate plants. Fertilization results in a sporophyte structure including foot, seta, and capsule. The capsule contains spores that are dispersed upon dehiscence involving several stages including drying, tearing of spore sacs, and movement of peristome teeth.
This document provides information about the plant Cycas, including its systematic position as a gymnosperm in the division Cycadophyta. It describes key aspects of the Cycas plant body such as its short, tuberous stem covered in tough leaf bases that bears a crown of large fern-like leaves. The document outlines the structure and development of Cycas female cones and ovules, which have an erect structure with a micropyle opening and integument layer that becomes stony during seed formation. References on gymnosperms and the genus Cycas are also provided.
Ectocarpus is a genus of brown algae found worldwide in marine and some freshwater environments. It grows as delicate, highly branched filaments attached to rocks. The thallus has a prostrate system that attaches to the substrate and an erect system of branches. Growth occurs through intercalary meristems. Ectocarpus reproduces asexually through haploid zoospores produced in one-celled or many-celled sporangia, and sexually through isogamous or anisogamous gametes that fuse to form diploid zygotes. This alternates between a haploid gametophyte generation and diploid sporophyte generation in its life cycle.
Definitions and mcqs on branches of Biology by Sajid Ali TalpurDr. Sajid Ali Talpur
The document defines 30 branches of biology and provides 30 multiple choice questions related to those branches. It discusses fields like zoology, botany, microbiology, genetics, ecology, and others. It also provides the answers to the multiple choice questions.
1. It is widely agreed that the plant kingdom arose from A)Eumycota..pdfarishmarketing21
1. It is widely agreed that the plant kingdom arose from A)Eumycota. B)Chrysophyta.
C)Phaeophyta. D)Rhodophyta. E)Chlorophyta.
2. A universal feature of the life cycle of plants is A)morphologically identical haploid and
diploid stages. B)genetically identical haploid and diploid stages. C)alteration of generations
between heteromorphic haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes. D)All of the above
E)None of the above
3. Several evolutionary adaptations to land are shared by all plants. These shared adaptations do
not include A)waxy protective coverings. B)support against gravity. C)means of taking up water
from the soil. D)protective structures for the new sporophyte. E)water transport by xylem.
4. Ferns are in which phylum? A) Lycophyta B) Anthocerophyta C) Hepatophyta D) Pterophyta
E) Bryophyta
5. The bryophytes are dependent on water for reproduction because A) sperm are passively
transported to eggs by water. B) gametogenesis only occurs when the plants are moist. C) eggs
and sperm are released into water and then unite. D) sperm must swim through water to reach
and fertilize eggs. E) None of the above
6. All plants produce __________ by mitosis and __________ by meiosis. A)spores, gametes
B)gametes, gametes C)gametes, spores D)spores, spores E)spores, gametes and spores
7. In a heterosporous life cycle, the microspore develops into the _____ gametophyte, while the
megaspore develops into the ______ gametophyte. A)female, male B)male, female C)diploid,
haploid D)haploid, diploid E)None of the above
8. Asexual reproduction in liverworts is accomplished by A)gametophytes. B)spores. C)gemmae.
D)tracheids.
9. You are walking along a roadside and find a plant with the following characteristics: very thin
waxy cuticle, stomata, simple leaves in whorls around a central stem, independent sporophyte
and gametophyte, sporangia in strobili. This plant is most likely a member of which of the
following phyla? A)Bryophyta B)Sphenophyta C)Pterophyta D)Lycophyta
10. Plants differ from algae in that only plants A)are photosynthetic. B)are multicellular.
C)possess chlorophyll. D)have multicellular embryos protected by the parent. E)are eukaryotic.
11. Which statement about the alternation of generations in plants is not true? A) The plant life
cycle is characterized by diploid and haploid forms. B)Meiosis occurs in sporangia. C)Gametes
are always produced by meiosis. D)The zygote is the first cell of the sporophyte generation.
E)The gametophyte and sporophyte differ genetically.
12. The most abundant gymnosperm phylum today is A) Cycadophyta. B) Ginkgophyta. C)
Gnetophyta. D) Coniferophyta. E) None of the above
13. Coniferous gymnosperms, such as pines, depend primarily on __________ for pollination;
thus, the plants produce large quantities of pollen that disperse over large areas during the spring.
A) insects B) birds C) water D) wind E) mammals
14. An evolutionary trend that runs throughout the plant kingdom is that the sporophyte
generation ___ and .
HSB Multiplechoice Questions (CSEC 2016)Joemar James
This document contains multiple choice questions from chapters 1-7 of a biology textbook covering topics like cell structure and function, movement of substances, photosynthesis, nutrition, human digestive and respiratory systems. Each chapter contains 10 questions testing knowledge of key concepts and processes in the respective areas.
This document contains a biology exam with 44 multiple choice questions covering topics like biological organization, elements that make up living organisms, cell structures, plant and animal classification, evolution, and plant physiology. The questions test fundamental concepts in these subject areas and each question is followed by the correct multiple choice answer.
Class 11 Important Questions for Biology - Kingdom PlantaeInfomatica Academy
Here you can get Class 11 Important Questions for Biology based on NCERT Textbook for Class XI. Biology Class 11 Important Questions are very helpful to score high marks in board exams. Here we have covered Important Questions on Kingdom Plantae for Class 11 Biology subject.
Both fungi and algae are eukaryotes. Fungi are heterotrophs that lack chloroplasts and can be multicellular with coenocytic hyphae. They store food as glycogen and include examples like mushrooms, yeasts, and molds. Fungi are important decomposers and sources of antibiotics. Algae are classified based on pigments and can be unicellular or multicellular. They contain chloroplasts and store food as starch. Some fungi cause diseases in plants and humans while others are used to make antibiotics, alcohol, and mushrooms are eaten.
This document contains 100 multiple choice questions related to aquaculture and fisheries. The questions cover topics such as aquatic species, breeding techniques, diseases, fishing gear, and more. They range from identifying the year a technique was discovered to selecting the scientific name of a particular organism. The correct answers are indicated by letters a-d after each question.
1- Which of the following is NOT a challenge plants face on land- a- O.pdfcitychoice1
1. Which of the following is NOT a challenge plants face on land?
a. Overabundance of Nutrients
b. Lack of water
c. Gravity
2. Zooxanthellae algae produce sugars and oxygen through photosynthesis. They provide
some of these products to the surrounding coral and in return are provided with nutrients
and shelter. What is the term for the relationship seen between zooxanthellae algae and the
coral in which they live?
a. Endosymbiosis
b. Competition
c. Cyanobacteria
d. Hydroid synthesis
3. What distinguishing feature separates heterotrophs from autotrophs?
a. Heterotrophs live in aquatic environments.
b. Heterotrophs require sunlight to produce sugars.
c. Heterotrophs must eat other organisms to survive.
d. Heterotrophs and autotrophs are different names for the same organism.
4. In which structure of the chloroplasts will you find most of a plant's chlorophyll?
a. Inner membrane
b. Stroma
c. Outer membrane
d. Thylakoid
.
The document contains multiple choice questions related to biology. Some key details include:
- Questions cover topics like parasites, insect reproduction, frog development, human anatomy, and more.
- There are 93 questions total with 4 possible answer choices for each question.
- The questions test knowledge of biology concepts as well as anatomical and physiological details.
This document is a biology assignment from Delhi Public School in Bopal, Ahmedabad for Class 9 students. It covers the topic of diversity in living organisms, focusing on the plant kingdom. The assignment includes multiple choice questions to test knowledge of the classification of different plant groups. It also provides fill-in-the-blank and short answer questions requiring students to differentiate plant types, state their key features, and provide scientific names. The assignment aims to enhance students' understanding of the plant kingdom and taxonomy of major plant groups.
This slide show the mcqs about frog https://biology-learning-point.nl/
Frogs are cold-blooded animals. What is the scientific term for cold-blooded animals?
How do frogs primarily respire ?
21- What are arbuscles- a- sexual structures of basidiomycetes b- sexu.pdf7n7shop
21. What are arbuscles? a. sexual structures of basidiomycetes b. sexual structures of
ascomycetes c. symbiotic structures found in many lichens d. parasitic structures e. none of the
above 22. In which group would you expect budding cells? a. Ascomycota b. Basidiomycota c.
Zygomycota d. Glomeromucata e. all of the above 23. What is one of the main differences
between mosses and ferns? a. In mosses, the gametophyte dominates. b. In mosses, the
sporophyte dominates. c. In ferns, the two generations remain fused together. d. Ferns have a
protonema stage. e. Moss sperms from the male gametophyte have to swim to the female
gametophyte. 24. What do conifers have? a. pollen, but no seeds b. embryos but no microspores
c. seeds but no fruits d. cones but no ovules e. none of the above 25. Which of the following is
not correct for mosses? a. They have an alternation of generations. b. They are vascular plants. c.
The gametophyte is the dominant generation. d. The gametophyte develops from a protonema. e.
