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Species of POULTRY

The document discusses various species of poultry including chickens, ducks, turkeys, quail, pigeons, geese, swans, peafowl, pheasants, and guinea fowl. It provides details on the egg weight, incubation period, and key facts about each species. It also describes the major classifications of chicken breeds including by utility (egg laying, meat, or dual purpose), appearance, and geographical origin. The document outlines the specialized fields in poultry production such as breeding farms, egg farms, and broiler farms.

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SPECIES OF POULTRY Margie Lumanggaya-Bibat,MSA MLBibat2020 1
Poultry • popular because they are fast multipliers • quick growers, more efficient feed converters • chicken most popular poultry species • duck 2nd most popular (for balut, salted and century eggs) • quail 3rd most popular (for its eggs) MLBibat2020 2
Orders 1. Galliformes – don’t have true phallus (copulatory organ), v-shaped breast 1. Anseriformes – have true phallus, v-shaped breast 2. Struthioformes – have flat breast 3. Columbiformes – secrete “milk” MLBibat2020 3
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME EGG WEIGHT (G) INCUBATION (DAYS) 1. Chicken Gallus gallus 58 21 2. Ducks Mallard pekin(meat) Mallard (egg) Muscovy (meat) Anas plathyrhynchos Anas plathyrhynchos Carina moscata 80-83 60 70 28 28 35-37 3. Turkey Meleagris gallocapa 85 28 4. Quail Coturnix coturnix 12 16-18 5. Pigeon Columbia livia 17 18 6. Geese Cygnopsis cygonoides 200 30-31 7. Swan Olar columbianos 285 35 8. Ostrich Struthio australs 1400 42 9. Peafowl Pavo cristatus 95 28 10. Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 32 23-24 11. Guinea fowl Numida meleagris 40 28 P O U L T R Y S p e c i e s MLBibat2020 4
Chicken • are birds which are kept on a farm for their eggs and for their meat. MLBibat2020 5
Ducks • A duck is a bird that spends much of its life on or near water. MLBibat2020 6
Turkey • a large North American gallinaceous bird (Meleagris gallopavo) that is domesticated in most parts of the world MLBibat2020 7
Quail • any of roughly 130 species of small short-tailed game birds classified in the families Phasianidae and Odontophoridae (order Galliformes), resembling partridges but generally smaller and less robust. MLBibat2020 8
Pigeon • any of several hundred species of birds constituting the family Columbidae (order Columbiformes). Smaller forms are usually called doves, larger forms pigeons. An exception is the white domestic pigeon, the symbol known as the “dove of peace.” MLBibat2020 9
Geese • (Anser anser domesticus or Anser cygnoides domesticus, two separate species) are domesticated grey geese (either greylag geese or swan geese) that are kept by humans as poultry for their meat, eggs and down feathers since ancient times. MLBibat2020 10
Swan • are birds of the family Anatidae within the genus Cygnus. The swans' closest relatives include the geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily. MLBibat2020 11
Peafowl • is a common name for three bird species in the genera Pavo and Afropavo of the family Phasianidae, the pheasants and their allies. Male peafowl are referred to as peacocks, and female peafowl as peahens, though peafowl of either sex are often referred to colloquially as "peacocks". MLBibat2020 12
Pheasant • are birds of several genera within the subfamily Phasianinae, of the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Though they can be found world over in introduced populations, the pheasant genera native range is restricted to Asia. MLBibat2020 13
Guinea Fowl • often referred to as guineas, are gamebirds that are increasingly popular among keepers of small and backyard flocks. Guineas are vigorous, hardy, and largely disease-free birds. There are many reasons people raise guinea fowl. The birds sound an alarm whenever anything unusual occurs on the farm. MLBibat2020 14
The Chicken: Classes,Breeds&Varieties MLBibat2020 15
• The exact ancestry of the present-day chicken is not known Common origin of the chicken breeds and varieties: 1. Red jungle fowl (Sci. name: Gallus gallus) a native of South Asia. 2. Gallus sonneti(gray jungle fowl) 3. Gallus lafayetti (Ceylonese jungle fowl) 4. Gallus varius (Javan jungle fowl) The origin of the Chicken MLBibat2020 16
