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Structural measures involve physical construction projects designed to reduce disaster risk, such as dams, levees, shelters, and earthquake-resistant buildings. Non-structural measures do not involve physical works and instead utilize policies, education, laws, and planning to manage risk, for example enforcing building codes, developing early warning systems, protecting natural resources through zoning, and raising public awareness about disaster preparedness.
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CAPACITY BUILDING IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Capacity building in disaster management involves strengthening local skills, resources, and abilities. This includes educating communities about hazards and responses, training volunteers, collaborating with relief agencies, conducting mock drills, and understanding warning messages. Assessing needs, knowledge, and attitudes is important for effective training programs. Involving all stakeholders and mainstreaming disaster risk reduction also builds capacity. Capacity building connects disasters with development and relies on traditional knowledge and participation to improve well-being and ensure organizational success over time.
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Disaster management unit iv
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IMPACT OF DISASTERS
Disasters can have significant negative impacts on human life, the economy, the environment, and society. The document discusses 8 key impact areas of disasters: (1) loss of human life, livelihoods, and property; (2) displacement of communities; (3) disruptions to education; (4) damage to local economies and opportunities for prosperity; (5) changes to ecology and the environment; (6) psychological trauma for survivors; (7) breakdown of social structures and support networks; and (8) risks to public health from infrastructure loss and poor sanitation. The severity of a disaster's effects are determined by the scale of its impacts across these different domains.
Early warning systems
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Unit ii global-hazard-trends
1) Natural disasters have been increasing since 1960 due to better recording, monitoring and global communication.
2) The number of floods and wind storms have shown a clearer upward trend which could be due to climate change, environmental changes and increased vulnerable populations.
3) While the number of people killed by disasters has decreased due to better preparedness, warning systems and relief efforts, the total number of people affected and overall economic costs of disasters have risen due to factors like population growth, urbanization and climate change.
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Capacity building in disaster management involves strengthening local skills, resources, and abilities. This includes educating communities about hazards and responses, training volunteers, collaborating with relief agencies, conducting mock drills, and understanding warning messages. Assessing needs, knowledge, and attitudes is important for effective training programs. Involving all stakeholders and mainstreaming disaster risk reduction also builds capacity. Capacity building connects disasters with development and relies on traditional knowledge and participation to improve well-being and ensure organizational success over time.
04 damage assessment methodology
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Disasters can have significant negative impacts on human life, the economy, the environment, and society. The document discusses 8 key impact areas of disasters: (1) loss of human life, livelihoods, and property; (2) displacement of communities; (3) disruptions to education; (4) damage to local economies and opportunities for prosperity; (5) changes to ecology and the environment; (6) psychological trauma for survivors; (7) breakdown of social structures and support networks; and (8) risks to public health from infrastructure loss and poor sanitation. The severity of a disaster's effects are determined by the scale of its impacts across these different domains.
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This document outlines the history of natural disasters in India and agencies responsible for monitoring hazards such as cyclones, floods, earthquakes, and tsunamis. It discusses the need for and elements of early warning systems for natural disasters. Case studies are provided on India's tsunami warning system and how early warning systems have helped in earthquake and flood events.
Unit ii global-hazard-trends
1) Natural disasters have been increasing since 1960 due to better recording, monitoring and global communication.
2) The number of floods and wind storms have shown a clearer upward trend which could be due to climate change, environmental changes and increased vulnerable populations.
3) While the number of people killed by disasters has decreased due to better preparedness, warning systems and relief efforts, the total number of people affected and overall economic costs of disasters have risen due to factors like population growth, urbanization and climate change.
Unit1f global disaster trends
Global trends show that reported natural disasters have significantly risen since the 1960s due to factors like population growth, urbanization, and climate change. Some hazards like floods and wind storms show clearer increasing trends, while others like earthquakes are more stable. Though death tolls from disasters are falling due to better disaster management, economic costs and numbers of people affected continue to rise as populations grow in hazardous areas. Reducing vulnerability and building resilience is an ongoing challenge.