Female gametophytes produce archegonia. 26. Anthers are found in which of the following
groups? a. monocots b. mosses c. ferns d. Svcadaphyta e. all of the above 27. Which of the
following groups have vascular tissue? a. monocots b. horsetails c. ferns d. Gveadaphyta e. all of
the above 28. Which of the following would you expect to find in an octopus? a. The mouth
forms after the blastopore develops into the anus. b. radial cleavage c. There is no mesoderm d.
determinate cleavage e. an incomplete digestive system 29. In which group would you expect to
find a medusa stage? a. Polychaeta b. Cnidaria c. centipedes d. Gastropoda e. tapeworms 30.
Which characters are shared by echinoderms and corals? a. no excretory system b. radial
symmetry c. no respiratory system d. no head e. all of the above 31. Most animals are a. both
triploblastic and with bilateral symmetry. b. both triploblastic and with radial symmetry. c. both
diploblastic and with radial symmetry. d. both diploblastic and with bilateral symmetry. e. none
of the above 32. Protostomes have both a. radial and spiral cleavage. b. determinate and spiral
cleavage. c. determinate and radial cleavage. d. indeterminate and spiral cleavage. e. triploblastic
and radial cleavage. 33. Which of the following would you not find in insects? a. Malpighian
tubules b. two pairs of antennae c. compound eyes d. a tracheal system e. an open circulatory
system 34. Spiders differ from insects by having a. segmentation b. an open circulatory system c.
an abdomen d. an exoskeleton e. book lungs 35. What is the gas exchange system in insects
called? a. Malpighian tubules b. book lungs c. external gills d. tracheal system e. complete
metamorphosis 36. Insects have the same number of antennae as a. spiders b. millipedes c.
centipedes d. crustaceans e. both b and c 37. Which arthropod groups have more legs than
insects? a. spiders b. crustaceans c. centipedes d. millipedes e. all of the above 38. In order to
become fully .
The document contains a 50 question quiz on topics related to agriculture and fisheries. The questions cover various topics such as plant and animal reproduction, evolution, selective breeding, fish diseases, and animal adaptations. Sample questions include identifying examples of crustaceans, defining what occurs during the process of natural selection, defining what a species is, and identifying physical adaptations in animals. The questions test knowledge of key terminology and concepts across several domains related to agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture, and biology.
Biological science Comprehensive LET ReviewerKendral Flores
1. The kidney maintains osmotic balance by filtering excess material from the blood.
2. At the end of mitosis, the cell divides through cytokinesis where a new cell wall is formed.
3. A boring tool would first encounter xylem, then vascular cambium, and then phloem when drilling into a tree.
This document contains a revision test with multiple choice and short answer questions about biological classification and the living world. Some of the questions test scientific names of organisms, rules of nomenclature, taxonomic ranks, and key characteristics of domains, kingdoms, and phyla. The document aims to help students review and reinforce their understanding of taxonomy, biological classification systems, and distinguishing features of major organism groups.
This document contains 14 multiple choice questions about biology. The questions cover topics like structures in plants that produce gametes, examples of how bacteria can be beneficial, fossil evidence that is considered intermediate between reptiles and birds, examples of fungi, implications of nucleic acids being complicated molecules, structures that seeds contain, fungal structures that result from sexual reproduction, examples of organisms that could have a pellicle structure, the scientist that showed amino acids can polymerize abiotically, plants that flourished along with dinosaurs, examples of archaea, examples of algae with spiral chloroplast arrangements, and implications of finding a Mesozoic era fossil in your backyard.
1 what characteristic synpomorphy do your expect at 10 a.pdfacmcollection
1) what characteristic/ synpomorphy do your expect at #10?
a) water vascular system
b) dorsal nerve cord
c) blind gut
d) secondarily lost coelom
e) blastopore forms the mouth 1st
2) what characteristic or synapomorphy do you expect #11?
a) polysaccharide tunic
b) ventral nerve cord
c) skull
d) somites
e) neural crest tissues
3) what characteristic or synpmorphy do you expect at #4?
a) septate hypae
b) coenocytic hypae
c) stores carbohydrates as glycogen
d) chitin in cell walls
e) desmosomes and gap junctions
4) what taxonomic group do you expect at #14?
a) phylum nematoda
b)phylum cnardia
c) phylum platyhelminthes
d) phylum annelida
e) phylum arthropoda
5) what taxonomic group do you expect at #17? a) phylum nematoda
b) phylum mollusca
c)phylum platyhelminthes
d)phylim annelida
e) phylum arthropoda
6) what taxonomic group do you expect at #15?
a) phylum nematoda
b) phylum mollusca
c)phylum platyhelminthes
d)phylim annelida
e) phylum arthropoda
a) phylum nematoda
b) phylum mollusca
c)phylum platyhelminthes
d)phylim annelida
e) phylum arthropoda.
This document contains 85 multiple choice science questions covering topics such as biology, chemistry, physics and earth science. The questions range from identifying organelles and scientific terms to calculations involving speed, force and chemical reactions. The final question asks which substance cannot be decomposed into simpler substances, with the correct answer being aluminum.
Ch-1 Reproduction in organisms -Biology NEET MCQ English Mediumnirav soni
This document contains 20 multiple choice questions about reproduction in organisms. The questions cover topics like asexual reproduction methods in planaria and bryophyllum, vegetative propagation in plants, the lifecycle of hydra, cloning, chromosome numbers during plant reproduction processes like in endosperm and gametes. The questions test understanding of key concepts like budding, regeneration, cloning, syngamy, and chromosome numbers during sexual reproduction in flowering plants.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
1. Dr. Sumia Zafar
Professor and Head,
Department of Botany,
Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for
Women, Aurangabad-431001
MCQs
Algae
1. Algae are
a) Autotrophic b) Heterotrophic
c) Semi parasite d) None of these
2. The term algae was first used by
a) Adolf b) Linnaeus
c) Fritsch d) Darwin
3. Algae plants called as Autotrophs because of presence of
a) Branches b) Protein
c) Chloroplast d) Many cells
4. The study of algae is called
a) Bacteriology b) Mycology
c) Phycology d) Biology
5. The algae growing on rocks or stone is known as
a) Lithophytes b) Epiphytes
c) Floating d) Submerged
6. The algae growing on land known as
a) Aquatic b) Terrestrial
c) Parasitic d) Epiphytic
7. The algae growing on branches as large trees are termed as
a) Semi aquatic b) Epiphytic
c) Toxic algae d) Submerged
8. The algae growing inside roots of higher plants termed as
2. a) Superficial b) Epiphytic
c) Endophytic d) Terrestrial
9. The cell wall of algae is made up of
a) Lipid b) Mucilage
c) Cellulose d. Pectin
10. The algae in association with fungal partners form
a) Actinomycetes b) Algal fossils
c) Lichens d) None of these.
11. Which one is present in all the algae?
a) Chloroplast b) Lipid
c) Pyrenoids d) Vacuoles
12. The zoospores of algae are the product of ……………
a) Fragmentation b) Asexual reproduction
c) Vegetative reproduction d) None of these
13. The algae which occur in seas water is known as ……………
a) Freshwater algae b) Marine algae
c) Submerged algae d) Aquatic algae
14. Some algae causes diseases of plant are called as ………..
a) Parasitic algae b) Saprophytes
c) Symbiotic algae d) None of these
15. The function of chlorophyll in algae is …………..
a) Transpiration b) Photosynthesis
c) Respiration d. Storage of food
16. Certain blue algae form beneficial relation with fungus in lichen is
termed as…………………..