• Hen of the wild jungle fowl is 0.9 kg in weight and lays only a few eggs. • Modern hens weighs 1.5 to 2.0 kg at 6 weeks of age and lays as much 320 eggs Development of Modern Breeds and Varieties MLBibat2020 17
1. Genetic Mutation  some changes in the genetic make-up of certain individuals due to factors that are within as well as factors that surrounds the subject.  the change have been transmitted to generation to generation with the possibility of being modified from time to time as more factors and more individuals interact with each other. What brought the change? MLBibat2020 18
2. Selection a. natural selection (survival of the fittest) 1. climatic differences 2. differences in nutrition b. artificial selection – the interference of man in achieving certain goals and personal ideas – for example. 1. for meat 2. for eggs 3. for fighting cocks 4. for fancy feathers What brought the change? MLBibat2020 19
• Breed – a group of chicken (fowls) possessing certain confrontation or shape of the body that distinguishes them from other chickens. • Variety – a group of chicken within the breed which possesses the same plumage color and type of comb. Example: Classification of Breeds and Varieties of Chicken Breeds Variety Leghorn White, single comb Brown, Rose comb Plymouth rock White barried MLBibat2020 20
• Strain – agroup of chickens within a variety of breed which has under constant specific section of certain traits by a speched breeder for periods of about 5 to 8 years. •Line crosses •Line crosses of family lines Classification of Breeds and Varieties of Chicken MLBibat2020 21
Breeds of chicken can be classified its utility. This is based on the purpose for which the breed or variety is most sufficient. 1. Egg class the breed belonging to this class is characterized by their comparatively small size.  they lay large white shelled eggs, very active and nervous in temperament.  they are non-sitters  examples: leghorn, minorcas, anconas and mikawa. MLBibat2020 22
2. Meat Class Large breed, slow in movement, quiet and gentle in disposition.  generally poorer egg layers and generally lay browned shelled eggs.  Examples: Brahmas, Cochin, Langshans, Cornish, white rocks. MLBibat2020 23
3. General purpose class breeds of chicken in this class are medium sized, good layers and the young are fast growers  they are not as nervous as the egg class but much more active than the meat class.  Examples: new Hampshire, rhode island red, Plymouth rock, Lancaster, Nagoya, cantonese MLBibat2020 24 White and Black Paroakan
4. Fancy class breeds beautiful plumage or form of having a rare unusual appearance.  most of them are raise chiefly has ornamentals or pets by hobbyists, regardless of their value as a source of food.  Example: frizzle, bantams, long tailed. MLBibat2020 25 Vivariums Polish trot Bantam Phoenix chicken
5. Fighting class there are groups of these kids of chickens now developed by national and international aficionados in this games,  the popular once are the ruble, hulsey, claret, and oasis. MLBibat2020 26
Standard classification – under this classification, breeds and varieties are grouped according to their geographical origin. 1. American class breeds and varieties that were developed and American continent.  the most popular are: Plymouth rock (white, barred, speckled, brown). Wyandottes, Rhodes island reds, new Hampshire, land caster. 2. Asiatic class this breeds were developed in Asia  Examples: brahmas, cochin, langshang, Cantonese, Nagoya. MLBibat2020 27
Standard classification – under this classification, breeds and varieties are grouped according to their geographical origin. 3. Mediterranean class  It is related to its utility grouping since of the Mediterranean origin are of the egg type breeds. They produced large white shelled eggs.  Examples: leghorn, minorcas, anconas 4. English class  specially the breeds that were developed in England and in its colonial territories like dorkings, australone, Cornish, orpington. 5. Other classes by origin  of development are: polish, Hamburg, French and oriental classes MLBibat2020 28
There are 189 varieties and about 40 breeds of chickens are recognized by the American poultry association as of 1953 based on registry. MLBibat2020 29
