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Understanding Wellbeing
Week 2:Stress & Stress Management
 Outline what is meant by stress (1.1)
 Outline the purpose / usefulness of stress on the body (1.2, 2.2)
 Define a range of different types of stress and potential causes
and triggers (1.3, 3.1, 3.3)
 Identify short and long-term effects of stress on a person (2.1)
 Investigate the harms associated with prolonged stress and
potential symptoms (2.3, 2.4, 4.1)
Session 2 Objectives
 Use hand out 1 to informally reflect on and assess your own experience(s) of
stress. Complete this task individually.
 Discuss responses as a group and then use information recorded to answer 3.1
(p4) & 3.3 (p5). Make sure you read and answer the questions fully.
 Ask for hand out 2 and read the information provided. Use a highlighter to help
you focus on information relating to the following questions:
1.1 (p2) What is meant by ‘stress’
1.2 (p2) Outline the purpose of stress on the body
2.2 (p3) State why stress can be useful
 We will discuss suggested answers before you complete written responses
What is it & why is it?
Although it may be difficult to differentiate…we all experience different types of stress: 1.3 (p2)
Positive stress (Eustress) can provide us with a burst of adrenaline that can help us to focus and
achieve goals, or respond positively to certain situations.
Negative stress (Distress) prevents relaxation and can cause physical and psychological systems
to become overwhelmed and in some cases damaged.
In small groups you are now going to research 4 other specific types of stress. Each group will be
assigned a type of stress. Your group will need to:
 Review and research information (hand out 3)
 Produce an information sheet / poster
 Inform the rest of the class of your findings
Once each group has presented their findings
you can complete 1.3 (p2)
Different types of stress
 Short-term stress or…
Acute stress usually results from from specific events or situations that involve novelty,
unpredictability, a threat to the ego, and leave us with a poor sense of control. This ‘on the spot’
type of stress can be good for you because the stress hormones released help your mind and
body to deal with the situation.
 Long-term stress or…
Chronic stress usually results from repeated exposure to situations that lead to the release of
stress hormones. This type of stress can cause wear and tear on your mind and body. Many
scientists think that our stress response system was not designed to be constantly activated. This
overuse may contribute to the breakdown of many bodily systems.
Watch the following video and note down any words or phrases that will help us…
…2.1 (p3) identify and list effects of long and short-term stress on a person
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQj6GMrt8EE
The long and short of it…
Stress and particularly chronic stress can have a very damaging effect on
many systems and organs in the body.
Read the information provided in hand out 4. Fill in the blanks using the
information you have read. Ask for help if you need it.
Now complete 2.3 (p3), 2.4 (p3) and 4.1 (p5)
Ask you tutor to review your completed portfolio responses and file
additional worksheets in your additional evidence section
Symptoms and harm
Some causes of stress
• Death of a loved one
• Relationship problems
• Marriage
• Health problems
• Pregnancy / childbirth
• Loss of employment
• New job role
• Changes to job role
• Change to living situation
• Disagreements / arguments
• Bullying or feeling you are
being treated unfairly
• Legal problems
• Problems with noise
• Family gatherings
• Debt / financial strain
The impact of stress
If stress continues, it can begin to have a
serious negative impact upon our wellbeing.
Commonly, it takes a toll on:
• The body (unpleasant physical
symptoms)
• Behaviours / actions / the things we do
In turn, this can lead to psychological
difficulties, and exacerbate or create other
mental health problems.
Stress and the body
• Palpitations / rapid heart
• Faintness / dizziness
• Shortness of breath
• Butterflies in stomach
• Jelly legs
• Bladder / bowels
• Changes to appetite
• Flushes / chills
• Feeling sick
• Headaches
• Chest pain / tightness
• Stomach pains
• Muscle ache / pain
• Tiredness
• Pins and needles
• Dry mouth
• Clammy hands
• Feeling run-down
Stress and behaviour
• Being snappy / irritable
• Withdrawing
• Doing less (generally)
• Taking on more (work, chores etc. to distract)
• Avoidance and / or escape
• Procrastination
• Eating more (comfort eating) or eating less / starving self
• Risk taking
• More excess (drinking, smoking etc.)
• Reduced sexual activity / function
Psychological impact
• Burn-out
• Reduced self-esteem / confidence/ self-
belief
• Unhelpful thought patterns
– Negative view of self, world, others
– Catastrophic thinking, excessive worry
Other mental health problems
• Depression / low mood
• Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
• Panic
• Other anxiety disorders
– Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
– Social anxiety / social phobia
– Health anxiety
Tips for managing stress
• Regular exercise - 30mins, most days at a
moderate level (rather than hard)
• Releases endorphins
• Increases Serotonin
• Helps with goal setting / planning
• Improves body-shape
• Improves self-confidence / belief / esteem
Tips for managing stress
• Regular exercise (continued)
• Reduces blood pressure
• Numerous other health benefits –
reducing risk of:
• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• Alzheimers
• Some cancers
Tips for managing stress
• Regular exercise (continued)
• Helps combat other common mental
health problems:
• Anxiety
• Panic
• Depression
• Anger
• Sleep difficulties
Tips for managing stress
• Eat sensibly and get plenty of rest
• Minimise caffeine, alcohol, and smoking
• Avoid drugs / stimulants
• Time management techniques
• Don’t take on too much at once
• Plan time for yourself
• Make use of relaxation techniques
• Breathing techniques and muscle
relaxation
Tips for managing stress
• Do at least one thing you enjoy each day
• Take up a new hobby, particularly:
• Something creative
• Something practical
• Set yourself goals
• Start small, and build up
• Connect with others and give back to
others
Seeking more support
• Self-help information
http://www.exeter.ac.uk/wellbeing/resources/online-
resources/
http://www.ntw.nhs.uk/pic/selfhelp/
• Referral to Mindsmatter

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Stress 2

  • 2.  Outline what is meant by stress (1.1)  Outline the purpose / usefulness of stress on the body (1.2, 2.2)  Define a range of different types of stress and potential causes and triggers (1.3, 3.1, 3.3)  Identify short and long-term effects of stress on a person (2.1)  Investigate the harms associated with prolonged stress and potential symptoms (2.3, 2.4, 4.1) Session 2 Objectives
  • 3.  Use hand out 1 to informally reflect on and assess your own experience(s) of stress. Complete this task individually.  Discuss responses as a group and then use information recorded to answer 3.1 (p4) & 3.3 (p5). Make sure you read and answer the questions fully.  Ask for hand out 2 and read the information provided. Use a highlighter to help you focus on information relating to the following questions: 1.1 (p2) What is meant by ‘stress’ 1.2 (p2) Outline the purpose of stress on the body 2.2 (p3) State why stress can be useful  We will discuss suggested answers before you complete written responses What is it & why is it?