a) Parasitic algae b) Saprophyte
c) Symbiotic algae d) None of these
17. Which algae is used as food?
a) Batrachospermum b) Chara
c) Sargassum d) Botrydium
2. Which algae is used as fodder?
a) Botrydium b) Nostoc
c) Chara d) Laminaria
3. Which algae is the source of agar agar powder
a) Chara b) Sargassum
3. c) Gelidium d) Batrachospermum
4. Which of the following is prepared from Laminaria
a) Alginic acid b) Citric acid
c) Protein d) Vitamins
5. Which is the source of artificial wool in Japan
a) Chara b) Laminaria
c) Sargassum d) Fucus
6. Which algae takes part in nitrogen fixation
a) Chara b) Botrydium
c) Nostoc d) Sargassum
9. The function of chlorophyll in algae is
a) Transpiration b) Photosynthesis
c) Respiration d) Storage of food
10. Certain blue green algae from beneficial relation with
fungus in lichen termed as
a) Parasitic algae b) Saprophytic
c) Symbiotic algae d) None of these
11. When algae reproduce by fusion of two exactly
similar gametes is termed as
a) Oogamous b) Isogamous
c) Unisogamous d) Ascogenous
12. In case of oogamous type of sexual reproduction in
algae the female gamete is
a) Motile with flagella b) Like zoospore
c) Motile d) Non-motile
1) Which one is an is autotrophic
a) Algae b) Cercospora
c) Rhizopus d) Agaricus
2) All the algal plant kept under group
a) Thyllophyta b) Schizophyta
c) Lichens d) Viruses
3) In which group of plants embryo is absent
a) Angiosperms b) Bamboo
c) Pea d) Algae
4) The simplest green plants are
4. a) Angiosperms b) Algae
c) Gymnosperms d) Fucus bengalensis
5) Which one occur in fresh as well as marine water
a) Zygnema b) Cladophora
c) Grinnellia d) Polysiphonia
6) The algae grow in hot water around 700
C temperature in termed as
a) Aquatic algae b) Epiphytic algae
c) Thermal algae d) Symbiotic algae
7) The wet land turns slippery because of growth of
a) Blue green algae b) Dark green algae
c) Yellow green algae d) Red algae
8) The algae occur in secretary cells of Hydra is
a) Zoo chlorella b) Anabaena
c) Nostoc d) Chlamydomonas
9) Which one shows heterotrichous habit
a) Stigeoclonium b) Botrydium
c) Pandorina d) Nostoc
10) The thick walled non motile asexual spores are termed as
a) Oospore b) Hypnospores
c) Zygospore d) Zoospore
11) A thick walled , non flagellate spore of algae are termed as
a) Aplanospores b) Amylum star
c) Conidium d) Oogonium
1)Which Autotrophs is kept under Thallophyta
a) Algae b) Cereals
c) Pulses d) Tamarind
2) The embryo absent in
a) Pisum b) Angiosperms
c) Algae d) Cumin
3) The gametes without cell wall are called
a) Meiogametes b) Nucule
c) Globule d) Archegonium
4) The pyrenoids are
a) Fatty substance b) An Amino acid
c) A protein coated by starch d) Sugar molecule
5. 5) The stored food in most of algae is
a) Amino acids b) Starch & oil
c) Protein d) Vitamins
6) How many pyrenoids occur in Chlamydomonas?
a) Three b) Two
c) Five d) One
8) The type of sexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas is
a) Isogamous b) Oogamous
c) Unisogamous d) Parthenogenesis
9) The gametes produce by Chlamydomonas are
a) Uniflagellate b) Biflagellate
c) Multiflagellate d) Non-flagellate
10) The Spirogyra occur in
a) Stagnant fresh water b) Water streams
c) Marine water d) None of these
11) The Spirogyra is commonly known as
a) Horse tail b) Pond silk
c) Water net d) Water bloom
1) Which of the following is pond silk?
a) Chara b) Spirogyras
c) Nostoc d) Volvox
2) In spirogyras the food is stored in
a) Pyrenoid b) chloroplast
c) Cell wall d) None of these
3) The spirogyras reproduce sexually by method of
a) Conjugation b) Binary fission
c) Oogamous method d) None of these
4) The Spirogyras reproduce sexually by fusion of
a) Two similar non motile gametes
b) Two similar non motile gametes
c) Two similar non motile gametes
d) Two similar non motile gametes
5) In which of the following archegonium is absent
a) Spirogyara b) Marchantia
c) Anthoceros d) Equisetum
6. 6) The scalariform conjugation occur in
a) Spirogyara b) Chondrus
c) Pithophora d) Nostoc
7) In Spirogyara, the result of conjugation is the formation of
a) Spore b) Zygospore
c) Zoospore d) Oogonium
8) In Spirogyara, meiotic division occurs in
a) Zygote b) Antheridium
c) Archegonium d) Conidium
1) Which of the following occurs in running fresh water?
a) Merismopedia b) Rivularia
c) Ulothrix d) Gloeocapsa
2) The Ulothrix is attached to the sub structures with the help of
a) Cap cells b) Hold fast
c) Sheath d) Girdle
3) The basal cell of Ulothrix is devoid of
a) Chlorophyll b) Cytoplasm
c) Ribosomes d) protein
4) How many chloroplast occur in each cell of Ulothrix
a) Two, spherical b) Three rectangular
c) One, girdle shaped d) None of these
5) A greatest energy in utilized by Ulothrix during the process of
a) Movement b) Meiosis
c) Respiration d) None of these
6) Mostly the filament of Ulothrix consist of
a) 33 cells b) 34 cells
c) 35 cells a) 36 cells
7) How many zoospores are produced in each cell of Ulothrix Filament?
a) Ten b) Five
c) Two d) One
8) In which of the following Palmella stage occurs
a) Nostoc b) Ulothrix
c) Hydrodictyon d) Chlamydomonas
9) Initially the zygote of Ulothrix is
a) Monoflagellate b) Biflagellate
7. c) Triflagellate d) Quadra flagellate
10) The sporangia and gametangia of Ulothrix are
a) Non jacketed and unicellular b)
c)d)
1. Which of the following is important group of thallophytes?
a) Bryophytes b) Algae
c) Fungi d) Bacteria
2. The study of algae is termed as
a) Phycology b) Psychology
c) Gymnosperm d) Pedology
3. Which of the following component occur compulsory in algae?
a) Thick wall b) Toxin
c) Chlorophyll d) None of these
4. The habit of the most of the algal forms is
a) Aquatic b) Aerial
c) Floating d) Terrestrial
5. The Zygnema and Spirogyra are commonly called as
a) River weed b) Pond scum
c) Floating flowers d) None of these
6. Which of the following is the greater part of vegetation in sea water?
a) Bryophytes b) Pteridophytes
c) Algae d) Gymnosperms
7. The algae growing attached to the substratum may have
a) Spherical shape b) Hold fast
c) Dome shaped cell d) Chlorophyll
8. Which of the following help in attachment of thallus to the
substratum?
a) Multinucleated cells b) Setae
c) Trichomes d) Hold fast
9. The unicellular or colonial forms of algae collectively called as
a) Phytoplankton b) Aquatic algae
c) Schizomycetes d) Actinomycetes
1. The algae which grow on branches of aquatic or aerial plants termed
as
a) Epiphytic b) Saprophytic
8. c) Aquatic d) Parasitic
2. Which of the following is an epiphytic alga?
a) Nostoc b) Anabaena
c) Oedogonium and Bulbochaetae d) Spirogyara
3. If the algae grow on animal body or shell s of snail is termed as
a) Epiphytic b) Epizoic
c) Aerial d) Saprophytic
4. Which of the following are epizoic algae?
a) Cladophora b) Nostoc
c)Volvox d) Batrachospermum
5. When the algae grow inside the other plants tissue in termed as
a) Endophytic algae b) Epizoic
c) Aerial d) Saprophytic
6] The algae grow with other organism for beneficial purpose, such
algae described as
a) Parasitic b) Aquatic
c) Symbiotic algae d) Semi-parasitic
7. The mutual beneficial association of algae with fungus in lichens
thallus is termed as
a) Symbiosis b) Chlorosis
c) Pathogenesis d) Fusion
8. Which of the following in unicellular, microscopic algae
a) Volvox b) Chlamydomonas
c) Chara d) Spirogyara
9. Which of the following are parasitic algae?
a) Polysiphonia b) Botrydium
c) Zygnema d) Chlorella
10. Which of the following algae has length of several hundred feet?
a) Oedogonium b) Diatoms
c) Macrosystis d) Polysiphonia
1. The non-motile, unicellular algae is
a) Chlamydomonas b) Chlorella
c) Volvox d) All of these
2. Which one is most highly develop marine algae?
a) Fucus b) Nitella
9. c) Chara d) Batrachospermum
3. Because of presence of chlorophyll the algae plants are describe as
a) Saprophytic b) Autotrophic
c) Parasitic d) Heterotrophic
4. Which of the pigment is most common in algae?
a) Chlorophyll b) Fucoxanthin
c) Phycoerythrin d) Yellow pigments
5. Which type of pigment is dominant in brown algae?
a) Carotene b) Xanthophylls
c) Fucoxanthin d) Phycoerythrin
6. The dominant pigment of red algae is
a) Anthocyanin b) Phycoerythrin
c) Fucoxanthin d) None of these
7. The dominant pigment of blue green algae is
a) Phycocyanin b) Anthocyanin
c) Phycoerythrin d) Fucoxanthin
8. The unicellular algae reproduce mainly by
a) Vegetatively b) Fission or cell division
c) Asexually d) Sexually
9. A flagellated, naked protoplasmic mass produced asexually by algae
is termed as
a) Zoospore b) Oospore
c) Ascospore d) Hypnospores
10. Which of the following also known as resting spore
a) Aplanospores b) Hypnospores
c) Hormogonia d) Resting spores
11. Which type of spore are produce by algae when there is lack of
sufficient water
a) Aplanospores b) Zoospore
c) Cysts d) Hormogonium
1. The alkanets or resting spore or hypnospores are produced by algae
during
a) Cool whether b) Hot weather
c) Sexual reproduction d) Cool winds
10. 2. Sexual reproduction by union of morphologically similar gametes is
termed as
a) Isogamous b) Unisogamous
c) Oogamous d) None of these
3. When the union of two dissimilar gamete takes place, the sexual
reproduction formed as
a) Unisogamous type b) Isogamous
c) Oogamous d) None of these
4. When the male gamete is small and flagellated and female gamete is
large spherical non flagellate,the fusion between such gametes termed as
a) Isogamous b) Unisogamous
c) Oogamous d) None of these
6. On the basis of pigmentation, Fritsch (1935) divided algae into
a) Seven classes b) Ten classes
c) Twelve classes d) Fourteen classes
7. Which class of algal do not consists of true nuclei?
a) Chlorophyceae b) Cyanophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae d) Phaeophyceae
8. The algae of which class reproduce by fission method
a) Myxophyceae b) Chlorophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae d) Phaeophyceae
1. Which class of algae do not reproduce by sexual reproduction
a) Myxophyceae b) Chlorophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae d) Phaeophyceae
2. The dominant pigments of Cyanophyceae algae are
a) Xanthophylls b) Chlorophyll-a
c) Phycocyanin and phycoerythrin d) Chlorophyll-b
3. Which class of algae possesses combining characters of plants and
animals?