Specialized Fields in POULTRY PRODUCTION 1. Breeding farm  it is the system of researching or discovering the best combination of genes of parent stocks that will be the source of commercial chicks for the poultry producer.  the existing “strains” or probably across of various lines now available to a commercial poultry raiser is a product of very long studies by the geneticist.  there is no true commercial poultry breeding farm existing in the Philippines of 2003.  Poultry breeding farms in the country are franchised breeder farms from other international breeders. MLBibat2020 30
2. Egg Farm  egg production is the older scheme of poultry production engaged in by many research.  two phases of operations: • the 1st phase can be strictly for raising pullets. • the 2nd phase is the keeping of layers per se when they are on the stage of egg production.  All female type chicks are obtained from the reputable hatchery for this kind of stock. Specialized Fields in POULTRY PRODUCTION MLBibat2020 31
Specialized Fields in POULTRY PRODUCTION 2. Broiler Farm  It is the most recent specialized field in the Philippines.  this is the growing of meat type chicken essentially for meat production  stocks used for this purpose are so-called broiler-type chicks which are known for the fast growth, meaty conformation and good feed conservation.  broiler chicks are grown for a period of only about 6 to 7 weeks.  both male and female chicks are utilized for growing broilers. However, the males grow faster than females. MLBibat2020 32
REFERENCE • Poultry manual, 2020, Chicken Breeds in the Philippines and Choosing the Right One, Retrieved from https://poultrymanual.com/poultry-philippines- chicken-breeds • Green Emphire Licensure Examination Reviewer for Agriculturist • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junglefowl • https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/113153009366381382/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orpington_chicken • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freegreatpic ture.com%2Feggs-or-related%2Fegg-class-1244&psig • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmodernfarmer.co m%2F2014%2F10%2Fsilkies%2F&psig • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.c om%2Fbusiness%2Finnovation%2Fcould-water-be-the-fuel-of-the-future- 1.3059240&psig= MLBibat2020 33
• http://weknowyourdreams.com/duck.html • https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&u act=8&ved=2ahUKEwjOl- WqstTsAhWMHHAKHa2CD1AQFjALegQIBhAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam- • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdreamstop.com%2Fturkey- bird-dream-meaning-interpretations%2F&psig= • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fchickens.fandom.com%2F wiki%2FHen&psig=AOvVaw3LovT7iFxeYl4zgnjN3JHo&ust=1603881784651000&sour ce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjhxqFwoTCMDBnbjL1OwCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD • https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&u act=8&ved=2ahUKEwiGlPL8zNTsAhXcyIsBHcMEDJsQFjAHegQIARAC&url=https%3A% 2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fanimal%2Fquail%23%3A~%3Atext%3DQuail%252C% 2520any%2520of%2520roughly%2520130%2Cgenerally%2520smaller%2520and%2 520less%2520robust.&usg=AOvVaw37lrsRdkaDdk8u3xApYmE MLBibat2020 34 REFERENCE
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasteatlas.com% 2Fwood-pigeon&psig=AOvVaw2WLdSngxathBFiHD6b5Gd- &ust=1603882499195000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjhxqFwoTCMj1 sZnO1OwCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD • https://www.britannica.com/animal/pigeon • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_goose • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fawildaffairswans.com %2F&psig=AOvVaw2H_PBZkvPYD_tNKkZ_LuMd&ust=1603883784165000&sou rce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjhxqFwoTCPDl--3S1OwCFQAAAAAdAAAAABA9 • https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk %2Farticle%2Funder-fire-shoots-insist-pheasant-is-not-for-rich-tastes- dqhtpvw2k&psig=AOvVaw1voFnBFcQ2Jome6vqdgSrj&ust=1603885105125000 &source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0QjhxqFwoTCJD6zOHX1OwCFQAAAAAdAA AAABAI MLBibat2020 35 REFERENCE
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