ROLE OF MEDIA IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The media plays an important role in disaster management by covering natural and human-made disasters and raising awareness. To effectively fulfill this role, disaster management organizations should establish direct relationships with media. Experience shows that regular interactions with media before a disaster improves information sharing and coordination during the response. The media can contribute by prioritizing disaster risk issues, facilitating early warning systems, increasing international donations, and improving coordination between policymakers and donors. Engaging youth volunteers in all phases of disaster management from preparedness to recovery can strengthen community resilience.
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Disaster risk trends are a measure of the sustainability of development.
Trend analysis helps us to understand patterns of disaster risk and, consequently, whether disaster risk reduction is being effective.
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In order to account for these problems, analysts determine the statistical significance of the trend.
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The document discusses three stages of disaster management: pre-disaster, emergency, and post-disaster. The pre-disaster stage involves preparedness and mitigation. The emergency stage is when damage occurs and efforts are made to provide assistance and minimize problems. The post-disaster stage focuses on restoring normalcy through rebuilding shelters and infrastructure, education, and counseling.
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Mehdi NOJAVAN1, Alireza SADEGHIAN1, Mahsa MOHAJERAN2, Abdollah SOBANI3
1university of Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2university of Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Department of Hydraulic Engineering, K.N. University ofTechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Str and non str
Structural measures involve physical construction projects designed to reduce disaster risk, such as dams, levees, sea walls, and shelters. Non-structural measures do not involve physical infrastructure but rather use strategies like building codes, education, early warning systems, land use planning, and legislation to manage risk. Examples of structural measures for different hazards include reinforced construction, drainage systems, and tree planting; non-structural examples consist of enforcement of policies, financial incentives, environmental management, and knowledge sharing programs.
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Through the Lens of CDMP is a photostory that documents the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) in Bangladesh and its efforts to shift disaster management towards disaster risk reduction. Over the past 15 years, CDMP has strengthened national capacity for disaster management, implemented community-level risk reduction projects, and increased resilience. Key achievements include establishing disaster management committees, training volunteers, implementing early warning systems, building climate-resilient infrastructure, and mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into policy and education. The photos show different risk reduction initiatives across Bangladesh including flood protection, housing, water and sanitation, and capacity building activities.
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The document discusses different types of disasters including natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and hurricanes, environmental emergencies caused by industrial accidents, complex emergencies from conflict situations, and pandemic emergencies from disease outbreaks. It also covers different phases of disaster management such as prevention, preparedness, response, relief and recovery. Several examples of major disasters from across the world that caused large loss of life are provided such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China, and the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
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1) An earthquake in Gujarat in 2001 caused the deaths of over 1,000 schoolchildren when many school buildings collapsed, as they had been poorly constructed without earthquake resistance.
2) The Sendai Framework is an agreement to reduce disaster risk adopted in 2015, focusing on understanding risk, governance, investing in resilience, and disaster preparedness.
3) Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from both natural and man-made disasters to minimize human and economic losses and disruptions.
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The document defines disaster management and describes various disaster mitigation strategies, including structural and non-structural approaches. Structural mitigation involves hazard-resistant construction techniques like building codes, structural modification of at-risk buildings, and relocating structures away from hazards. Non-structural mitigation focuses on regulatory measures, education, modifying non-structural items, environmental protection, and behavior changes to reduce disaster risks and impacts. The document provides numerous examples of structural and non-structural mitigation approaches for different hazards.
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Global trends show that reported natural disasters have significantly risen since the 1960s due to factors like population growth, urbanization, and climate change. Some hazards like floods and wind storms show clearer increasing trends, while others like earthquakes are more stable. Though death tolls from disasters are falling due to better disaster management, economic costs and numbers of people affected continue to rise as populations grow in hazardous areas. Reducing vulnerability and building resilience is an ongoing challenge.
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The media plays an important role in disaster management by covering natural and human-made disasters and raising awareness. To effectively fulfill this role, disaster management organizations should establish direct relationships with media. Experience shows that regular interactions with media before a disaster improves information sharing and coordination during the response. The media can contribute by prioritizing disaster risk issues, facilitating early warning systems, increasing international donations, and improving coordination between policymakers and donors. Engaging youth volunteers in all phases of disaster management from preparedness to recovery can strengthen community resilience.
global disaster trends- emerging risks of disaster- climate change
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Trend analysis helps us to understand patterns of disaster risk and, consequently, whether disaster risk reduction is being effective.