a) Chlorophyceae b) Rhodophyceae
c) Phaeophyceae d) Euglenophyceae
4. Which one occurs in algae of Euglenophyceae?
a) Amylum stars b) A Prominent eye spot
c) Many nuclei d) Prokaryotic nucleus
5. Which pigment is dominant in algae of class Chlorophyceae?
11. a) Phycocyanin b) Phycoerythrin
c) Chlorophyll d) Carotene
6. Which is the product of assimilation of algae of Chlorophyceae
group?
a) Oil and fat b) Starches and sugar
c) Aminoacides d) Vitamins
7. Which of the following class of algae consists of complex thalli?
a) Myxophyceae b) Phaeophyceae
c) Chlorophyceae d) None of these
9] Which pigment is responsible for green colour of algae?
a) Xanthophylls b) Carotene
c) Erythrine d) Phycoerythrin
2] The dominant pigment occur in members of Chrysophyceae is named
as
a) Phycochrysin b) Carotene
c) Xanthophylls d) Phycocyanin
3] The reserve food of algae of Chrysophyceae class is
a)Amino acids b) Protein
c) Fat and leucosin d) Starch
4] The algal members of which class consists of silicified cell walls
a) Xanthophyceae b) Chlorophyceae
c) Bacillariophyceae d) Phaeophyceae
5] The Bacillariophyta are also termed as
a) Diatoms b) Sea weeds
c) Water blooms d) None of these
6] Which of the thallus of algae consists of ornamented symmetrical
valves?
a) Protococcus b) Pithophora
c) Nereocystis d) Diatoms
7] The diatoms are commonly known as
a) Blue green algae b) Golden brown algae
c) Red algae d) Green algae
8] Which of the pigment is responsible for golden brown colour of
algae?
a) Yellow chromatophores b) Chloroplast-b
12. c) Carotene d) All of these
9] Which type of sexual reproduction occur in Bacillariophyta
a) Oogamous b) Isogamous
c) Unisogamous d) Conjugation
10] Presence of two large chloroplasts in each cell is characteristics
feature of class
a) Cryptophyceae b) Chlorophyceae
c) Bacillariophyceae d) Phaeophyceae
1] Which of the following group consists of mostly marine algae?
a) Chlorophyta b) Phaeophyta
c) Myxophycophyta d) None of these
2] The algae of Phaeophyceae is commonly known as
a) Red algae b) Yellow algae
c) Green algae d) Brown algae
3] Which pigment is dominant in algae of class Phaeophyceae?
a) Fucoxanthin b) Phycochrysin
c) Xanthophylls d) Carotene
4] The member of phaeophyta group also termed as
a) Pond spawns b) Sea weeds
c) Floating forms d) parasitic algae
5] Which type of pigment is dominant in algae of class Rhodophyceae?
a) Phycoerythrin b) Yellow pigment
c) Anthocyanin d) Carotene
6] The photosynthetic product of algae of class Rhodophyceae is
a) Mannose b) Floridean starch
c) Fat d) Protein
7] Which group of algae shows protoplasmic connections?
a) Rhodophytes b) Phaeophyta
c) Bacillariophyta d) Chlorophyta
8] The type of sexual reproduction in rhodophyta is
a) Isogamous b) Unisogamous
c) Oogamous d) Binary fission
9] The alternation of generation is common in algal members of class
a) Chlorophyta b) Rhodophyta
c) Phaeophyta d) Bacillariophyta
13. 1] Which of the following is the class of fossil group of algae?
a) Rhodophyceae b) Phaeophyceae
c) Bacillariophyceae d) Nematophyceae
2] Who have been classified algae in to 7 divisions?
a) Smith ,G.M.,(1955) b) Fritsch F. E. (1972)
c) Tilden J. E. (1945) d) Prescott, G. W.(1920)
3] Which class of algae consists of most primitive and simplest thalli?
a) Cyanophyceae a) Rhodophyceae
b) Phaeophyceae c) Bacillariophyceae
4] The algal thalli of class Cyanophyceae commonly called as
a) Blue green algae b) Red algae
c) Yellow green algae d) None of these
5] Which of the following are blue green algae?
a) Chara b) Anabaena
c) Batrachospermum d) Botrydium
6] In which class of algae, the pigments are not located in definite
chromatophores
a) --------------------------
7] Presence of prokaryotic nucleus is distinguishing feature of class
a) Phaeophyceae b) Chlorophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae d) Cyanophyceae
8] In which class of algae sexual reproduction is absent
a) Cyanophyceae b) Phaeophyceae
c) Rhodophyceae d) Bacillariophyceae
9] Which of the algal thallus enclosed in slime or gelatinous sheath
a) Nitella b) Chara
c) Nostoc d) Coleochaetae
10] Because of extensive growth of charophytes in water the colour
turns to
a) Pea soup colour b) Dirty brown colour
c) Fresh green colour d) Light violet colour
1] The charophytes or myxophytes are also termed as
a)Water blooms b) Water net
c) Parasitic algae d) Terrestrial algae
14. 2] Few species of cyanophycean grow at temperature of 77 C 0
is termed
as
a) Resistant algae b) Thermal algae
c) Phytoplankton d) Saprophytes
3] Almost all the member of Cyanophyceae group embedded in
a) Protein sheath b) Gelatinous sheath
c) Thin cellular membrane d) None of these
4] If the algal thallus consists of single row of cells it is termed as
a) Trichome b) Unicellular algae
c) Filamentous algae d) None of these
6] The trichomes are unbranched in
a) Pandorina b) Chlamydomonas
c)Nostoc d) Sargassum
7] Which of the following algae show false branching?
a) Scytonema b) Anabaena
c) Vaucheria d) Fucus
8] The cell wall of Cyanophyta consists of
a) Polysaccharide b) Cellulose and pectin compounds
c) Oil d) None of these
11] In which class of algae, motile cells are absent through its life cycle
a) Cyanophyceae b) Hydrodictiaceae
c) Vaucheriaceae d) None of these
1] During vegetative reproduction of members of Cyanophyta, the main
filament break into pieces, those are termed as
a) Aplanospores b) Hormogones
c) Akinete d) Hypnospores
4] Which of the following occur in all charophytes except Oscillatoria?
a) Heterocyst b) Cell wall
c) Cytoplasm d) Chloroplast
5] The position of heterocyst in Rivularia is always
a) Apical b) Basal
c) Sub-terminal d) Middle
6] In Nostoc the position of heterocyst is
a) Intercalary b) Apical
c) Basal d) Sub-terminal
15. 7] The wall of heterocyst is
a) Double layered b) Multilayered
c) Single layered d) Triple layered
8] How many polar molecules occur in intercalary heterocyst of Nostoc?
a) Four b) Three
c) Two d) One
9] How many polar molecules occur in heterocyst of terminal position?
a) One b) Three
c) Four d) Two
1] Which of the following are very ancient organisms on the earth?
and among the first green things
a) Blue green algae b) Bryophytes
c) Pteridophytes d) Protozone
2] The algae of which class causes foul odors of city water reservoirs
a) Chlorophyta b) Cyanophyta
c) Rhodophyta d) Phaeophyta
3] Which of the following are unicellular non-motile forms of algae?
a) Vaucheria b) Anabaena
c) Chlorococcus d) Chlamydomonas
4] Presence of definite stratification of mucilaginous sheath of is the
distinguishing features of
a)Nitella b) Gloeocapsa
c) Fucus d) Laminaria
5] The arrangement of cells in thallus occur in perfectly vertical and
transverse rows of cells occur in
a) Coleochaetae b) Merismopedia
c) Chara d) Botrydium
6] Which of the following is strictly non filamentous
a) Pandorina b) Batrachospermum
c) Chlorococcus d) Vaucheria
7] In which algae, the reproduction takes place by formation of
exospores
a) Chamaesiphon b) Chara
c) Nostoc d) Sargassum
8] Which of the following consists of unbranched filamentous thallus?
