This document contains 81 multiple choice questions related to viruses and viral diseases. The questions cover topics like the definition of viruses, their shapes and sizes, important discoveries in virology, and examples of specific plant, animal and human viral diseases. Some key scientists mentioned include Mayer, Jenner, Beijerinck, and Hershey & Chase. The questions are intended to test knowledge of basic virology concepts and history.

1. Dr. Sumia Zafar
Professor and Head,
Department of Botany,
Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for
Women, Aurangabad-431001
MCQs
Virus & viral diseases
1. Which of the following are acellular organisms?
a) Virus b) Bacteria
c) Mycoplasma d) Fungi
2. Which is true in case viruses?
a) Saprophyte b) Obligate parasites
c) Facultative parasite d) None of these
3. Which of the following reproduce only in the living cell?
a) Bacteria b) Mycoplasma
c) Virus d) Nematode
4. Which disease is reported by Mayer in 1886?
a) Tomato leaf curl b) Tobacco mosaic
c) Ring spot of cabbage d) Mosaic of radish
5. Which of the following is spherical shaped virus?
a) TMV b) Turnip mosaic virus
c) Polio virus d) PMV
6. Which of the following is tadpole like virus?
a) Bacteriophase b) Viroid
c) Poliovirus d) Ring spot virus
7. Which of the following is bullet shaped virus?
a) Bacteriophase b) Rhabdo virus
c) Turnip mosaic virus d) Tumor virus
8. Which of the following is cuboid or polyhedral shaped virus?
a) Tumor virus b) Ring spot virus
c) Viroid d) Prion
9. In which year pathogenic viroids were discovered?

2. a) 1968 b) 1969
c) 1967 d) 1970
10. A viroid is simply a pigment of
a) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b) Capsid
c) Ribonucleic acid (RNA) d) Protein
11. Which of the following is molecular mass of viroid?
a) 75-100 Daltons b) 750-100,0 Daltons
c) 7500-100,00 Daltons d) 75000-100,000 Daltons
12. A smallest virus is 80 times larger than
a) A viroid b) Bacterium
c) Mycoplasma d) Fungal cell
13. In which of the following viruses can multiply?
a) Cell surface b) Dead organic matter
c) Living host d) dead plant leaf
14. Who is pioneer to discover tobacco mosaic disease?
a) Iwanowski b) Theophrastus
c) Kirtikar d) Butler
15. Who discovered the vaccine for small pox disease?
a) Koch’s b) Levin hocks
c) Rajderkar d) Edward Jenner (1798)
16. Which is the term used for viruses that infect the plants?
a) Bacteriophases b) Phytophases
c) Viroid d) Mycophases
17. Which is the term used for viruses infecting fungi?
a) Mycophases b) Virons
c) Cocci d) None of these
18. Which is the term used for viruses infects yeast cells?
a) Phagocytes b) Viroid
c) Zygophases d) Bacteriophages
19. Which is the term used for viral particles?
a) Virons b) Inoculum
c) Pathogen d) None of these
20. How is the average diameter of viruses?
a) 12-300 m b) 14-15 m
c) 10-300 m d) 10-34 m

3. 21. How is the shape of tobacco mosaic virus?
a) Diplococcus b) Spherical
c) Spirillar d) Rod like
22. How is the shape of vaccinia virus?
a) Triangular b) Rectangular
c) Spherical d) Hexagonal
23. How is the shape of adenovirus?
a) Polyhedral b) Tetrahedral
c) Linear d) Spherical
24. Which of the following included in plant kingdom Monera?
a) Bicellular b) Acellular
c) Unicellular organisms d) Multicellular
25. Which type of organisms occurs in kingdom Monera?
a) Prokaryotes b) Eukaryotes
c) Thalloid d) Multicellular
26. Which one is the oldest living fossil?
a) Cyanobacteria b) Archebacteria
c) Parasitic bacteria d) Free living bacteria
27. What is the composition of cell wall of archebacteria?
a) Polysaccharide and protein b) Cellulose and pectin
c) Chitin and lipid d) Protein and lipid
28. Which of the following is archebacterium?
a) Xanthomonas b) E. coli
c) Methanobacterium d) Streptomyces
29. How is the shape of polio virus?
a) Tadpole shaped b) Polyhedral
c) Rod shaped d) Spheroidal
30. How is the shape of Bacteriophases?
a) Comma shape b) Globular
c) Tadpole shape d) Rectangular
31. Which of the following is bullet shaped viruses?
a) Rhabdovirus b) Bacteriophages
c) Mycophases d) Xanthomonas
32. Which of the following causes tungro disease of rice?
a) Bacteria b) Virus
c) Mycoplasma d) Fungus