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The pattern the trend displays (rising, falling or fluctuating) is only as real as the amount, quality and reliability of the data used. For instance, patterns of disaster losses may actually reflect a number of factors unrelated to disaster risk, including the time period over which they are measured and improvements in disaster risk reporting.
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The document discusses three stages of disaster management: pre-disaster, emergency, and post-disaster. The pre-disaster stage involves preparedness and mitigation. The emergency stage is when damage occurs and efforts are made to provide assistance and minimize problems. The post-disaster stage focuses on restoring normalcy through rebuilding shelters and infrastructure, education, and counseling.
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This document discusses both structural and non-structural measures for different natural disasters. Structural measures include protective mangrove planting, cyclone shelters, tsunami walls, irrigation systems, and earthquake resistant construction. Non-structural measures involve administrative actions like floodplain zoning, infrastructure planning, flood proofing, and disaster preparedness planning. Both structural and non-structural approaches are needed to mitigate floods, cyclones, droughts, tsunamis, and earthquakes.
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Mehdi NOJAVAN1, Alireza SADEGHIAN1, Mahsa MOHAJERAN2, Abdollah SOBANI3
1university of Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2university of Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Department of Hydraulic Engineering, K.N. University ofTechnology, Tehran, Iran
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The document outlines concepts related to reconstruction and development after disasters. It defines key terms like recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Recovery aims to resume basic services while rehabilitation provides temporary housing and infrastructure. Reconstruction rebuilds communities to be more resilient. The document discusses principles of prioritizing vulnerable groups and integrating reconstruction into long-term development plans. It also outlines the roles of different sectors in reconstruction and the government's role in relief efforts, rebuilding homes and infrastructure, and preventing disease outbreaks.
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Structural measures involve physical construction projects designed to reduce disaster risk, such as dams, levees, sea walls, and shelters. Non-structural measures do not involve physical infrastructure but rather use strategies like building codes, education, early warning systems, land use planning, and legislation to manage risk. Examples of structural measures for different hazards include reinforced construction, drainage systems, and tree planting; non-structural examples consist of enforcement of policies, financial incentives, environmental management, and knowledge sharing programs.
Paradigm Shift In Disaster Management
Through the Lens of CDMP is a photostory that documents the Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP) in Bangladesh and its efforts to shift disaster management towards disaster risk reduction. Over the past 15 years, CDMP has strengthened national capacity for disaster management, implemented community-level risk reduction projects, and increased resilience. Key achievements include establishing disaster management committees, training volunteers, implementing early warning systems, building climate-resilient infrastructure, and mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into policy and education. The photos show different risk reduction initiatives across Bangladesh including flood protection, housing, water and sanitation, and capacity building activities.
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The document discusses different types of disasters including natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and hurricanes, environmental emergencies caused by industrial accidents, complex emergencies from conflict situations, and pandemic emergencies from disease outbreaks. It also covers different phases of disaster management such as prevention, preparedness, response, relief and recovery. Several examples of major disasters from across the world that caused large loss of life are provided such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China, and the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
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1) An earthquake in Gujarat in 2001 caused the deaths of over 1,000 schoolchildren when many school buildings collapsed, as they had been poorly constructed without earthquake resistance.
2) The Sendai Framework is an agreement to reduce disaster risk adopted in 2015, focusing on understanding risk, governance, investing in resilience, and disaster preparedness.
3) Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from both natural and man-made disasters to minimize human and economic losses and disruptions.
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This document provides an overview of disaster management. It begins with defining key terms like hazard, vulnerability, and disaster. It then classifies disasters into natural (meteorological, topographical, environmental) and man-made (technological, industrial, warfare) disasters. The document discusses the phases of disaster management including preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. It provides details on medical and public health response during disasters and the potential health impacts including physical, psychological, and communicable disease consequences. Overall, the document comprehensively defines and examines different aspects of disaster management.