16. a) Oscillatoria b) Anabaena
c) Chlorococcus d) Zignema
1. Nostoc is the member of
a) Chlorophyta b) Cyanophyta
c) Bacillariophyta d) Rhodophyta
2. The Nostoc thallus is
a) Unbranched c) Branched
b) Unicellular d) None of these
3. Many filaments of Nostoc bounded by layer of mucilage is termed as
a) Nostoc Filament c. Chloroplast
b) Nostoc balls d. Aquatic weed
4. All the vegetative cells of Nostoc are similar in size and shape except
a) Heterocyst b) Polar cell
c) Middle cell d) Terminal cell
5. The vegetative reproduction in Nostoc takes place by formation of
a) Spore b) Zoospore
c) Hormogones d) Cyst
6. The function of heterocyst is
a) Fixation of nitrogen c) Water absorption
b) Respiration d) None of these
7. The specialized cells of Nostoc filament known as
a) Somatic cell b) Vegetative cell
c) Heterocysts d) None of these
8. The heterocyst consists of swelling at the poles called
a) Tubercle b) Granule
c) Polar nodules d) None of these
9. Nostoc is a
a) Green algae b) Red algae
c) Blue algae d) Blue green algae
10. Which of the following is absent in Nostoc.
a) Sexual b) Asexual
c) Vegetative d) None of these
11. The Nostoc filament break into a number of bits called
a) Arthrospore b) Akinete
c) Filament d) hormogones
17. 12. Which one is commonly used as bio fertilizer in rice field?
a) Chara b) Botrydium
c) Nostoc d) Batrachospermum
1. The habit of algae Chara is
a) Free floating b) Submerged
c) Terrestrial d) Epiphytic
2. The Chara is popularly known as ………………….
a) Aquatic alga b) Alga
c) Stone wart d) None of these
3. The branches of limited growth of Chara.
a) Leaves b) Flower
c) Petal d) Stem
4. In case of Chara nodes &internodes present in
a) Branches of limited growth b) Branches of unlimited growth
c) At the region of rhizoids d) None of these
5. In Chara, growing apex of each branch of unlimited growth consists
of
a) Rectangular cell b) Convex cell
c) Dome shaped cell d) Elongated cell
6. The small out growths produced at nodal region in Chara known as
a) Bulbil b) Protonema
c) Amylum star d) None of these
7. Which type of sexual reproduction occurs in Chara
a) Binary fission b) Isogamous
c) Oogamous d) Unisogamous
8. The star shaped structures develop at rhizoidal region of Chara known
as
a) Ribosomes b) Amylum stars
c) Plastids d) Granules
9. The amylum stars consist of
a) Amino acid b) Protein
c) Lipid d) Starch
10. The male gamete of Chara is known as
a) Nucule b) Amylum star
c) Globule d) Trichome
18. 11. The female gamete of Chara is known as
a) Nucule b) Amylum stars
c) Globule d) None of these
12. In Chara, manubrium is a part of
a) Rhizoid b) Stem
c) Female gamete d) Male gamete
13. The water which is rich in ………….. is more suitable for growth of
Chara.
a) MgSo4 b) CaCo3
c) FeSo4 d) NaCl
14. The corona cells occurs at the top of
a) Nucule b) Globule
c) Limited growth branch d) Unlimited growth branch
15. In Chara, position of globule is always
a) On adjacent branch b) Lateral side of nucule
c) Below the nucule d) Upper to the nucule
16. The corona of nucule in Chara consists of
a) Five cells b) Six cells
c) Four cells d) Seven cells
17. Why the surface of Chara appears rough
a) Deposition of MgSo4 b) Deposition of CaCo3
c) Deposition of Nacl d) Deposition of FeSo4
18. Which one is absent in cells of Chara
a) Chloroplast b) Pyrenoid
c) Nucleus d) Cytoplasm
19. Which type of reproduction is absent in Chara
a) Asexual b) Sexual
c) Vegetative d) None of these
20. The shape of chloroplast in cells of Chara is
a) Membranous b) Discoid
c) Convex d) Spherical
21. The sexual reproduction in Chara is of
a) Isogamous type b) Oogamous type
b) An-isogamous type d. None of these
22. The Chara is a
19. a) Terrestrial b) Epiphytic
c) Marine d) Fresh water algae
1. The Batrachospermum is commonly known as
a) Glomerule b) plant
c) Juvenile d) Frog spawn
2. The Batrachospermum belongs to the group
a) Chlorophyta b) Cyanophyta
c) Rhodophyta d) Bacillariophyta
3. Batrachospermum in ………. Algae.
a) Marine b) Fresh water
c) Polluted water d) None of these
4. How many types of branches occur in Batrachospermum?
a) Three b) One
c) Two d) None of these
5. The immature form of Batrachospermum is known as
a) Juvenile stage b) Adult stage
c) Embryonic stage d) None of these
6. The juvenile form of Batrachospermum consists of
a) Glomerule b) Carpogonia
c) Simple branched filaments d) Cystocarps
8. The cluster of branches arises at nodal region of Batrachospermum is
termed as
a) Carpogonia b) Glomerule
b) Cystocarps d) None of these
9. The glomerule consists of
a) Branched long filaments b) Unbranched long
filaments
c) Branches of unlimited growth d) Branch of limited
growth
10. The mature Batrachospermum morphologically appear like a
a) Straight chain b) Thread like
c) Beaded chain d) Branched filaments
11. In cell of Batrachospermum the chromatophores are situated towards
a) Central region b) Middle region
c) Peripheral region d) Sub central region
20. 13. Which is the dominant pigment of Batrachospermum?
a) Phycocyanin & phycoerythrin b) Chlorophyll –a
&carotenoids
c) Xanthophylls & Chl-a d) Chl-b & carotenoids
14. How many pyrenoids present in each cell of Batrachospermum
a) One b) Many
c) Two d) Three
15. The female reproductive organ of Batrachospermum is known as
a) Oogonium b) Procarps
c) Ascogonium d) Cystocarp
16. The terminal hair like Structure of female gametes of
Batrachospermum is known as ……
a) Tail b) Filament
c) Thread d) Trichogyne.
17. Which of the following is a result of sexual reproduction in
Batrachospermum?
a) Procarp b) Carpogonium
c) Cystocarp d) None of these
18. The Juvenile stage of Batrachospermum is known as
a) Gonimoblast b) Sporophyte
c) Chantransia d) Carposporophyte
19. In Batrachospermum the gametes are developed on
a) Branches of unlimited growth b) Branches of glomerule
c) At the nodal region d) In the axil of branches of unlimited
growth
1) The chloroplast occur in Zygnema is
a) Spherical b) Filamentous
c) Pear shaped d) Star shaped
3) How many chloroplast occur in each cell of Zygnema
a) One b) Two
c) Three d) Four
4) The chain like conjugation occurs in
a) Zygnema b) Volvox
c) Oedogonium d) Anabaena
21. 5) Which of the following algae appear extremely beautiful because of
their form & symmetry?
a) Chlamydomonas b) Desmids
c) Botrydium d) Chara
6) The connection zone between two symmetrical halves of desmids
termed as
a) Isthmus b) Midrib
c) Wall d) Apex
8) The function of statolith in desmids is
a) Respiration b) Balancing of organism
c) Reproduction d) Locomotion
9) The balanced movement of desmids in water is termed as
a) Oscillatorial movement b) Circular movement
c) Brownian movement d) None of these
10) The shape of chloroplast occur in Closterium is
a) Lobed b) Oval
c) Lanceolate d) pear shaped
1) Which of the following algae produces branched creping rhizoids?
a) Botrydium b) Caulerpa
c) Clostridium d) Batrachospermum
2) The thallus of Caulerpa is
a) One celled b) Two celled
c) Many celled d) None of these
3) The internal structure of rhizome of Caulerpa shows cylindrical
skeletal strands known as
a) Trabaculae b) Trichome
c) Wall d) Sheath
4) The traberculae in rhizoids of Caulerpa arise from
a) Macrosome b) Ribosome
c) Nucleus d) Microsomes
5) Which of the following algae consist of lime encrusted cell wall?
a) Vaucheria b) Caulerpa
c) Chlamydomonas d) Coleochaetae
7)In which of the following algae pyrenoids are absent
a) Spirogyara b) Chlamydomonas
22. c) Chara d) Vaucheria
8) Which of the following compound multiflagellate zoospores are
formed?
a) Botrydium b) Vaucheria
c) Chlamydomonas d) Desmids
9) Which of the following algae resemble the feathers of birds?
a) Bryopsis b) Sargassum
c)Vaucheria d) Batrachospermum
10) The members of Chryophyceae are commonly called as
a) Stonewort’s b) Sea weeds
c) Frog spawn d) None of these
11) The branched thalli consist of nodes &internodes are the members of
class
a) Phaeophyceae b) Rhodophyceae
c) Xanthophyceae d) Chryophyceae
1) Which of the following algae is called as Stone warts?
