structures in C and Union in C, enumerated datatype
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1. definition, initialization, accessing structures 2. Union definition , syntax, examples 3. enumerated datatype
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![Definition of structures
• A structure is a collection of logically related
elements having a single name.
Syntax:
struct tag_name
{
type1 member1;
type2 member2;
……………
} empty or variable;
struct student
{
char name[10];
Int roll_number;
} s1;](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Preprocessor directives are commands that are executed by the C preprocessor before compilation. Common preprocessor directives include #include to add header files, #define for macros, #if/#elif/#else for conditional compilation, and #undef to remove macros. Standard input/output functions like printf(), scanf(), gets(), puts() handle formatted and unformatted console I/O. These functions allow reading user input from the keyboard and displaying output to the monitor.
Window object
The document summarizes various browser objects including the window, form, history, and date objects. The window object represents a browser window and has properties like closed, status, and location. It can be used to open new windows. The form object takes attributes like name, method, and action. The history object represents the browser history and has properties like next, previous, and current. The date object handles date and time values and has methods like getDate(), getMonth(), and setHours().
DTD elements
this presentation covers
1. declaring elements
2. control characters
3. dtd attributes and entities
Html
This document provides an introduction to HTML and discusses why learning it is important for careers in web design and development. It notes that associate degrees or certificate programs in subjects like web design and development can prepare students for entry-level jobs, while bachelor's degrees allow students to learn more advanced skills for jobs in web design, development, and other computer fields. Certificate programs typically include courses in HTML, Flash, JavaScript, and Perl and can help with career changes.
Css font
The document discusses CSS properties for fonts, text, background, positioning, and layers. It defines CSS properties like font-family, font-size, background-color, position, z-index and provides examples of how to use each one. Properties like font-family set the font, font-size sets the text size, background-color sets the background color, position controls element positioning, and z-index controls layer order for overlapping elements.
consumer oriented applications
This document discusses various consumer-oriented applications of personal finance management and home banking. It outlines basic services like ATMs, intermediate services, and advanced services. Basic services discussed ATMs and their cost savings. Advanced services discussed home shopping through television, catalogs both physical and online, and microtransactions for small information services. The key is giving customers control over their banking and purchasing.
architecture framework for ecommerce
The document describes an architecture framework for ecommerce applications consisting of 6 layers: 1) Application services with consumer, business, and intra-organization applications, 2) Brokerage and data management for service integration, 3) Interface layer providing catalogs and directories, 4) Secure messaging for communicating data, 5) Middleware services for interaction between systems, and 6) Network infrastructure including the World Wide Web as an architecture with protocols like HTTP, IP, and TCP. Communication between layers is enabled by protocols such as FTP, HTTP, SMTP, and SSL to securely transfer files and messages.
impact of ecommerce on traditional means
The document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of e-commerce. It also discusses various technical and non-technical limitations of e-commerce including lack of system security, rapidly changing software tools, high costs, and lack of customer trust in online transactions. Additionally, it outlines different types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer. Finally, it discusses the impact of e-commerce on traditional business models and the need for new integrated business and e-commerce goals.
electronic data interchange
This document discusses electronic data interchange (EDI) and outlines the key steps involved in a partially integrated EDI system. It also lists the pre-requisites for implementing an EDI system, including identifying needs, weighing costs and benefits, selecting partners, and planning implementation. Finally, it addresses some of the legal, security, and privacy issues related to EDI systems.
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This document discusses various consumer-oriented applications of personal finance management and home banking. It describes basic services like ATMs, intermediate services, and advanced services. Advanced services discussed include home shopping through television, catalogs, and microtransactions of information. The key benefits highlighted are avoiding lines, flexibility of banking anytime, and lower costs compared to manual processing.
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structures in C and Union in C, enumerated datatype
- 2. Definition of structures • A structure is a collection of logically related elements having a single name. Syntax: struct tag_name { type1 member1; type2 member2; …………… } empty or variable; struct student { char name[10]; Int roll_number; } s1;
- 3. Initialization of structures • Example struct student { char name[5]; int roll_number; } s1={“ravi”,10}; struct student { char name[5]; int roll_number; }; struct student s1= {“ravi”,10};
- 4. Accessing structures • Structures use a dot (.) operator to refer to its elements also known as period operator. • Syntax: structure_variablename.structure_membername
- 5. Example for accessing structures struct student { char name[5]; int roll_number; }; struct student s1= {“ravi”,10}; Accessing members using variables as: s1.name refers to string “ravi” s1.roll_number refers to roll_number 10
- 7. Definition of union • Union is a collection of variables referred under a single name. • Syntax and declaration of union is similar to a structure but its functionality is different. • In structures, each member has its own storage whereas all members of union use the same location.
- 8. Syntax and example union tag_name { type1 member1; type2 member2; …………… } empty or variable; union u { char c; int i; } a; Accessing members a.c a.i
- 10. Definition • An enumerated data type is a user defined data type which includes descriptive names also called enumerators. • Syntax enum type_name { member1; member2; …………… } empty or variable; enum color { RED; BLUE; GREEN; } c;
- 12. Definition • A pointer is a variable that points to a memory location in which data is stored. • Example: if v is a variable stored in memory, then to access the location of v, we define another variable pv. pv= &v; Address of v Value of v pv v
- 13. • In order to access the data of variable v, then *pv is used, where * is unary operator, called indirection operator. • For example: if we take another variable u, then to access the value we use: pv= &v; u= *pv;