Structure of Hemoglobin

1. Structure Of Hemoglobin
V.S.RASHMI PRIYEM
ULTRA’S BEST DENTAL
SCIENCE COLLEGE

2. HEMOGLOBIN
• CONJUGATED PROTEIN
• CONTAINING HEME AND GLOBIN
• TETRAMERIC ALLOSTERIC PROTEIN

3. HEME
• NON PROTEIN PART
• PROSTHETIC PART

4. GLOBIN
• APOPROTEIN PART

5. RBCs
• RED BLOOD PIGMENT IN ERYTHROCYTES

6. NORMAL CONCENTRATION
• MALES
▫ 14-16 g/dL
• FEMALES
▫ 13-15 g/dL

7. BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION
• ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATION
• DELIVERY OF O2 FROM LUNG TO TISSUES
• TRANSPORT OF CO2 AND PROTONS FROM
TISSUES AND LUNGS

8. SHAPE
• HEMOGLOBIN IS GLOBULAR IN SHAPE

9. HbA
• MADE UP OF
▫ 2 α CHAINS
▫ 2 β CHAINS
• NORMAL BLOOD CONTAINS 97% HbA

10. HbA2
• MADE UP OF
▫ 2 α CHAINS
▫ 2 δ CHAINS
• NORMAL BLOOD CONTAINS 2% HbA2

11. HbF
• MADE UP OF
▫ 2 α CHAINS
▫ 2 γ CHAINS
• NORMAL BLOOD CONTAINS 1% HbF

12. GENES RESPONSIBLE
• ALPHA CHAIN GENE IS PRESENT ON
CHROMOSOME 16
• BETA, GAMMA AND DELTA CHAIN GENES
ARE PRESENT ON CHROMOSOME 11

14. AMINO ACIDS
• EACH ALPHA CHAIN HAS 141 AMINO ACIDS
• EACH BETA, GAMMA AND DELTA CHAINS
HAVE 146 AMINO ACIDS
• ON A TOTAL HEMOGLOBIN CONTAINS 574
AMINO ACIDS

15. STRUCTURE OF HEME
• CONTAINS PORPHYRIN RING
• CONSISTS OF 4 PYRROLE RINGS LINKED BY
METHYLENE BRIDGES
• WITH IRON(FERROUS STATE) AT ITS
CENTER

16. STRUCTURE OF GLOBIN
• CONSISTS OF 4 POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS
• CONTAINS 574 AA RESIDUES

17. BUFFERING ACTION
• CONTAINS 36 HISTIDINE RESIDUES
• IMP. IN BUFFERING ACTION

19. DISTAL HISTIDINE
• 58TH AA IS HISTIDINE
• KNOWN AS DISTAL HISTIDINE
• AWAY FROM IRON ATOM

20. PROXIMAL HISTIDINE
• 87TH AA IS HISTIDINE
• KNOWN AS PROXIMAL HISTIDINE
• NEAR TO IRON ATOM

21. BONDING
• 4 SUBUNITS HELD TOGETHER BY NON-
COVALENT INTERACTIONS
• HYDROPHOBIC, IONIC AND HYDROGEN
BONDING

22. HYDROPHOBIC CLEFT
• THERE ARE 4 HEME RESIDUES PER Hb, ONE
FOR EACH SUBUNIT IN Hb
• HEME IS LOCATED IN A HYDROPHOBIC
CLEFT OF GLOBIN CHAIN