a) Batrachospermum b) Chara
c) Rivularia d) Ectocarpus
3) Why the charophytes are called as stone warts
a) Because of deposition of mucilage on plant body
b) Because of presence of many cells in plant body
c) Because of presence of many ribosomes in plant body
d) Because of deposition of lime on plant body
5) Which pigment is dominant in the members of Xanthophyceae?
a) Xanthophylls b) Carotene
c) Phycoerythrin d) Phycocyanin
6) Which of the following is the member of Xanthophyceae?
a)Botrydium b) Ulva
c) Oedogonium d) Codium
7) How is the habit of Botrydium?
a) Aquatic b) Epiphytic
c) Terrestrial d) Acetabularia
8) The balloon shaped aerial portion of thallus occur in
a) Nostoc b) Botrydium
c) Rivularia d) Ectocarpus
23. 10) The members of Phaeophyceae also termed as
a) Red algae b) Green algae
c) Brown algae d) Yellow algae
11) The extensive growth of Sargassum found at
a)Cool ocean b)Warmer tropical seas (Atlantic ocean)
c) Temperate regions d) None of these
1)The large sized thalli of Laminaria are also termed as
a) Paradesmos b) Kelps or rockweed
c) Horse tail d) Water net
2) Which one are the largest algae known to science?
a) Macrocystis pyrifera b) Chara
c) Sargassum d) Fucus
3) Which pigments are dominant in the algae members of Phaeophyceae
Group?
a) Fucoxanthin and phycophein b) Xanthophylls
c) Chlorophyll –b d) None of these
4)The gamete producing plant of Ectocarpus is
a) Haploid b)Diploid
c) Triploid d) None of these
6) Which term is used for clustering of several male gametes around
female gamete in Ectocarpus?
a) Clamp connection b) Clump formation
c) Binding d) Fusion
8) Which of the following algae are inhabitants of cooler waters of the
globe?
a) Laminariales b) Chlorococcales
c) Charales d) Siphonales
9) The members of order Laminariales are popularly known as
a) Kelps b) Water net
c) Frog spawn d) None of these
10) To which algae the name Devils apron is used
a) Fucus b) Laminaria
c) Sargassum d) Ectocarpus
11) In Japan the food is derived from Laminaria which is known as
a) Ketchup b) Butter
24. c) Kambu d) None of these
1) Different genera of Laminaria used as a source of
a) Iodine b) Sulphur
c) Potassium d) Silver
2) Which of the order of algae characterizes by the absence of
alternation of generation?
a) Fucales b) Hormogonales
c) Volvocales d) Ulotrichales
3) The genus Fucus is commonly known as
a) Water spawns b) Water net
c) Fresh water weeds d) Sea weeds
4) The cylindrical stalk like portion of Fucus is termed as
a) Stalk b) Stipe
c) Wing d) Branch
5) The dichotomously branched expanded thallus of Fucus is termed as
a) Frond b) Rocky ledge
c) Colonial algae d) Water silks
6) The expanded air filled vesicles present on thallus which is known as
a) Pouches b) Cavity
c) Pneumatocysts or air bladders d) None of these
7) In certain species of Fucus, a dot like structures occur as the thallus
that are termed as
a) Cystocarp b) Cryptostomata
c) Glomerule d) Whorl
8) Which of the following bear antheridia in Fucus vesiculosus
a) Unbranched paraphysis b) A branched paraphysis
c) Setae d) None of these
9) The genus Sargassum in commonly known as
a) Sea weeds b) Frond
c) Rocky ledge d) Water silks
10) The genus Diatom included in the class
a) Oscillatoriaceae b) Sphaerellaceae
c) Bacillariophyceae d) Caulerpaceae
11) Which of the following algae occur as a yellow scum on surface of
mud?
25. a) Diatom b) Sphaerella
c) Oedogonium d) Codium
1) The resting spores produced by diatoms of are also termed as
a) Statospores b) zoospore
c) Aplanospores d) auxospores.
2)Which of the following red algae grow as Polysiphonia as parasite
a) Choreocolax b) Cladophora
c) Chara d) Vaucheria
3)In which red algae ,the photosynthetic pigments are completely absent
a) Choreocolax b) Ulva
c) Volvox d) Ulothrix
4) Which is the dominant pigment occur in red algae
a) Phycoerythrin b) Xanthophylls
c) Carotene d) None of these .
5) Which of the following algae is the member of Rhodophyceae?
a) Batrachospermum b) Ulva
c) Ectocarpus d) Draparnaldia
6) Which of spores produced singly in the sporangia borne upon
charantia stage of Batrachospermum?
a) Monospores b) Cysts
c) Heterocyst d) Aplanospores
7)A jelly like agar agar powder used for culture of fungi & bacteria is
prepared from
a) Gracilaria b) Cladophora
c) Vaucheria d) Protococcus
8) Which of the following red algae used for making soups
a) Porphyra b) Oedogonium
c) Spirogyra d) Anabaena
9) Which of the following red algae called as sheep’s weed?
a) Rhodymenia b) Fucus
c) Codium d) Sargassum
1. The non motile thick walled cells of Ulothrix are called
a) Cyst b) Akinete
c) Aplanospores d) Zoospores
2. The meiosis in Ulothrix takes place in the
26. a) Zygospore b) Zoospore
c) Spore d) Conidium
3. The genus spirogyra is more advanced than Ulothrix because
a) In spirogyra has external fertilization.
b) In spirogyra has no fertilization.
c) In spirogyra reproduce by asexual reproduction.
d) In spirogyra has internal fertilization.
4. In semi drying conditions of environment Ulothrix produces
a) Gametes b) zoospore
c) cysts d) hypnospores
5. The Vaucheria belongs to
a) Xanthophyceae b) Myxophyceae
c) Rhodophytes d) Phaeophyceae
6. The dominant pigment in Phaeophyceae is
a) Fucoxanthin b) Xanthophylls
c) Carotene d) Anthocyanin,
7. The stored food material of Rhodophyceae is
a) Amino acid b) Floridean starch
c) Protein d) Fatty acid
8. The genus Batrachospermum is a
a) Blue algae b) Yellow algae
c) Green algae d) Red algae
9. The phycoerythrin is present in
a) Chlamydomonas b) Polysiphonia
c) Dictyota d) Rivularia
10. The auxospores are produced by
a) Gloeocapsa b) Cladophora
c) Ectocarpus d) Diatoms
11. The blue green also called as
a) Yellow algae b) Cyanobacteria
c) Bacteriophages d) Rhodophytes.
12. The blue green algae cells are
a) Eukaryotes b) Anucleate
c) Prokaryotes d) None of these
1. The pigment common in blue green algae is
27. a) Phycocyanin b) Fucoxanthin
c) Phycoerythrin d) Xanthophylls
2. The distinct characteristic feature of blue green algae is
a) Absence of gelatinous sheath
b) Absence of gelatinous sheath
c) Presence of gelatinous sheath
d) Absence of nucleus none of these
3. Heterocysts occurs in
a) Ulothrix b) Enteromorpha
c) Nostoc d) Draparnaldia
4. The heterocysts are
a) Colourless &thick walled
b) Green and thin walled
c) Brown and thin walled
d) Red and no wall
5. Which one in the class of Oscillatoria
a) Chlorophyta b) Cyanophyta
c) Basicilliriophyte d) Rhodophytes
6. Which type of reserve food present in Oscillatoria?
a) Amino acid b) Glycogen
c) Vitamins d) Sugar
7. The Nostoc thalli are
a) Branched b) Filamentous
c) Highly branched d) Unbranched filamentous
8. The Nostoc colonies are usually found
a) Enclosed within gelatinous sheath
b) Enclosed in a hard shell
c) Enclosed in starchy liquid
d) Enclosed in thin membrane.
11. Which of the following are protein rich algae?
a) Spirulina b) Chara
c) Nitella d) Nostoc
12. Generally the water bloom is caused by.
a) Dark green algae b) Red algae
c) Yellow algae d) Blue green algae
28. 1. The algal flora which do not have well constructed nucleus are
a) Blue green algae b) Green algae
c) Violet algae d) Yellow algae
4. The purpose of use of Chlorella in space is for the supply of
a) O 2 b) CO2
c) Heat d) water
5. The iodine in extracted from
a) Laminaria b) Acetabularia
c) Codium d) Sargassum
6. The phenomenon of change of colour of blue green algae according to
the wavelength of light is termed as
a)guadikov .