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NGOs play an important role in all phases of disaster management from pre-disaster awareness raising and preparedness to post-disaster relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. They provide emergency aid like food, shelter, and medical care. NGOs also assist with non-emergency activities such as education, livelihood restoration, and infrastructure development. Key activities of NGOs include raising awareness, training local communities, promoting disaster-resilient construction, providing emergency and long-term assistance, and collaborating with the government and other organizations. However, NGO response can be challenged by lack of coordination, inadequate adherence to standards, and neglect of remote areas.
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The document discusses the application of science and technology for disaster management and mitigation. It describes how geo-informatics tools like remote sensing, GIS and GPS can help in disaster management activities such as preparedness, mitigation, response and relief. It also discusses various structural and non-structural mitigation measures for different disasters like earthquakes, floods, cyclones etc. Finally, it lists some key science and technology institutions in India that work on disaster management.
Demolition Dust Control Strategies for Minimizing Dust Generation and Ensurin...
Demolition dust control involves procedures to minimize dust production and spread during building demolition. Dust poses health and safety risks to workers and communities, so efficient control is important. Strategies include wetting surfaces before and after demolition, applying dust suppressants, and using barriers to contain dust. Proper demolition requires licensing, site evaluation, safety measures, environmental protection, and restoration according to the project's scope.
Disaster management
A disaster is defined as a hazardous event, either natural or man-made, that causes severe damage and disruption through loss of life or infrastructure. There are four main types of disasters: natural disasters like floods and earthquakes, environmental emergencies from industrial accidents, complex emergencies during conflicts, and pandemic emergencies from disease outbreaks. Vulnerability refers to a community's susceptibility to harm from hazards, and disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from emergencies to reduce their impacts. Mitigation strategies include structural projects to strengthen infrastructure and non-structural policies and plans.
Disaster management
The document discusses various types of natural disasters commonly occurring in India such as floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and landslides. It describes the causes and effects of these disasters and highlights various structural and non-structural mitigation measures that can help reduce their impacts, such as early warning systems, disaster preparedness training, land use planning, and hazard-resistant infrastructure development. The document emphasizes that while not all natural disasters can be prevented, taking proactive mitigation actions can considerably reduce loss of life and property.
Flood control presentation.pptx osun state
This document discusses disaster management and flood control. It begins with an introduction to disaster management, including definitions of disaster and disaster risk reduction. It then focuses on floods, describing the different types of floods, their causes, and impacts. The document outlines non-structural and structural approaches to flood control, providing examples of each. It concludes with safety tips for preparing for and responding to flooding emergencies.
SIDDHARTH.pptx
This document discusses geo-hazards, their impacts, and strategies for mitigation and management. It begins by defining natural hazards and categorizing them as geophysical or biological. Geophysical hazards include geological events like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and tsunamis. The document then provides examples of hazards caused by earthquakes, such as ground shaking, surface faulting, and tsunamis. Volcanic eruptions can also cause hazards like lava flows, domes, and lahars. Statistics are presented on deaths and damage from natural disasters from 1995-2004. The remainder discusses approaches for hazard mitigation, including prevention, property protection, and public education. Hazard management strategies
Design Solutions power point.pptx
This document discusses natural disasters and solutions to mitigate their impacts. It focuses on cyclones, earthquakes, erosion, and deforestation. For cyclones, it describes their causes and features, and solutions like evacuating populations from risk zones and conducting studies. For earthquakes, it explains how they damage buildings and methods to earthquake-proof structures like base isolation and damping systems. For erosion, it lists control methods like articulated concrete blocks, geotextiles, and riprap. For deforestation, it notes the impacts and possible solutions like government regulations and reduced consumption.
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APPLICATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT & MITIGATION
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Event managementsystem
This document describes a project for an event management system. The objective is to create a user-friendly application that allows users to plan event decorations by selecting from a list of options with their costs. It will help clients decorate for events without visiting decorators. The system will store, maintain, and retrieve event data from its database. It is intended to save time and costs compared to manual record keeping. The project will use Java, MySQL, and NetBeans and involve modules for registration, events, notifications, user and volunteer management, and administration.