  • 4. Although it may be difficult to differentiate…we all experience different types of stress: 1.3 (p2) Positive stress (Eustress) can provide us with a burst of adrenaline that can help us to focus and achieve goals, or respond positively to certain situations. Negative stress (Distress) prevents relaxation and can cause physical and psychological systems to become overwhelmed and in some cases damaged. In small groups you are now going to research 4 other specific types of stress. Each group will be assigned a type of stress. Your group will need to:  Review and research information (hand out 3)  Produce an information sheet / poster  Inform the rest of the class of your findings Once each group has presented their findings you can complete 1.3 (p2) Different types of stress
  • 5.  Short-term stress or… Acute stress usually results from from specific events or situations that involve novelty, unpredictability, a threat to the ego, and leave us with a poor sense of control. This ‘on the spot’ type of stress can be good for you because the stress hormones released help your mind and body to deal with the situation.  Long-term stress or… Chronic stress usually results from repeated exposure to situations that lead to the release of stress hormones. This type of stress can cause wear and tear on your mind and body. Many scientists think that our stress response system was not designed to be constantly activated. This overuse may contribute to the breakdown of many bodily systems. Watch the following video and note down any words or phrases that will help us… …2.1 (p3) identify and list effects of long and short-term stress on a person https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQj6GMrt8EE The long and short of it…
  • 6. Stress and particularly chronic stress can have a very damaging effect on many systems and organs in the body. Read the information provided in hand out 4. Fill in the blanks using the information you have read. Ask for help if you need it. Now complete 2.3 (p3), 2.4 (p3) and 4.1 (p5) Ask you tutor to review your completed portfolio responses and file additional worksheets in your additional evidence section Symptoms and harm
  • 7. Some causes of stress • Death of a loved one • Relationship problems • Marriage • Health problems • Pregnancy / childbirth • Loss of employment • New job role • Changes to job role • Change to living situation • Disagreements / arguments • Bullying or feeling you are being treated unfairly • Legal problems • Problems with noise • Family gatherings • Debt / financial strain
  • 8. The impact of stress If stress continues, it can begin to have a serious negative impact upon our wellbeing. Commonly, it takes a toll on: • The body (unpleasant physical symptoms) • Behaviours / actions / the things we do In turn, this can lead to psychological difficulties, and exacerbate or create other mental health problems.
  • 9. Stress and the body • Palpitations / rapid heart • Faintness / dizziness • Shortness of breath • Butterflies in stomach • Jelly legs • Bladder / bowels • Changes to appetite • Flushes / chills • Feeling sick • Headaches • Chest pain / tightness • Stomach pains • Muscle ache / pain • Tiredness • Pins and needles • Dry mouth • Clammy hands • Feeling run-down
  • 10. Stress and behaviour • Being snappy / irritable • Withdrawing • Doing less (generally) • Taking on more (work, chores etc. to distract) • Avoidance and / or escape • Procrastination • Eating more (comfort eating) or eating less / starving self • Risk taking • More excess (drinking, smoking etc.) • Reduced sexual activity / function
  • 11. Psychological impact • Burn-out • Reduced self-esteem / confidence/ self- belief • Unhelpful thought patterns – Negative view of self, world, others – Catastrophic thinking, excessive worry
  • 12. Other mental health problems • Depression / low mood • Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) • Panic • Other anxiety disorders – Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) – Social anxiety / social phobia – Health anxiety
  • 13. Tips for managing stress • Regular exercise - 30mins, most days at a moderate level (rather than hard) • Releases endorphins • Increases Serotonin • Helps with goal setting / planning • Improves body-shape • Improves self-confidence / belief / esteem
  • 14. Tips for managing stress • Regular exercise (continued) • Reduces blood pressure • Numerous other health benefits – reducing risk of: • Diabetes • Heart disease • Alzheimers • Some cancers
  • 15. Tips for managing stress • Regular exercise (continued) • Helps combat other common mental health problems: • Anxiety • Panic • Depression • Anger • Sleep difficulties
  • 16. Tips for managing stress • Eat sensibly and get plenty of rest • Minimise caffeine, alcohol, and smoking • Avoid drugs / stimulants • Time management techniques • Don’t take on too much at once • Plan time for yourself • Make use of relaxation techniques • Breathing techniques and muscle relaxation
  • 17. Tips for managing stress • Do at least one thing you enjoy each day • Take up a new hobby, particularly: • Something creative • Something practical • Set yourself goals • Start small, and build up • Connect with others and give back to others
  • 18. Seeking more support • Self-help information http://www.exeter.ac.uk/wellbeing/resources/online- resources/ http://www.ntw.nhs.uk/pic/selfhelp/ • Referral to Mindsmatter