7. Which algae responsible for red snow ball in alpine region.
a) Haematococcus, Chara , Fucus, Ulva
8. All algal floras consists of
a) Chlorophyll a & carotene b) only xanthophylls ,
erythrocyanin , none of these
9. In algal flora the aplanospores are produced during
a) Both favourable &unfavorable condition. only during
favourable condition
Only during unfavorable condition, none of these
10. The thin walled non motile spore are termed as
1. a) Aplanospores. Aplanospores, zoospores , cysts, hypnospores/
1. Which are absent in chloroplast of algae
a) Grana. , pigments, wall, none of these
2. In case of Chlamydomonas the gametes are differ from zoospores
a) Can unit b) larger than zoospores c) uniflagletted d) none of these
3. The spirogyra is commonly called as
a) Pond scum. water net, water bloom frog spawn
4. In spirogyra during sexual reproduction two cells of two different
filament conjugate which is termed as-
a) Scalariform conjugation. parthenogenesis, fusion, none of
these
5. In which of the following hold fast is present for attachment purpose.
a) Chlamydomonas b) Ulothrix
29. c) Eudorina d) Nostoc
6. The Ulothrix produce microspores which are
a) Uniflagellate b) Biflagellate
c) Triiflagellate d) Quadriflagellate
7. When a plant is having two types of diploid and one type of haploid
structure in its life history it is termed as-
a) Diplobiontic b) Trilobiontic
c) Haplobiontic d) None of these
8. The process of photosynthesis occur in algae is due to
a) Anthocyanin b) Chlorophyll “a” & “b”
c) Phycoerythrin d) Phycocyanin
9. Which of the following is more advanced algae?
a) Bacillariophyta b) Cyanophyta
c) Rhodophyta d) Phaeophyta
10. Which one are the colourless parasitic algae.
a) Harveyella b) Phycophyta
c) Rivularia d) Macrocystis
1. Which algae is used for the construction of sound proof rooms
a) Diatoms. Diatom, sphaerella, cladophore, zonaria
2. Which is endophytic blue green algae which live in protozones.
a)Cynallae. Cynallae, enteromorpha, coleocheta, laminaria
3. The cells of Cyanophyta algae move by
a) Gliding movement. Gliding movement , creaping
movements , climbing movement , none of these
4. The blue green algae consists of filaments which are called as-
a) Trichomes. Trichomes, thallus , stems , none of these
6. The see turns red colours because of growth of algae.
a) Trichodesmium erythreaum
Volvox aureus
Enteromorphous intestinalis
Postelsia palmaeformis
9. Which of the following algae shows best origin and evolution of sex.
a) Green algae Green algae , red algae, yellow algae , brown
algae
30. 17] The juvenile stage of Batrachospermum is known as
_____________
a) Gonimoblast c) Chantransia
b) Sporophyte d) Carposporophyte
18] In Batrachospermum the gametes are developed on
_________________
a) Branches of unlimited growth b) Branches of glomerule
c) At the nodal region d) In the axil of branches of unlimited
growth
Which one is a marine algae?
Sargassum
1] The Sargassum is commonly known as
a) Water net b) Iris moss
c) Gulf weed or sea weed d) Frog spawn
2] Sargassum is the member of
a rhodophytes c) chlorophyta
b) cyanophyta d) Phaeophyta
3] Most of the species of Sargassum are
a) Lithophytes c) epiphytes
b) Symbionts d) terrestrial
4] Which is the part of attachment of Sargassum thallus.
a) Branched filaments , c) dome cells ,
b) Hold fast d) none of these
5] Sargassum resemble a
a) Mycoplasma c) Herbaceous plant
b) Fungi d) Bacteria
6] The leaf like structure of Sargassum are
a) Tertiary laterals c) Primary laterals
b) None of these d) Secondary laterals
7] Bladders occur in
a) Sargassum c) Botrydium
b) Nostoc d) Batrachospermum
8] The function of bladders in Sargassum is for
a) Transpiration c) Evaporation
b) Respiration d) None of these
31. 9] The outermost layer of axis of Sargassum is known as
a) Cortex c) Meristem
b) Medulla d) None of these
10] which type of reproduction is absent in Sargassum.
a) Sexual c) Vegetative
b) Asexual d) None of these
11] Vegetative reproduction in Sargassum takes place by formation of
a) Zoospores c) Fission
b) Fragmentation d) Aplanospores
12] The type of sexual reproduction occurs in Sargassum is
a) Oogamous c) Unisogamous
b) Isogamous d) None of these
13] The sex organs in Sargassum occur in special structures called
a) Pustule c) Stroma
b) Conceptacles d) Tuber
14] The alternation of generation absent in
a) Nostoc c) Botrydium
c) Sargassum d) None of these
16] Batrachospermum is commonly known as
a) Water net c) Water bloom
b) Frog spawns d) None of these
1. The shape of upper most cell of oscillation filament is.
a) Dome shaped b) Rectangular
c) Pyriform d) Square
2. In Which algae the arrangements of cells resemble a row of coin?
a) Nostoc b) Codium
c) Polysiphonia d) Oscillatoria
3. The filament of Oscillatoria shows oscillatorial movement which is
also termed as
a) Gliding & bending movement b) Creeping movement
c) Ejecting movement d) None of these
4. Which of the algae reproduce only by vegetative reproduction?
a) Chara b) Sargassum
c) Oscillatoria d) Ulva
32. 5. In Case of Oscillatoria the hormogones are formed due to
a) Biconcave separation disc b) Conical separation disc
c) Disjuncture occurs d) None of these
6. The heterocysts & resting spores are absent in
a) Chlamydomonas b) Oscillatoria
c) Volvox d) Chara
7. Which of the following algal plant are bent in the form of a regular
spiral
a. Spirulina b) Fucus
c) Ulva d) Laminaria
8. Which of the following shows false branching?
a) Oscillatoria b) Tolypothrix
c) Nostoc d) Ulothrix
9. In which algae the false branching arises between two
heterocysts.
a) Scytonema b) Anabaena,
c) Chara d) Batrachospermum
1. The whip like apex of thallus occur in-
a) Oedogonium b) Zygnema
c) Gloeocapsa d) Rivularia
2. In which algae there is a regular formation of akinete.
a) Gloeotrichia b) Zonaria
c) Ectocarpus d) Dictyota
3. Which of the following algae grow in the thallus of Anthoceros-
a ) Ulva b) Vaucheria
c) Nostoc d) Bryopsis
4. The Nostoc filament consists of cell exactly similar in size & shape
except –
a) Heterocyst b) somatic cells
c) Dome cell d) Cap cells
5. Which of the following algae found in roots of Cycas-
a) Anabaena b) Oscillatoria
c) Eudorina d) Hydrodictyon
33. 6. The Nostoc is enveloped by firm gelatinous sheath & Anabaena
enveloped by-
a) Thin calcium coat b) Extremely watery
gelatinous sheath
c) Thick silicified sheath d) None of these
7. Which of the flowing in characterized by presence of large spore
with a papillate outer wall-
a) Cylindrospermum b) Sargassum
c) Bryopsis d) Codium
1. Which group of algae capable of fixing of atmospheric nitrogen?
a) Rhodophytes b) Basicilliriophyta
c) Phaeophyta d) Cyanophyta
1. The algal members of class Chlorophyceae is also termed as-
a) Grass green algae b) red algae
c) Yellow algae d) blue algae
2. Which are of following algae is marine alga of chlorophycease
1. Ulva Ulva , Ficus, chloamydomous , Ectocarpus
3. Which of the following algae found in bodies of certain primitive
animals
2. Chlorella Chlorella, Chara, Nitella, Ulothrix
4. Which algae grow on snow & giving the snow a reddish blue.
3. Chlamydomonas. Chlamydeous, Draparnaldia, Zygnema,
Caulerpa
5. Which member of Chlorophyceae causes red rust disease of tea.
4. Cephaleuros virescens
6. From which group of algae the bryophytes and other higher
groups of green plants evolved –
a. Chlorophyceae.
1. Which of the following is unicellular algae-
5. Chlamydomonas Chlamydeous, Oedogonium, Cladophora,
Spirogyara
2. Which of the following is multicellular algae & unbranched?
6. Ulothrix, Botrydium, Chlamydeous , None of these
34. 3. The colonies of which algae called as coenobium?