4. 33. Which of the following is a viral disease?
a) Cigar end rot of banana b) Bunchy top of banana
c) Leaf spot of banana d) Root rot of banana
34. Which of the following is a source of transmission of small
pox virus?
a) Water b) Light
c) Air d) Soil
35. How is the transmission of potato virus X in the field?
a) Entomophilies b) Through air
c) Contaminated soil d) Direct contact
36. Which of the following is responsible for transmission of
bean mosaic virus?
a) Seeds b) Air
c) Water d) During harvest
37. Through which source transmission of virus causing hepatitis
is transmitted?
a) Air b) Water
c) Insect d) Soil
38. Which is the term used for viruses infecting algae?
a) Bacteriophages b) Phycophage
c) Microphages d) Viroids
39. Enzymes produced by a bacteriophases to make a hole in host
cell is termed as
a) Cellulase b) Pectinase
c) Lysozyme d) None of these
40. Infectious agents having a small RNA genome without protein
coat is termed as
a) Viruses b) Mycoplasma
c) Fungi d) Viroids
41. Viral protein without nucleic acid that can multiply themselves
and are infectious
are termed as
a) Prions b) Bacteriophages
c) Virus d) None of these
42. Which of the following is a viral disease?
a) AIDs b) Aspergillosis
c) T. B. d) Cholera

5. 43. Which is the term used for identical subunits of protein in viruses
a) Histone b) Capsomere
c) Fibrils d) Head
44. Lipoprotenaceous structural units of envelop surrounding the virus
is termed as
a) Lipid bilayer b) Cell wall
c) Plasma membrane d) Peplomers
45. Enzymes are absent in
a) Fungi b) Algae
c) Bacteria d) Virus
46. Which is the name of protective layer surrounding nucleic acid in
viruses?
a) Capsid c) Galactose
b) Lipoprotein d) Lipid
47. Who is pioneer to discover TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus)?
a) Edward Jenner (1798) b) Dmitry Ivanovsky 1892
c) Salvador Luria (1912) d) Alfred Hershey (1908)
48. Who developed the first vaccine?
a) Louis Pasture and Edward Jenner 19th
century
b) Carlos Finlay (1833)
c) C. M. Southam (1950)
d) Max Knoll (1887)
49. Who published a classification list of 129 plant viruses?
a) Carolus (1576 ) b)Holmes (1939)
c) Adolf Mayer (1886) d) M. W. Beijerinck (1898)
50. Which of the following helps in transmission of plant viruses?
a) Bed bud b) Snail
c) Leafhoppers d) Butterfly larvae
51. Virologist Harshey, Chase and Delbruck jointly awarded a Noble
Prize in 1969 for the discovery of
a) Structure of bacteriophages
b) Replication mechanism and genetic structure of virus
c) Tobacco Mosaic Structure
d) Structure of polio virus
52. The word virus is derived from a Latin word.
a) Pathogen b) Poison
c) Host d) Parasite

6. 53. Viruses that infect bacteria are known as
a) Mycophases b) Viroids
c) Virons d) Bacteriophases
54. Bacteriophases are discovered by
a) F. W. Twort (1915) & F. De Herelle (1916)
b) Mayer (1886)
c) Louis Pasture (1856)
d) Lemark (1812)
55. Which of the following are lytic bacteria?
a) Erwinia b) Pseudomonas
c) E. coli d) Xanthomonas
56. Which of the following is size of Bacteriophase?
a) 65 x 105 nm b) 65 x 95 nm
c) 65 x 85 nm d) 65 x 75 nm
57. Chemically the bacteriophases are
a) Proteins & amino acids b) Proteins & fatty acids
c) Proteins & nucleic acids d) Proteins & minerals
58. Protein coat of TMV is called as
a) Fibrils b) Capsid
c) Head d) Neck
59. Sub-unit of capsid is termed as
a) Capsomere b) Neck
c) Fibrils d) Nucleic acid
60. Which microscope is used for the study of internal structure of
viruses?
a) Binocular microscope b) Compound microscope
c) Simple microscope d) Electron microscope
61. A ultramicroscopic obligate parasite having DNA or RNA and
protein are termed as
a) Virus b) Fungi
c) Bacteria d) None of these
62. Peach leaf curl disease is caused by
a) Taphrina maculans b) Taphrina deformans
c) Papilloma virus d) BASV virus