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Disaster risk reduction
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) aims to protect communities from hazards through prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation efforts. DRR includes reducing the frequency and impact of hazards, strengthening community capacity to withstand and recover from disasters, and minimizing hazards during disasters. DRR can be integrated into programs addressing issues like food security, agriculture, and capacity building. It requires understanding community risks and implementing measures to reduce vulnerability and support livelihoods. Countries where Concern works are prone to recurrent disasters like storms, earthquakes, landslides, and droughts, so DRR is important to bridge humanitarian and development efforts and sustain development in these high-risk areas.
Disaster management
This document outlines the units of a course on disaster management. Unit I introduces concepts of disasters including classifications, causes, and impacts. It discusses trends such as increasing urban disasters, pandemics, and effects of climate change. Unit II covers approaches to disaster risk reduction including the disaster cycle, prevention/mitigation strategies, and roles of community and local government. Unit III examines relationships between development and disasters, and the importance of indigenous knowledge. Unit IV describes India's hazard and vulnerability profile and components of disaster relief, management, and related policies.
Culture of safety
Safety is a top priority at our company. We promote a culture where employees feel comfortable reporting any incidents or near misses, so we can continuously improve safety practices. All staff receive regular safety training, and safety committees meet monthly to review policies and identify new hazards to address.
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This document provides definitions and concepts related to disasters. It defines a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a society's ability to cope using its own resources. Hazards are physical or human-made events that can potentially trigger a disaster. Risk is defined as expected losses from a hazard of a particular magnitude in a given area over time. Vulnerability refers to susceptibility to harm from physical, social, economic or political factors. Resilience is the ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters without compromising long-term development. The document also categorizes different types of disasters and hazards.
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The document discusses community-based disaster management (CBDM) and the importance of community involvement in disaster risk reduction and management. It outlines the key principles of CBDM, including communities playing a central role in both short- and long-term disaster management and risk reduction activities being focused on reducing vulnerabilities. It also describes the roles that local community groups, social workers, and training can play in CBDM efforts to build community capacity and empower communities to better prepare for and respond to disasters.
Community based disaster management
Community based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) aims to 1) reduce vulnerabilities and increase capacities of vulnerable groups to cope with disasters, 2) minimize human suffering, and 3) hasten recovery. CBDRR covers interventions designed by at-risk local communities based on their needs and capacities. Through CBDRR, communities can become more disaster resilient by withstanding and recovering from natural and socio-economic shocks and stresses. Key indicators of resilience include safety, livelihood security, and sustainable development.
Disaster risk reduction
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) aims to protect communities from hazards through prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation efforts. DRR includes reducing the frequency and impact of hazards, strengthening community capacity to withstand and recover from disasters, and minimizing hazards during disasters. DRR is often integrated into development programs related to areas like livelihoods, food security, and capacity building. It requires understanding community risks and implementing measures to reduce vulnerability and support sustainable livelihoods, especially in countries prone to recurrent disasters.
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Str and non str
- 1. STRUCTURAL AND NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURES STRUCTURAL MEASURES: Any physical construction to reduce or avoid possible impacts of hazards, or application of engineering techniques to achieve hazard resistance and resilience in structures or systems are known as structural measures. Examples of structural measures: Common structural measures for disaster risk reduction include dams, flood levies, ocean wave barriers, earthquake-resistant construction, and evacuation shelters. For flood: By-pass channel, Dam, Drainage System, Flood wall, Reservoir, Retention pond, Road elevation, Storm drain, Water pump. For earthquake: Earthquake proof construction, Pressed brick and bamboo reinforcement, Strengthened confinements of buildings, Retrofitting. For tsunamis: Construction of sea wells and break waters, Planting tree belts, Regulation of coastal zone. For cyclones: Developing community shelter belts, Construction of permanent houses. NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURES: Measures not involving physical construction that uses knowledge, practice or agreement to reduce risks and impacts, in particular through policies and laws, public awareness raising, training and education are known as non-structural measures. Examples of non-structural measures: Building codes enforcement, Environmental management, Financial measures: insurance, loans, tax, micro-finance schemes, compensation, Forecasting, monitoring & early warning systems, Knowledge management: education, research, public awareness, capacity building, Land use planning and zoning, Legislation and policy development, Natural resources protection: water, coast, forest