1. Nostoc Nostoc , Chara, Sargassum, Ulothrix
4. The colony of Nostoc consists of definite number of cells, it is
termed as-
a. Coenobium
5. The cell wall of algae of Chlorophyceae group consists of
a. Cellulose & pectin Cellulose , and pectin , maltose, glucose ,
filthy acid
6. In which algae the cells may be indefinite and arranged in net-like
masses-
2. Hydrodictyon
3. Hydrodictyon, Nostoc , diatom , Ulva
7. The green alga Ulva is also termed as-
4. Sea-lettuce Sea-lettuce , water net, frog spawn , none of these
8. Which alga is the most highly organized plant in Chlorophyceae?
5. Chara Chara, chloamydomous, Pandorina, Ulothrix
9. In Chlamydomonas a small coloured area occur at the anterio-
lateral side which is termed as-
6. Red eye spot Red eye spot, pyrenoid, vacuole , ribosomes
10. In case of Volvox & Eudorina, the cells in the thallus
connected to each other with the help of
7. Plasmodesmata Plasmodesmata , cellulose wall, thin membrane,
none of these
1. In case of Chloamydomous, a nodule like structure present at the
base of flagella which in termed as-
Blepharoplasts Blepharoplasts, disc, hold fast , none of
these
2. How many contractile vacuoles occur in Chlamydomonas
Two Two, one, three , many
3. What is the function of contractile vacuole
a. Respiration & Excretion Respiration and excretion, locomotion,
reproduction ,none of these
4. Which of the following occur in Chlamydomonas
35. Eye spot Eye spot, pyrenoid, blepharoplasts , nodules
5. The shape of chloroplast occur in Chlamydomonas is
Cup shaped Cup shaped, pyriform, rectangular , spherical
6. How many pyrenoids occur in Chlamydomonas?
Only one Only one, two, many , four
1. How many daughter Chlamydomonas are developed form are
present plant.
2,000,0002,000,000 -- 1000,000-- 3,000,000— None
of these
7. In favourable condition asexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas
takes place by formation of –
2. Zoospores Zoospore, chlamydeous, oospores , none of these
8. In unfavorable condition asexual reproduction in Chlamydomonas
takes place by formation of –
Aplanospores Aplanospores , abnormal spore, small spores ,none
of these
10. Which of the following is intermediate stage of reproduction in
Chlamydomonas?
a) Palmella stage b) juvenile stage
c) Mature stage d) none of these
1. The Palmella stage of Chlamydomonas frequently appear red
due to
a) Xanthophylls b) Chl-a
c) Haemotachrome d) Chl-b
2. The Chlamydomonas commonly occur in
a) Marine water b) Stagnant water
c) Water stream d) Water fall
3. Which of the following alga in which Palmella stage occur.
a) Chlamydomonas b) Nostoc
c) Ulva d) Sargassum
4. The common thing in all chlorophyta is presence of
a) Heterocysts b) Motile cells
36. c) Non-motile cells d) Palmella stage
5. Which groups of algae play major role in purifying water by
releasing oxygen.
a) Charophytes b) Cyanophyta
c) Phaeophyta d) Rhodophytes
6. Which of the following algae used as food by human beings.
a) Chlamydomonas b) Botrydium
c) Ulva d) None of these
7. The green marine algae together with red algae play major part
in formation of-
a) Ocean shell b) Oceanic reefs
c) Pearls d) none of these
1. The algae of order Volvocales is also termed as
a) Rolling algae b) Marine algae
c) Red alga e d) None of these
2. Which of the following is also termed as unicellular Volvocales?
a) Botrydium b) Chlamydomonas
c) Caulerpa d) Codium
3. Which of the following is termed as multicellular Volvocales?
a) Batrachospermum b) Fucus
c) Volvox d) Macrosystis
4. How many types of cells occur in Volvox?
a) Two b) Three
c) Many d) Four
5. How many pyrenoids occur in cells of Volvox?
a) Two b) Numerous
c) Three d) Four
6. Which of the following helps in attachment of cells to each other
in a colony?
a) Plasmodesmata b) Setae
c) Paraphysis d) Cell wall
7. What type of sexual reproduction occurs in Volvox.
Oogamous
37. 8. The female gamet of Volvox is termed as
a) Oospore b) Ascogonium
c) Gynogonidia or oogonia d) None of these
9. The male gamete of Volvox is termed as
Androgonidia or antheridia Androgonidium or antheridium, male
branch , oospore, none of these
10. Usually the Volvox colony consists of
60,000 cells60,000 cells , 60,00 cells, 60,0 cells , 60 cells
11. The sexual reproduction in Pandorina is of
Unisogamous. Un-isogamous , isogamous , oogamous, none of
these
a.
12. What type of sexual reproduction occurs in Edorina.
Oogamous Oogamous, conjugation , binary fission , none of these
Which of the following is a colonial algae
Pleodorina Pleodorina , Nostoc , Ulothrix , Ulva
a.
1. The coenobium of which algae consists of polygonal cells.
Pediastrum Pediastrum , focus, Spartina, Tolypothrix
a.
2. In which alga the cells are arranged in the form of star shaped
plats.
Pediastrum Pediastrum, Volvox , Sargassum, spirogyra
a.
3. In which alga the peripheral cells bear tufts of gelatinous bristles.
Pediastrum Pediastrum , Caulerpa, Oedogonium, Codium
4. The thallus of which algae resemble a sieve like mash?
Hydrodictyon Hydrodictyon, Volvox, Pandorina, Ulva
a.
a.
5. The Hydrodictyon is commonly known as
38. Water net Water net, frog spawn, epiphytic algae, none of these
a.
6. Which type of sexual reproduction occurs in Hydrodictyon?
a. Isogamous Isogamous, Unisogamous, oogamous, none of
these
a.
7. The coenobium of Pandorina consists of
16-32 cells16-32, 20-22 cells, 10-32 cells , 24-40 cells
a.
8. Which of the following is having one celled, spherical outline,
single nucleus, and cup shaped chloroplast without pyrenoid.
chlorella Chlorella, Botrydium, diatom, none of these
a.
9. Which type of antibiotic is prepared Chlorella.
Chlorellin. Chlorellin, Penicillium, streptomycin, none of these
1. The antibiotic chlorellin is useful against.
Bacterial diseases Bacterial disease, root rot diseases , fungal
diseases , nematodal diseases
a.
2. The lowermost cell of Ulothrix is modified to rhizoid like structure
which is termed as.
Hold fast Hold fast, disc, dome cells, none of these
a.
a.
3. The girdle shaped chloroplast occur in
Ulothrix Ulothrix, Focus, Pandorina, Codium
a.
4. Quadriflagellate zoospores are produced in
Ulothrix, Nostoc, chlamydeous , none of these
5. Which of the following freshwater algae grow attached to
substratum.
Ulothrix Ulva , Chara, Botrydium none of these
a.
39. 6. This of the following displays an isomorphic alternation of
generation.
Ulva Enteromorpha, Sargassum, Batrachospermum, Ectocarpus
7. A hollow tube like thallus occur in
a. Enteromorpha
5554
8. The multicellular nature of algal thallus in the characteristic
feature of order.
Cladophorales Cladophorales, Charales, Siphonales, Oedogoniales
a.
9. There are two different forms of Coleochaetae, one is cushioned
from & another is
Discoid from Discoid farm, pyriform, linear form , none of these
10. The flask shaped female gannet of Coleochaetae is termed
as
Carpogonium. Carpogonium, egg, oogonium, none of these
a.
a.
1. The long neck like structure of carpogonium of Coleochaetae is
termed as
Trichogyne Trichogyne, setae, tail, branch
2. The finger like projections of basal cell of Oedogonium help in
attachment of thallus is termed as
Haptera Haptera, disc, dome cells, hold fast
a.
3. How many pyrenoids are present in Oedogonium cell
a. several
4. The Oedogonium filament possesses a number of parallel
transverse ring like markings called as
Cap cells Cap cells, basal cells, apical cells, linear cells
a.
5. Which of the following is the characteristic feature of
Oedogonium?
40. Cap cells. Cap cells, cell wall, presence of hold fast, unbranced
filaments
6. The unbranched species of Oedogonium is termed as.
Macrandrous Macrandrous, Nanandrous, floating, none of these
a.
7. The branched species Oedogonium is termed as.
Nanandrous Nanandrous, Macrandurous, fluffy, none of these
8. When the antheridia are produced in normal cell of filament, the
species of Oedogonium termed as
a. Macrandurous species Nanandrous species, submerged algae,
floating algae
9. If a special branch is formed for production of antherozoids, in
Oedogonium that species is termed as-
Nanandrous species Nanandrous species , Macrandrous species ,
fresh water species , none of these
10. In Oedogonium, the antherozoids producing special branch in
termed as-
Nanandrium. Nanandrium , antheridium, spermatium, none of these
a.
1. The Nanandrium of Oedogonium is also known as
Dwarf male Dwarf male , sperm, antherozoids, none of these
2. The mature oogonium of Oedogonium consists of a hyaline spot
which is termed as-
Receptive spot. Receptive spot , thick walled , spot, non coated
wall, none of these
a.
3. The characteristic feature of alga Bulbochaetae is –
Presence of long hair with swollen base. Presence of long hair
with swollen base , presence of short hair with swollen base
presence of coiled hair with base
Presence of cilia on algal wall
a.
4. The form of chloroplast occur is Spirogyara is –
41. Spirally twisted Spirally twisted , disc like, rectangular ,
spherically
a.
5. The Spirogyara is commonly called as –
a. Pond scum Pond scum, water net , frog spawn , none of these
6. Because of presence of slimy soft touch of walls of Spirogyara, are
also termed as-
a. Pond silk
7. How many pyrenoids occur in each cell of spirogyara?
a)One b)Numerous
c)Two d) None of these