7. 63. Which is the causal organism of papaya leaf curl?
a) Viral b) Mycoplasma
c) Bacteria d) Fungi
64. Which is the oldest known example of viral disease studied by
Carolus Clusius (1576?)
a) Tomato leaf curl b) Tulip colour breaking
c) Citrus canker d) Black arm of cotton
65. First time the peach yellow disease caused by virus is observed at
a) UK b) USA
c) UAE d) India
66. Actual study of plant disease causing viruses with scientific
investigations was started by
a) Ivanowski (1892) b) Adolf Mayer (1882-1886)
c) Carolus Clusius (1576) d) M. W. Beijerinck (1898)
67. Schultz & Murphy (1923) first time identified aphids as vectors of
a) Fungi b) Viruses
c) Mycoplasma d) Bacteria
68. Who discovered that the TMV infected plants contained antigenic
material
a) H. Purdy Beale (1928) b) Schultz (1923)
c) Murphy (1923) d) Baur (1904)
69. W. M. Stanly (1946) got Shared Noble Prize foe first time
invention of
a) Isolation of aminoacides
b) Isolation of lipids
c) Isolation of cell wall minerals
d) Isolation of crystalline protein
70. Who is first to observe TMV under electron microscope?
a) Kausche Pflankuch & Ruska (1939)
b) Schultz (1923)
c) Carolus Clusius (1576
d) W. M. Stanly (1946)
71. Which method of plant virus developed by K. Brakke (1951)
a) Serological methods
b) Density gradient of centrifugation
c) Tissue culture methods

8. d) Immunological methods
72. Hershey & Chase (1952) demonstrated the
a) Infection behaviour of TMV
b) Infection behaviour of bacteria
c) Infection behaviour of bacteriophages
d) Infection behaviour of Mycoplasma
73. An infective part of virus is
a) Only protein if TMV b) Only nucleic acid of TMV
c) Capsid of virus d) DNA of virus
74. Leaf dip method of electron microscopy developed by
a) Bancroft (1958) b) Williams (1944)
c) Bawden (1936) d) Brandes (1957)
75. Which fungus is a vector of viruses?
a) Olpidium brassicae b) Alternaria alternata
c) Sclerotium rolfsii d) Rhizoctonia solani
76. The wound tumor virus contain
a) r RNA b) mRNA
c) t RNA d) ds RNA
77. Who coined the term stellite virus?
a) Tsugita (1960) b) Horne (1959)
c) Kassanis (1962) d) Markham (1963)
78. Harrison et. al, (1971) classified the plant viruses in to
a) Fourteen groups b) Twelve groups
c) Ten groups d) Sixteen groups
79. Taylor and Robertson (1970) firstly reported transmission of
viruses through
a) Fungi b) Nematodes
c) Mycoplasma d) Viruses
80. The term Spiroplasma is firstly coined by
a) Robertson (1970) b) Diener T. O. (1971)
c) Devis et. al, (1972) d) Kassanis (1962)
81. Keese & Symons (1982) discovered
a) Bacteriophase b) TMV
c) Virusoids d) Phytoplasma
82. Prusiner (1984) honoured by Noble Prize in 1997 in medicines for
discovery of
a) Virus b) Prions

9. c) Virusoids d) Mycoplasma
83. Which one does not grow on medium?
a) TMV b) Bacillus
c) Rhizopus d) Cercospora
84. Maxwell (1993) determined the complete nucleotide sequence of
a) Tobacco mosaic virus b) Bean dwarf mosaic virus
c) Citrus greening virus d) Papaya mosaic virus
85. Fire A. N. & C. C. Mello awarded Noble Prize for work on
a) DNA damage b) Gene silencing
c) Gene isolation d) DNA repairing
86. Study of important diseases of forest trees initiated in
a) 1874 by Hartig b) 1874 by Johsan
c) 1874 by Kuhn d) 1874 by Hijwegen
87. Which one of the following can be precipitated?
a) Virus b) Bacteria
c) Mycoplasma d) Fungi
88. Which of the following do not grow on artificial media?
a) Algae b) Fungi
c) Virus d) Bacteria
89. Which of the following are highly resistant to adverse
environmental conditions?
a) Mycoplasma b) Bryophyte
c) Moulds d) Virus
90. The average size of virus is
a) 15 mu to 50 um b) 15 mu to 450 um
c) 15 mu to 410 um d) 15 mu to 45 um
91. Why the viruses are considered as non living
a) Because of absence of cytoplasm
b) Because of absence of nucleic acid
c) Because of absence of protein
d) Because of absence of RNA
92. Which group of pathogen can be controlled by control of insects?
a) Fungi b) Nematode
c) Bacteria d) Virus
93. Protective layer of viruses is known as
a) Capsid b) Cellulose
c) Lipoprotein d) Lipid